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1.
PRV-gE-~PPV弱毒疫苗接种后备母猪,临床上未见不良反应,从鼻肛分泌物中没有分离到病毒;接种怀孕母猪也没有不良临床反应,并在预产期内顺利产下健康仔猪。结果表明PRV-gE-～PPV弱毒疫苗具有良好的安全性。  相似文献   

2.
为制定猪细小病毒病弱毒疫苗效力检验的标准,用3批猪细小病毒病弱毒疫苗进行接种猪与接种豚鼠的平行试验;同时进行临床免疫试验。3批疫苗接种豚鼠和猪后定期进行PPVHI抗体检测;猪于免疫后攻毒,并进行病毒分离。免疫母猪在怀孕早期进行强毒攻击,40d扑杀进行病毒分离。用3批疫苗免疫后备母猪统计产仔成绩。结果显示,豚鼠接种后21d、猪接种后7d全部产生抗体反应。免疫攻毒的猪均未从血浆和内脏中分离到病毒,而从对照猪分离到病毒;怀孕母猪强毒攻击后扑杀,胎儿病毒分离均为阴性,而对照猪胎儿病毒分离为阳性;统计数据表明免疫猪的产仔成绩比未免疫猪高,平均每窝多产活仔1.85头,少产死胎木乃伊胎0.65头。结果表明,当免疫豚鼠PPV HI≥64时,免疫猪能抵抗PPV强毒攻击,两者呈正相关;免疫母猪的攻毒试验表明免疫母猪能抵抗PPV经胎盘感染;临床免疫试验证明疫苗具有良好的免疫原性和安全性。  相似文献   

3.
猪细小病毒N株的生物学和免疫学特性研究   总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16  
猪细小病毒N株是从广西初产母猪所产死胎脏器分离的自然弱毒株。用这个毒株接种PPV HI抗体阴性的四月龄小猪和怀孕14～23天的后备母猪进行安全性试验,结果无任何异常临床症状、病毒血症和同居感染,母猪分娩正常,初生仔猪在吃初乳前HI抗体阴性。该毒株免疫的小猪、后备母猪和怀孕母猪,完全能抵抗猪细小病毒强毒攻击,攻毒后49天剖杀母猪,结果胎儿正常,胎儿心血HI抗体阴性,取胎儿脏器未分离出病毒,分娩母猪产仔正常,仔猪吃初乳前HI抗体阴性。而对照猪攻毒后产生病毒血症,产下不同组合异常仔,并从死胎儿脏器分离出病毒,健活仔猪吃初乳前能测出HI抗体。从而证明用N株作为弱毒苗能防止由猪细小病毒引起的繁殖障碍性疾病。  相似文献   

4.
猪细小病毒自然弱毒N株的免疫原性研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
用PPV-N株接种抗体阴性后备母猪,5天产生HI抗体,7天达到保护性水平(＞1∶256),14天达高峰.用该毒株对4月龄猪、后备母猪和怀孕母猪进行免疫原性试验,结果攻毒后5、7、9天未检测到病毒血症和未分离到病毒.攻毒后第40天剖杀2头怀孕母猪,见胎儿正常,胎儿心血HI抗体阴性,从胎儿脏器未分离出病毒.自然分娩的母猪,产仔正常,仔猪吃初乳前HI抗体阴性,而对照猪攻毒后产生病毒血症,并产下不同组合异常仔,从死胎儿脏器分离到病毒,活仔HI抗体阳性.试验还表明豚鼠对PPV-N株的抗体应答和猪的相似,可作为PPV弱毒株免疫抗体应答检测的实验动物.本研究结果证明,PPV自然弱毒N株具有良好的免疫原性.  相似文献   

5.
猪细小病毒自然弱毒N株遗传稳定性研究   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  
本研究将PPV-N株通过敏感猪三代、猪肾传代细胞25代,测定该毒株对敏感猪的致病性,结果表明将PPV-N株连续分别通过PPV HI抗体阴性的4月龄小猪、后备母猪、怀孕母猪三代,均未从试验猪检出病毒血症和分离到病毒,且母猪产仔正常。在IBRS-2细胞中连续传代,随着传代次数的增加其细胞病变未见异常,毒价稳定在103.5TCID50/mL。将第1、5、10、15、20、25代病毒培养物接种PPV HI抗体阴性怀孕母猪,未从母猪测出病毒血症和检出病毒,所产仔猪PPV HI抗体阴性,未从弱仔猪脏器分离到病毒,说明该毒株毒力不返强,具有良好的遗传稳定性。这为该弱毒株成为一株良好的自然弱毒疫苗株提供了依据。  相似文献   

6.
猪细小病毒N株的安全性试验   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
用PPV-N株常规接种量的5倍和10倍接种PPV HI抗体阴性4月龄小猪、后备母猪和怀孕母猪,接种后第5,7、9天未能从血液中检测到病毒血症,鼻咽和直肠拭子未分离到病毒,无任何异常临床症状,母猪产仔正常,初生仔猪PPV HI抗体阴性,而未接种的对照猪产仔正常,没发现同居感染.以上研究证明PPV N株对4月龄小猪,后备母猪和怀孕母猪具有良好的安全性.  相似文献   

7.
为检测猪源伪狂犬病病毒变异株AH02LA株作为疫苗后选株的安全性及免疫效力。本研究对4日龄初生仔猪和产前1个月妊娠母猪免疫LA2017株后的安全性、28～35日龄仔猪免疫效力以及免疫猪后排毒和同群传播性进行了研究。结果显示:滴鼻接种4日龄仔猪和肌肉注射产前1个月的妊娠母猪,均无任何临床症状,表明该疫苗株具有良好的安全性;肌肉注射接种28～35日龄的仔猪,免疫后7 d产生对PRV变异株AH02LA的完全保护并且可以阻止排毒,免疫14 d后攻毒均未发病和排毒,而PRV Bartha K61株免疫猪后7 d攻毒,有4头猪出现了体温升高,鼻拭子样品均检出病毒,免疫后14 d和21 d时对试验猪攻毒,PRV Bartha K61株免疫组均有猪发病,且鼻拭子样品均检出病毒;在抗体产生水平方面,PRV LA2017株免疫后14 d产生高水平中和抗体,PRV中和指数抗体≥10 000,且维持至免疫后5个月,而Batha-K61组免疫后1个月至3个月针对PRV变异株AH02LA的中和指数仅为178～1000,且4个月就开始下降;在同群感染方面,PRV LA2017株肌肉注射接种28～35日龄仔猪后14 d内均未从鼻拭子和肛门拭子检出排毒,gB抗体全部转为阳性,同群非免疫接种猪PRV gB和gE的ELISA抗体均为阴性,表明PRV LA2017株安全性好,无横向传播,不引起同群感染。结果表明,PRV LA2017株作为疫苗株对猪伪狂犬变异株的保护效果显著优于Bartha K61株,该毒株安全性好、抗体水平高和持续时间长,是一株极具开发价值的猪伪狂犬病流行株的弱毒疫苗候选株。  相似文献   

8.
猪流行性腹泻和猪传染性胃肠炎弱毒二联疫苗研究   总被引：9，自引：2，他引：7  
用猪流行性腹泻（PED）弱毒疫苗株PEDV－G1P83和猪传染性胃肠炎（GE）弱毒疫苗株TGEV－AG1制成PED和TGE弱毒二联疫苗,并进行了保存期试验、安全效力、免疫期试验和区域试验。结果表明,试验疫苗在－20℃保存4个月,经4月保存的疫苗免疫效力未见下降。4℃保存48h对疫苗病毒的毒价没有明显影响。用该毒二联疫苗按程序免疫妊娠母猪,对妊娠母猪安全,其仔猪获得了良好的被动免疫。其对PEDV强毒、TGEV强毒和该二种强毒混合功击的免疫效力分别达90．48％、93．75％和87．5％。用二联弱毒疫苗免疫8－10日龄的哺乳仔猪证明安全,28日龄时（25日龄断奶）分别用PEDV、TGEV和两种强毒混合攻毒免疫效力分别为100％、90．9％和100％。8－10日龄免疫仔猪生长到4月龄时用TGEV和PEDV强毒攻击,免疫效力分别为100％和73．3％。结果表明,该弱毒二联疫苗能够安全地对妊娠母猪和哺乳仔猪进行免疫,免疫后能有效地保护初生仔猪、断奶猪和肥育猪抵抗TGEV和PEDV强毒的攻击。该弱毒二联疫苗在区域试验中能显著降低猪病毒性腹泻的发病率和死亡率。取得良好的效果。  相似文献   

9.
《畜牧与兽医》2015,(12):1-4
本研究旨在检测仔猪免疫猪伪狂犬病活疫苗(Bartha K61株)后,抵抗伪狂犬病病毒(PRV)变异株攻击的保护效果。取4~6周龄PRV抗体阴性仔猪,接种猪伪狂犬病活疫苗,1周后用PRV变异株(AH02LA株)攻毒,检测攻毒后临床症状、直肠温度、鼻腔排毒和肺部病变。疫苗免疫组在免疫后7 d均可以检测到gB抗体。攻毒对照组攻毒后出现典型伪狂犬症状,发病率为100%,死亡率为60%,所有猪只鼻拭子均检出排毒,所有猪只肺部均有出血、淤血等病变。免疫组的猪只攻毒后,所有猪只均未出现明显临床症状,部分猪只鼻拭子检出排毒,排毒持续时间缩短,排毒量显著减少,所有免疫猪只肺部未见明显病变。结果表明:伪狂犬病活疫苗免疫猪后对PRV变异株的攻击具有良好的保护效果。  相似文献   

10.
1976年以后国外就开始了对 PPV 疫苗的研究,证实对临近配种的 HI 阴性猪,用灭活疫苗分2次注射,每次5～10毫升,能产生不同程度的抗体反应,强毒攻击后不出现猪毒血症,不发生病毒的经胎盘感染、Wrathall et al(1984)和 Edwardset al(1986)分别报告灭活疫苗2毫升剂量1次注射对 HI 阴性猪有免疫力.我们曾经报告,用灭活疫苗2次注射,每次5毫升,不论对是否有母源抗体的猪均能产生相当高的抗体反应,在强毒攻击后不发生病毒血症,注射疫苗的怀孕母猪还可以抵抗PPV 的经胎盘感染.本文报告我们研究的用 AEI 灭活疫苗,对有或无母源抗体的猪,注射剂量为2毫升或5毫升,一次免疫的免疫力试验结果.  相似文献   

11.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

12.
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.  相似文献   

13.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

14.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

15.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host.  相似文献   

16.
Comparison of different tests to diagnose feline infectious peritonitis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
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17.
An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed.  相似文献   

18.
Serum biochemical values and the wet weight to dry weight ratios of tissues were determined in yaks in Shandan county of Gansu province. The liver, kidney, heart and muscle contents of seven elements in yaks were also analysed. Most serum biochemical values were similar to those of cattle, camels and sheep, but the calcium concentration was considerably above the normal range for other ruminants. The liver contained the highest concentrations of copper, manganese and cobalt and the kidney of selenium, iron and calcium.Abbreviations Alb albumin - ALT alanine aminotransferase - AST aspartate aminotransferase - BUN blood urea nitrogen - Chol cholesterol - Glob globulin - -GT -glutamyl transpeptidase - IP inorganic phosphorus - TP total protein  相似文献   

19.
正We are pleased to publish the second special issue on avian brood parasitism and to be responsible guest editors for the two special issues of Chinese Birds (Vol. 3, No. 4, 2012 and Vol. 4, No. 1, 2013), entitled "Avian Brood Parasitism - A Growing Research Area in Behavioral Ecology". The first issue was published in December 2012. The goal of the two special issues is to publish accumulated knowledge and some of the recent developments in  相似文献   

20.
Tropical Animal Health and Production -  相似文献   

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