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为探讨硒对氟中毒鸡睾丸组织caspase-3 mRNA表达的影响,将8日龄海兰褐雏鸡180只随机分为3组:Ⅰ组为正常对照组,饲喂全价日粮;Ⅱ组为高氟组,全价日粮中添加氟化钠(NaF),使每千克日粮中氟含量为1 000 mg;Ⅲ组为硒颉颃组,在高氟日粮中添加亚硒酸钠(Na2SeO3),使每千克日粮中硒含量为4 mg。试验期共90 d,分别于试验期第30、60、90天,空腹心脏采血后,剖杀试验鸡,取睾丸组织并检测caspase-3 mRNA表达水平。结果表明:在试验的各个阶段,Ⅲ组中caspase-3 mRNA转录水平均高于同期Ⅱ组。提示硒可以在一定程度上影响氟中毒鸡睾丸组织caspase-3 mRNA的表达水平。 相似文献
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通过在公鸡日粮中添加不同水平亚硒酸钠,研究硒对公鸡睾丸组织中细胞周期基因Cdc25A表达的影响,进而为硒调控精子发生周期和生精细胞凋亡的机理提供参考依据。选取80只体重接近、健康无疾病的海兰白成年公鸡,随机分成4组,每组20只,分别在日粮中添加0、0.5、1.0和2.0 mg/kg的亚硒酸钠,试验结束时,采集睾丸备用。采用qRT-PCR 检测硒对公鸡睾丸组织中 Cdc25A 基因的表达差异。结果表明,0.5 mg/kg组Cdc25A表达量显著高于其他处理组,且各组之间差异显著（P<0.05）。由此可见,日粮中硒的最适添加量为0.5 mg/kg,此时,Cdc25A mRNA表达量最高,高硒（超过0.5 mg/kg）则会抑制该基因的表达。 相似文献
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硒对氟中毒鸡肝肾GSH-Px活性及其mRNA表达的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为探讨硒对氟中毒鸡肝肾组织GSH-Px活性及其mRNA表达的影响,选取180只7日龄海兰褐蛋鸡,随机分为3组,每组60只.Ⅰ组:正常对照组,饲喂全价日粮;Ⅱ组:氟中毒组,在正常日粮中添加氟化钠(NaF),使日粮中氟含量为1 000mg/kg日粮;Ⅲ组:加硒组,在氟中毒组日粮基础上添加亚硒酸钠(Na<,2>SeO<,3>),使日粮中硒含量为4mg/kg日粮.试验期为90d,每隔30d采样,进行肝脏和肾脏谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性的检测以及GSH-Px mRNA转录水平的测定.结果表明加硒组肝脏和肾脏GSH-Px活性和GSH-Px mRNA转录水平在各时间点均高于氟中毒组(P<0.05).说明日粮中加硒可在一定程度上颉颃氟所致鸡肝肾组织脂质过氧化作用. 相似文献
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本试验旨在比较研究硒化壳聚糖(SC)和亚硒酸钠(SS)对海兰褐种公鸡组织硒沉积量,硫氧还蛋白还原酶(TrxR)、Ⅰ型脱碘酶(IDⅠ)活性及TrxR2、IDⅠ基因表达的影响。选取280只20周龄海兰褐种公鸡,随机分为7个处理,每个处理4个重复,每个重复10只鸡。将SC和SS分别以0.4、0.8和1.2 mg/kg 3个硒水平添加到海兰褐种公鸡基础饲粮中,对照组饲喂基础饲粮,进行为期35 d饲养试验。结果表明:1)不同的硒源和硒添加水平对种公鸡生长性能影响不显著(P>0.05)。2)在睾丸中,1.2 mg/kg SS添加组硒含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),1.2 mg/kg SC添加组硒含量极显著高于对照组(P<0.01);在肾脏中,0.8 mg/kg SS、1.2 mg/kg SS以及1.2 mg/kg SC添加组硒含量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。3)饲粮中添加0.4 mg/kg SS极显著提高了种公鸡睾丸TrxR活性(P<0.01),添加0.4 mg/kg SC显著了提高种公鸡睾丸TrxR活性(P<0.05),但只有添加0.4 mg/kg SC才能极显著提高肾脏IDⅠ活性(P<0.01)。4)0.4 mg/kg SC添加组睾丸TrxR2基因mRNA相对表达水平最高,但各组均差异不显著(P>0.05);随着硒添加水平的升高,在SS添加组,睾丸TrxR2基因mRNA相对表达水平呈现先升高后下降的趋势,而在SC添加组,睾丸TrxR2基因mRNA相对表达水平呈现先升高后下降再升高的趋势。与对照组比较,0.4 mg/kg SS添加组肾脏IDⅠ基因mRNA相对表达水平显著降低(P<0.05)。由此可知,SC对海兰褐种公鸡组织硒沉积,TrxR、IDⅠ活性以及TrxR2、IDⅠ基因表达有较大影响;建议添加低水平(0.4 mg/kg)SC。 相似文献
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为探讨鸡（♂）与鹌鹑（♀）属间杂交种睾丸生长发育不良的分子机理,试验采集新罗曼蛋用型公鸡、朝鲜公鹌鹑、鸡与鹌鹑的雄性杂交种不同发育时期的睾丸组织样共计84份,并用实时荧光定量PCR对公鸡、公鹌鹑及其杂交种各阶段睾丸组织中Bcl-2、PCNA基因的mRNA表达进行了检测。结果显示,鸡和鹌鹑不同生长发育期睾丸组织中Bcl-2、PCNA基因mRNA的表达具有相似性,Bcl-2基因整体呈波动性变化,下降到最低值后,迅速回升到较高水平,PCNA基因均有一个极显著的峰值;与鸡和鹌鹑相比,杂交种Bcl-2、PCNA基因mRNA表达均无明显变化,表明杂交种睾丸发育过程中,Bcl-2基因调控睾丸中细胞凋亡的模式不同于鸡和鹌鹑,也不存在明显的细胞增殖过程,从而推测鸡与鹌鹑的杂交种睾丸生长发育不良的分子影响因素与其睾丸组织中Bcl-2、PCNA基因mRNA的异常表达有关。本试验结果为进一步研究鸡与鹌鹑属间杂交种睾丸发育不良的分子机理提供了参考依据。 相似文献
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SOX5蛋白对公鸡精子发生和精子活力的作用及其定位 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本研究旨在探明SOX5蛋白在家禽睾丸发育中的表达规律,分析其在睾丸发育和精子活力调控中的潜在作用。采用RT-qPCR和Western blot技术检测0、5、15、40和60周龄北京油鸡公鸡睾丸中SOX5mRNA和蛋白的表达,并比较其在40周龄正常公鸡与弱精子症公鸡睾丸中的表达差异,通过免疫组化技术对SOX5蛋白在睾丸组织中的表达进行定位。结果表明,SOX5 mRNA和蛋白在不同周龄公鸡的睾丸中均有表达,且差异显著(P0.05)。SOX5mRNA和蛋白表达量趋势一致;随着周龄的增加,其表达呈现先上升后降低的趋势:0和5周龄SOX5蛋白主要在精原细胞和支持细胞中表达;15周龄SOX5蛋白在支持细胞、各级精母细胞、圆形精子细胞和成熟精子中均高表达;40周龄表达量有所降低。SOX5基因和蛋白的表达趋势与公鸡性成熟和繁殖机能衰退的趋势一致,即性成熟前后和繁殖高峰期表达量较高,在性发育前和生精机能减退时表达量较低。此外,40周龄弱精子症公鸡睾丸中,SOX5的表达显著低于正常公鸡(P0.05)。综上表明,SOX5的表达量与公鸡睾丸发育水平和精子活力存在一定的相关,可能对其具有重要调控作用。 相似文献
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本试验旨在探讨N-乙酰半胱氨酸（NAC）在镉（Cd）致去卵巢大鼠肺细胞凋亡和肺组织损伤的缓解作用。40只雌性SD大鼠随机分为假手术对照（Control）组、Cd组、NAC组和NAC+Cd组，每组10只。18个月后，取大鼠肺组织，镜检观察组织HE染色与Masson染色后的病理学变化，应用火焰原子吸收光谱法检测组织中Cd的含量，应用qRT-PCR法检测组织纤维化关键蛋白Col-I和Col-III mRNA水平，并应用Western blot检测凋亡关键蛋白（Bcl-2、Bax及cleaved caspase-3）及p53的表达与Akt磷酸化。结果显示，与Control组相比，Cd组肺组织中肺泡结构消失和纤维组织增生，Cd的含量极显著增加（P<0.01），Col-I和Col-III mRNA水平、Bax/Bcl-2比值、cleaved caspase-3与p53的表达极显著上调（P<0.01），Akt磷酸化受抑制。与Cd组相比，NAC+Cd组减轻了肺组织病理变化，显著（P<0.01）降低了肺组织中Cd的含量，下调了Col-I和Col-III mRNA水平和Bax/Bcl-2比值、cleaved caspase-3与p53的表达，提高了Akt磷酸化水平。综上表明，NAC对Cd致大鼠肺组织损伤和肺细胞凋亡具有较好的缓解作用。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献
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Billinghurst RC Brama PA van Weeren PR Knowlton MS McIlwraith CW 《American journal of veterinary research》2004,65(2):143-150
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether serum concentrations of biomarkers of skeletal metabolism can, in conjunction with radiographic evaluation, indicate severity of osteochondrosis in developing horses. ANIMALS: 43 Dutch Warmblood foals with varying severity of osteochondrosis. PROCEDURE: 24 foals were monitored for 5 months and 19 foals were monitored for 11 months. Monthly radiographs of femoropatellar-femorotibial and tibio-tarsal joints were graded for osteochondral abnormalities. Serial blood samples were assayed for 8 cartilage and bone biomarkers. At the end of the monitoring period, foals were examined for macroscopic osteochondrosis lesions. RESULTS: Temporal relationships were evident between certain serum biomarkers and osteochondrosis severity in foals during their first year. Biomarkers of collagen degradation (collagenase-generated neoepitopes of type-II collagen fragments, type-I and -II collagen fragments [COL2-3/4C(short)], and cross-linked telopeptide fragments of type-I collagen) and bone mineralization (osteocalcin) were positive indicators of osteochondrosis severity at 5 months of age. In foals with lesions at 11 months of age, osteochondrosis severity correlated negatively with COL2-3/4C(short) and osteocalcin and positively with C-propeptide of type-II procollagen (CPII), a collagen synthesis marker. Radiographic grading of osteochondrosis lesions significantly correlated with macroscopic osteochondrosis severity score at both ages and was strongest when combined with osteocalcin at 5 months and CPII at 11 months. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The ability of serum biomarkers to indicate osteochondrosis severity appears to depend on stage of disease and is strengthened with radiography. In older foals with more permanent lesions, osteochondrosis severity is significantly related to biomarker concentrations of decreased bone formation and increased cartilage synthesis. 相似文献