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奉贤县种畜场属上海市饲养生产母猪数较多的场，全年圈养生产母猪2000多头，年上市商品肉猪5万多头。生产流程：配种舍～妊娠舍～产房～保育会～肉猪舍。为推广科技成果和进一步提高该场生产水平，上海市农科院赴奉贤科技兴农畜牧组同该场的领导和有关科技人员共同努力，开展了“提高仔猪断奶重的推广”的试验测定，以确保仔猪转群到保有舍有较好的生长速度和较高的饲料报酬，缩短肉猪饲养期，降低饲养成本。于1999413～523和1999531～7．7在该场的四、三分场进行了两批测定，共18头长上母猪，终端父本为杜洛克，其仔猪为社长上杂交猪。1材… 相似文献
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1基本情况
石市某育肥猪场冯某现有仔猪70头，决定扩大生产规模，于2007年11月从某种猪场购进仔猪30头，体重约15千克左右。回场后该仔猪饲养在离生产区约10米的隔离舍内，12小时后开始饲喂，发现大部分猪只精神萎靡、食欲不振。当时以为是经过长途运输应激所致。第3天时病猪增多，出现呼吸道感染现象，体温偏高。 相似文献
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近年来，随着养殖业的发展，饲养专业户的技术水平已有很大的提高，他们已经掌握某些猪病的防疫程序和一些简单常发疾病的治疗方法，在养猪事业上获得很大成功，养殖专业户现已从２０～３０头小规模的饲养，发展到上百头较大规模的饲养。笔者在吉林省和黑龙江省历经八个月时间的调查研究，在生产实践中总结出仔猪入栏后发病的原因： 主要是不少养猪专业户为了追求降低饲养成本将体重１０－１２ｋｇ仔猪提前入栏育肥，由于仔猪这个阶段消化器官、消化腺发育不完善，如果直接饲喂用生长肥育猪浓缩饲料配成的配合饲料，而不是仔猪浓缩饲料（符… 相似文献
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随着规模化、集约化生猪养殖的发展,有些规模场在仔猪21日龄时断奶。但由于仔猪生理发育不成熟,抵抗能力较差,早期断奶极易引起腹泻,尤其是人为(环境、饲养管理等)引起的腹泻,直接影响断奶仔猪的增重和成活率,进而影响整个饲养周期的生长速度和饲料转化率。为减少养猪生产中因仔猪腹泻所导致的经济损失,笔者利用江苏 相似文献
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2003年6月份我县某规模仔猪养殖场饲养有45-50日龄的二元杂仔猪348头,膘情中等,均为从外地不同养殖场调运回该场饲养的商品肉用仔猪。2003年6月19日该场对全部仔猪注射3头份／头量的链球菌疫苗。6月21日发现有个别仔猪发病,随后病猪逐渐增多,疫病呈暴发之势,至7月6日已先后发病12l头,发病率34．8％,经抢救治愈42头,死亡79头, 相似文献
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目前农村已有许多人采用了仔猪早期断奶方法。但往往由于技术原因，使仔猪断奶后生长发育效果不佳。现根据我们的一些生产经验谈谈仔猪早期断奶的技术关键。一、哺乳母猪的饲养管理在饲养上，哺乳母猪的饲料营养要全面，其日粮要求是：每千克混合饲料中可消化能为１２．５５－１３．９９兆焦，粗蛋白为１４％－１５％，钙为０．４％－０６ｃ／ｃ，磷为０３２％－０．５％，食盐为０．３２％－０５％。同时，还要注意哺乳母猪的饲养方法。母猪产后２－３天，体力消耗大，食欲及消化力都较差，这时喂的饲料宜少不宜多，宜精不宜粗，宜稀不宜稠… 相似文献
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2001年3一lO月,化州市某猪场饲养的断奶仔猪发生以发病急、头部眼睑水肿、运动失调、惊厥或麻痹为特征的疾病。经流行病学、临床症状、剖检及实验室检查,确诊为仔猪水肿病。经采取综合的防制措施,该病得到了控制。现报告如下。1发病情况 该场饲养母猪45头,存栏猪330多头,实行自繁自养。2002年3月15日,该场的2窝4头断奶仔猪突然发病,经该场兽医用青霉素、链霉素等药物治疗无效,次日又有3头发病,第3 d病猪全部死亡。附近栏舍饲养的断奶仔猪也出现类似情况,至10月底,该场发病的断奶仔猪共12窝38头,死亡32头,死亡率达84.2％,该场兽医无法控制病… 相似文献
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仔猪是养猪生产的基础,从出生至６０天龄仔猪成活率的高低直接影响到养猪生产的经济效益,同时也反应出该猪场生收稿日期：１９９８－０９－１１产技术管理水平的高低。提高仔猪的成活率是一个多方面技术的综合结果,包括栏舍建造及生产劳动管理、饲养技术管理、兽医卫生... 相似文献
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仔猪是养猪生产的基础,从出生至６０日龄仔猪成活率的高低直接影响到养猪生产的经济效益,同时也反应出该猪场生产技术管理水平的高低。提高仔猪的成活率是一个多方面技术的综合,包括栏舍建造及生产劳动管理、饲养技术管理、兽医卫生防疫等。我场近年来开始实施这些综合... 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献
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Billinghurst RC Brama PA van Weeren PR Knowlton MS McIlwraith CW 《American journal of veterinary research》2004,65(2):143-150
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether serum concentrations of biomarkers of skeletal metabolism can, in conjunction with radiographic evaluation, indicate severity of osteochondrosis in developing horses. ANIMALS: 43 Dutch Warmblood foals with varying severity of osteochondrosis. PROCEDURE: 24 foals were monitored for 5 months and 19 foals were monitored for 11 months. Monthly radiographs of femoropatellar-femorotibial and tibio-tarsal joints were graded for osteochondral abnormalities. Serial blood samples were assayed for 8 cartilage and bone biomarkers. At the end of the monitoring period, foals were examined for macroscopic osteochondrosis lesions. RESULTS: Temporal relationships were evident between certain serum biomarkers and osteochondrosis severity in foals during their first year. Biomarkers of collagen degradation (collagenase-generated neoepitopes of type-II collagen fragments, type-I and -II collagen fragments [COL2-3/4C(short)], and cross-linked telopeptide fragments of type-I collagen) and bone mineralization (osteocalcin) were positive indicators of osteochondrosis severity at 5 months of age. In foals with lesions at 11 months of age, osteochondrosis severity correlated negatively with COL2-3/4C(short) and osteocalcin and positively with C-propeptide of type-II procollagen (CPII), a collagen synthesis marker. Radiographic grading of osteochondrosis lesions significantly correlated with macroscopic osteochondrosis severity score at both ages and was strongest when combined with osteocalcin at 5 months and CPII at 11 months. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The ability of serum biomarkers to indicate osteochondrosis severity appears to depend on stage of disease and is strengthened with radiography. In older foals with more permanent lesions, osteochondrosis severity is significantly related to biomarker concentrations of decreased bone formation and increased cartilage synthesis. 相似文献