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日粮中添加天门冬氨酸镁对肉仔鸡肝脏和腿肌脂质过氧化状态的影响 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
研究日粮添加天门冬氨酸镁（MgAsp）对肉仔鸡肝脏和腿肌脂质过氧化状态的影响及其机理。将128只22日龄的AA肉仔鸡随机分配到对照组和加镁日粮组,每组8个重复,每个重复8只鸡,以玉米、豆粕为主要原料配制对照组日粮,在此基础上添加1％的MgAsp作为加镁组日粮。42日龄时,每个重复随机抽取1只鸡,颈静脉放血处死,收集血清、肝脏和腿肌等样品。试验结果表明,与对照组相比,加镁组肉仔鸡血清、腿肌和肝脏镁的含量分别提高了22％、21％和29％（P〈0．01）,加镁组肉仔鸡肝脏和腿肌中丙二醛（MDA）的含量分别降低了24%（P〈0．01）和29％（P〈0．01）,加镁组肉仔鸡肝脏中过氧化氢酶（CAT）和总超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）的活性分别提高了25％（P〈0．01）和14％（P〈0．05）,腿肌CAT的活性提高了37％（P〈0．01）,日粮添加MgAsp显著降低腿肌中活性氧（ROS）的含量（P〈0．01）。两组肉仔鸡腿肌和肝脏中不饱和脂肪酸的总含量差异不显著（P〉0．05）。上述结果说明,玉米-豆粕日粮中添加MgAsp可以有效降低肝脏和腿肌中MDA的产量;腿肌中CAT活性的提高和ROS产量的降低是日粮添加MgAsp降低腿肌中脂质过氧化水平的原因;肝脏中CAT和SOD活性的提高是日粮添加MgAsp降低肝脏中脂质过氧化水平的原因。 相似文献
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将150只1日龄健康艾维菌肉仔鸡随机分为5组．在其基础日粮中分别添加75、100、125、150毫克／千克的10％牛至油预混剂．饲喂6周。结果表明，牛至油可提高肉仔鸡全期的增重速度（P〈0．01），改善料肉比（P〈0.01）；42日龄试验组平均屠宰率、胸肌率和腿肌率分别比对照组高2．51％（p〉0．05）、8．93％（p〈0．05）、9．60％（p〈0．05），试验组平均腹脂率比对照组低16．30％（p〈0．01）。生长前期（0-3周龄）以125毫克／千克的添加量为宜．生长后期（4-6周龄）的适宜添加量为100毫克／千克。 相似文献
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本研究旨在探讨牛磺酸对肉仔鸡生产性能和血清生化指标的影响。选用288只1日龄AA肉仔鸡,随机分为6组,每组3个重复。第1组为对照组,饲喂基础日粮（不合抗生素）;第Ⅱ组为抗生素组,在基础日粮中添加50mg／kg的杆菌肽锌;第Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ组为牛磺酸添加组,在基础日粮中分别添加0．05％、0．10％、0．15％和0．20％的牛磺酸,试验期42天。结果表明：（1）日粮中添加0．10％牛磺酸,能够显著提高肉仔鸡42日龄平均末重和平均日增重,显著降低料重比（P〈0．05）;（2）添加0．10％的牛磺酸能显著降低42日龄肉仔鸡血清中葡萄糖（GLU）、尿酸（UA）含量（P〈0．05）,显著提高血清总蛋白（TPO）含量（P〈0．05）;0．15％和0．20％的牛磺酸能显著降低血清中GLU含量（P〈0．05）,0．15％牛磺酸使血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL—C）含量显著提高（P〈0．05）;添加牛磺酸可以使42日龄肉仔鸡血清甘油三酯（TG）含量有不同程度降低,但差异不显著（P〉0．05）。 相似文献
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将150只1日龄健康艾维茵肉仔鸡随机分为5组,每组设3个重复（每个重复10羽）。第1组为对照组,饲喂玉米——豆粕型基础日粮,2-5组为试验组,一在其基础日粮中分别添加75,100,125,150mg／kg的10％牛至油预混剂;饲养6周。结果表明,与对照组相,在试验前期（0-3周龄）,125mg／kg牛至油组肉仔鸡的日增重提高了11．20％（P〈0．01）,料肉比降低了13．55％（P〈0．01）;在试验后期（4-6周龄）,100mg／kg牛至油组的日增重提高了8．20％（P〈0．01）,料肉比降低了11．93％（P〈0．01）。42日龄,100mg／kg牛至油组的T淋巴细胞酸性α-醋酸萘涵旨酶的活性和T淋巴细胞转化率分别比对照组提高了16．56％、13.90％（P〈0．05）。生长前期（0～3周龄）以125mg／kg的添加量为宜,生长后期（4-6周龄）的适宜添加量为100mg／kg。 相似文献
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0—3周龄从肉仔鸡日粮添加8mgCr／kg的5种铬源，一个对照组，统计日增重和日采食量，取肝脏、肾和胫骨测定铬含量。结果表明：①在高添加水平8mgCr／kg下，日粮添加铬对3周龄肉仔鸡生长性能的不良影响取决于铬源。CrY对3周龄肉仔鸡的日增重、日采食和料重比没有不良影响（P〉0．05），但是CrPic、CrNic、CrMet和CrCl3均对3周龄肉仔鸡有不同程度的不良影响，在高水平8mgCr／kg下分别使肉仔鸡的日增重显著下降8．06％，16．46％，9．06％，41．36％（P〈0．05）；CrMet显著增加肉仔鸡日采食11．33％，而CrCl3显著降低肉仔鸡日采食17．04％；CrNic、CrMet和CrCl3使肉仔鸡的料重比显著升高20％、22％、41．33％o可见CrMet和CrCl3影响最大，其次为CrNic和CrPic。2.8mgCr／kgCrCl3显著增加3周龄肉仔鸡的腹脂率63．01％（P〈0．05），其它4种铬源对3周龄肉仔鸡的腹脂率没有显著影响（P〉0．05），表明高添加的条件下有机铬对肉仔鸡腹脂蓄积的影响比无机铬小。②在高添加水平下，铬源对1—21日龄肉仔鸡的肝脏铬含量、肾脏铬含量、胫骨铬含量有极显著影响（P〈0．01）. 相似文献
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试验采用单因子随机设计,选用1日龄AA肉仔鸡180羽,分成4组（空白组、试验l组、试验2组、试验3组）,每组5个重复,分别饲喂添加0％、0．6％、1．2％、2．4％黄石散的基础日粮,试验为期6W,探讨黄石散对肉仔鸡生产性能,肠道茵群的影响。结果表明：与对照组相比,试验1组和2组日均采食量分别提高了5．5．％、7．82％（P〈O．05）,试验1组、2组和3组与对照组相比平均日增重分别提高了7．55％、11．37％和6．06％（P〈O．05）;试验1、2、3组与对照组相比,空肠和盲肠中乳酸杆菌显著提高（P〈O．05）,大肠杆菌显著降低（P〈0．05）。该试验表明饲料中添加黄石散可提高肉仔鸡的生长性能,有益于肠道微生物区系平衡,且肉仔鸡日粮中添加1．2％黄石散效果较理想。 相似文献
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选取日龄和体重相似的60头杜长大三元猪，随机分为对照组和试验组，每组30头．组内设3个重复，每重复10头试验猪。对照组仅饲喂基础日粮，试验组在基础日粮中添加300μg／kg（以铬计）的吡啶甲酸铬，预试期7d，试验期60d。试验结果表明：在育肥猪日粮中添加300μg／kg（以铬计）的吡啶甲酸铬，可使育肥猪日增重提高5．04％（P〈0．05）。料肉比降低4．01％（P〉0．05）；同时可以使屠宰率和贮存2d的肌总色素两指标分别提高0．91％和0．24％；吡啶甲酸铬可显著提高胴体瘦肉率4．92％（P〈0．05）和眼肌面积5．32cm。（P〈0．05），同时显著降低背膘厚0．35cm（P〈0．05）。吡啶甲酸铬能显著提高育肥猪的日增重并明显降低料肉比。改善育肥猪的胴体品质．因此在育肥猪日粮中添加吡啶甲酸铬具有重要的现实意义。 相似文献
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试验选用1,600只1日龄AA肉鸡,采用单因子试验设计,随机分成两个处理（对照组和试验组）,每个处理4个重复,每个重复200只,对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组饲喂基础日粮＋50g／t康福特100。探讨日粮中添加由北京中农颖泰生物技术有限公司研制并生产的高端乳酸菌微生态制剂（商品名：康福特100）对肉鸡生产性能及肠道菌群的影响。结果表明：从生长性能、肉鸡生长全程来看,基础日粮中添加康福特显著提高1～42d肉鸣日增重,有降低料肉比的趋势,但没有显著影响（P〉0．05）。对肠道茵群而言,14日龄时,试验组肉鸡鲜粪中的双歧杆菌数是对照组的12．09倍（P〈0．05）,对照组肉鸡鲜粪中的大肠杆菌数是试验组的6．42倍（P〈0．05）;在;55日龄时,试验组肉鸡鲜粪申的双歧杆菌数是对照组的8．40倍（P〈0．05）,对照组肉鸡鲜粪中的大肠杆菌数分别试验组的5．76倍（P〈0．05）。即日粮中添加50g／t康福特100可以显著提高AA肉鸡的日增重,改善肉鸡生产性能,调节肠道菌群平衡,促进肠道中双歧杆菌的增殖,抑制大肠杆菌的生长。 相似文献
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一种特殊溶菌酶对肉仔鸡生长性能的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
选取3200羽1日龄艾维菌肉仔鸡随机分为4组，每组4个重复，每重复200羽，比较在相同的营养水平条件下分别饲喂添加溶菌酶、速大肥及恩拉霉素日粮对肉仔鸡生长性能的影响，试验时间42d。结果表明，在试验前期与对照组相比，饲喂添加溶菌酶日粮能提高肉仔鸡的平均日增质量9．37％（P〈0．05），降低料重比11．98％（P〈0．05），差异显著；在试验后期与对照组相比，饲喂添加溶菌酶日粮也能有效提高肉仔鸡的平均日增质量，降低料重比，但差异不显著。与其他抗生素组相比，饲喂添加溶菌酶日粮的肉仔鸡的生长性能也有明显的改善。试验结果表明，肉仔鸡日粮中添加溶菌酶能提高生长性能，同时可替代日粮中的抗生素。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献
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Billinghurst RC Brama PA van Weeren PR Knowlton MS McIlwraith CW 《American journal of veterinary research》2004,65(2):143-150
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether serum concentrations of biomarkers of skeletal metabolism can, in conjunction with radiographic evaluation, indicate severity of osteochondrosis in developing horses. ANIMALS: 43 Dutch Warmblood foals with varying severity of osteochondrosis. PROCEDURE: 24 foals were monitored for 5 months and 19 foals were monitored for 11 months. Monthly radiographs of femoropatellar-femorotibial and tibio-tarsal joints were graded for osteochondral abnormalities. Serial blood samples were assayed for 8 cartilage and bone biomarkers. At the end of the monitoring period, foals were examined for macroscopic osteochondrosis lesions. RESULTS: Temporal relationships were evident between certain serum biomarkers and osteochondrosis severity in foals during their first year. Biomarkers of collagen degradation (collagenase-generated neoepitopes of type-II collagen fragments, type-I and -II collagen fragments [COL2-3/4C(short)], and cross-linked telopeptide fragments of type-I collagen) and bone mineralization (osteocalcin) were positive indicators of osteochondrosis severity at 5 months of age. In foals with lesions at 11 months of age, osteochondrosis severity correlated negatively with COL2-3/4C(short) and osteocalcin and positively with C-propeptide of type-II procollagen (CPII), a collagen synthesis marker. Radiographic grading of osteochondrosis lesions significantly correlated with macroscopic osteochondrosis severity score at both ages and was strongest when combined with osteocalcin at 5 months and CPII at 11 months. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The ability of serum biomarkers to indicate osteochondrosis severity appears to depend on stage of disease and is strengthened with radiography. In older foals with more permanent lesions, osteochondrosis severity is significantly related to biomarker concentrations of decreased bone formation and increased cartilage synthesis. 相似文献