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1.
探讨不同数量大肠埃希菌(E.coli)和金黄色葡萄球菌(S.aureus)对奶牛睾丸间质细胞(LCs)炎性因子、类固醇合成快速调节蛋白(StAR)以及睾酮(T)分泌的影响。通过体外培养LCs,选取生长状态良好的第3代LCs进行试验。根据E.coli和S.aureus作用数量,试验各分为6组,即用不同数量的E.coli(0、10~4、10~5、10~6、10~7、10~8 CFU/mL)和不同数量的S.aureus(0、10~4、10~5、10~6、10~7、10~8 CFU/mL)感染LCs。通过实时荧光定量PCR检测相关炎性因子和StAR mRNA表达的变化;用牛睾酮(T)酶联免疫分析(ELISA)试剂盒检测睾酮分泌水平的变化。结果表明,E.coli数量为10~8 CFU/mL和S.aureus数量为10~7 CFU/mL时,IL-6和IL-1βmRNA的表达量最高,与其他组相比较增加极显著(P<0.01);E.coli数量为10~4、10~5、10~6、10~7、10~8 CFU/mL时感染LCs后,StAR mRNA表达量显著低于对照组(P<0.05);S.aureus浓度为10~6、10~7和10~8 CFU/mL时,StAR mRNA的表达量显著低于对照组(P<0.05);分别用E.coli和S.aureus感染LCs 12 h,睾酮分泌量与对照组相比无显著变化(P>0.05)。结果表明,LCs被E.coli和S.aureus感染12 h,能引起LCs的炎症反应,同时抑制StAR mRNA的表达,但对睾酮的分泌无显著影响。  相似文献   

2.
银狐繁殖期血浆主要激素变化及其对繁殖功能的调控   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  
通过放射免疫测定技术测定母银狐发情前期和发情期外周血浆雌二醇-17β[E2]、孕酮(P4)浓度以及公狐睾酮(T)浓度,并分析这些技术的变化及其对繁殖功能的调控.结果表明,银狐初配前2～3d,E2浓度达峰值(240.85±39.98)pg/mL,在母狐接受跨时E2浓度降至(146.95±38.21)pg/mL,而在发情前期和发情期,其孕酮浓度范围是0.91～77.43ng/mL,峰值是(54.77±23.66)ng/mL,在雌二酮峰值时,孕酮浓度为(28.57±21.21)ng/mL,配种时,P4浓度(33.12±22.56)ng/mL,初配后4d(排卵结束),P4达(48.28±34.84)ng/mL.公狐配种期,T浓度范围(127.2±444.4)pg/mL,,峰值是(341.2±103.2)pg/mL.  相似文献   

3.
健康白羽肉鸡20只,随机分为A、B两组,以20mg/kg的剂量单次灌服两种工艺的20%氟苯尼考粉。并于给药后不同时间点从翅下静脉采血,采用已建立的UPLC-MS/MS测定血浆中的药物浓度。采用 WinNonlin 5. 2. 1 药动学分析软件的非房室模型拟合血药浓度-时间数据。结果显示：A组达峰时间(Tmax)和达峰浓度(Cmax)分别为1.675±0.782 h、1073.20±425.72 ng/mL,平均消除半衰期T1/2λz约为4.729±3.347 h,平均曲线下面积 (AUClast) 为 4498.76±2596.16 h?ng/mL;B组达峰时间(Tmax)和达峰浓度(Cmax)分别为1.523±1.723 h、4654.64±1669.75 ng/mL,平均消除半衰期T1/2λz约为2.193±1.515 h,平均曲线下面积 (AUClast)为15392.84±2586.10 ng/mL;相对生物利用度约为342.16%。结果表明,采用环糊精包合工艺的氟苯尼考粉的生物利用度显著高于普通工艺的氟苯尼考粉。  相似文献   

4.
为探究骨形态发生蛋白15(Bone Morphogenic Protein 15,BMP15)对体外培养的藏鸡等级卵泡颗粒细胞孕酮分泌的影响，研究体外分离、培养并鉴定藏鸡等级卵泡F1颗粒细胞后，用0、25、50、100 ng/mL四种不同浓度的BMP15蛋白单独处理或者联合25 ng/mL促卵泡素（FSH）处理细胞，72 h后采用ELISA法检测不同处理组细胞培养液中的孕酮含量。同时，采用实时荧光定量PCR(RT-qPCR)法检测不同处理组细胞中孕酮合成关键基因StAR、CYP11A1和HSD3B1 mRNA相对表达量。结果显示：免疫组化法鉴定体外分离培养的藏鸡F1卵泡颗粒细胞卵泡刺激素受体（FSHR）抗体阳性率95%以上；BMP15单独处理细胞后，随着BMP15浓度的升高，孕酮分泌量呈下降的趋势，且100 ng/mL处理组的孕酮分泌量极显著低于其他组（P<0.01）;BMP15联合FSH处理细胞后，随着BMP15浓度的升高，孕酮分泌量呈现上升的趋势，其中100 ng/mL处理组的孕酮分泌量极显著高于其他组（P<0.01）；不同处理组细胞中孕酮合成关键基因StAR、CYP1...  相似文献   

5.
放射免疫法测定枫泾(FJ)和长白(L)青年母猪(各4头)首次发情周期内外周血清中促卵泡素(FSH)、促黄体素(LH)、17β-雌二醇(E_2)、孕酮(P_4)、和睾酮(T)的含量。测定结果,初情期开始日龄FJ猪平均为104.3±11.50天,L猪为235.0±1.95天。两猪种首次发情周期内外周血清中同种生殖激素有相似的变化趋势。在首次情期内,FJ和L猪的FSH平均含量分别波动在28.6±8.6～49.4±6.0ng/ml和16.8±2.5～38.9±0ng/ml之间;FSH总平均含量FJ猪组(37.8±2.7)显著高于L猪(27.0±3.1ng/ml)P<0.05;FJ猪发情0～2小时的FSH平均含量(34.4±2.1ng/ml)极显著地高于L猪(22.2±1.7ng/ml)P<0.001。排卵前LH峰均值FJ猪组(5.31±0.75ng/ml)显著高于L猪组(1.83±0.75ng/ml)P<0.05。发情当天(0天)E_2达峰值,FJ和L猪组分别是30.5±3.9和20.4±5.3pg/ml,两者无显著差异(P>0.05)。FJ和L猪组各自的P_4(ng/ml)和T(pg/ml)分泌呈显著正相关,相关系数依次为γ_F=0.71,P<0.05,γ_L=0.95,P<0.01。LH、FSH的含量高很可能是FJ猪高排卵率的重要因素之一。  相似文献   

6.
本试验将16只成年健康猫随机分成2组,每组8只(公母各半),采用单剂量随机平行对照试验设计,分别单剂量(4 mg/kg体重,以米尔贝肟计)经口内服国产(受试品)和进口(对照品)米尔贝肟吡喹酮片,进行其在猫体内的药代动力学比较研究.给药后按预定时间采集血样,采用HPLC法进行血浆中米尔贝肟和吡喹酮含量的测定,实测血药浓度—时间数据采用Winnonlin 5.2药代动力学分析软件计算药代动力学参数.结果显示,米尔贝肟吡喹酮片对照品单剂量内服后,米尔贝肟的消除半衰期(T1/2β)为(20.08±7.57)h,达峰时间(Tmax)和峰值浓度(Cmax)分别为6.00 h和(764.43±251.40)ng/mL,平均曲线下面积(AUC)为(15.00±5.05)ng/(L·h),平均滞留时间(MRT)(18.60±1.52)h;吡喹酮的消除半衰期(T1/2β)为(6.27±5.26)h,达峰时间(Tmax)和峰值浓度(Cmax)分别为(3.88±0.35)h和(1018.25±200.19)ng/mL,平均曲线下面积(AUC)为(8.69±2.07)ng/(L·h),平均滞留时间(MRT)(6.56±1.07)h.米尔贝肟吡喹酮片受试品单剂量内服后,米尔贝肟的消除半衰期(T1/2β)为(15.07±4.05)h,达峰时间(Tmax)和峰值浓度(Cmax)分别为(5.25±1.04)h和(806.65±299.01)ng/mL,平均曲线下面积(AUC)为(15.18±5.97)ng/(L·h),平均滞留时间(MRT)(17.47±1.97)h,相对生物利用度为101.20%;吡喹酮的消除半衰期(T1/2β)为(11.11±4.62)h,达峰时间(Tmax)和峰值浓度(Cmax)分别为(5.25±1.04)h和(880.47±241.27)ng/mL,平均曲线下面积(AUC)为(9.64±2.76)ng/(L·h),平均滞留时间(MRT)(10.52±1.52)h,相对生物利用度为119.16%.与对照品相比,受试品的药代动力学参数中除米尔贝肟的消除半衰期显著缩短、吡喹酮的达峰时间显著延迟外(P<0.05),其他药代动力学参数差异均不显著(P>0.05).结果表明,猫经口内服米尔贝肟吡喹酮片受试品与对照品后具有相似的药代动力学特征.  相似文献   

7.
应用放射免疫测定技术及激光速率散射比浊法对蓝狐阴茎中某些化学成分进行测定分析 ,得出与蓝狐生殖有关的睾酮 (T)、孕酮 (P)、17β -雌二醇 (E2 )、生长激素 (GH)、人绒毛膜促性腺激素 (HCG) ,其含量分别为 (2 0 5 0± 3 6 5 )ng/g、(0 6 7± 0 12 )ng/g、(99 2 5± 9 87)pg/g、(18 2 1± 2 98)ng/g、(4 5 6 3± 5 2 9)mIU/g ,得出与蓝狐生命活动有关的三碘甲状腺原氨酸 (T3 )、四碘甲状腺原氨酸 (T4)、生物信使cAMP、cGMP及免疫球蛋白IgA、IgG、IgM等成分含量分别为 (1 17± 0 17)ng/g、(2 6 13± 3 6 6 )ng/g、(2 1 39± 2 89)ng/g、(2 7 75±3 18)ng/g、(0 0 8± 0 0 1)mg/g、(0 0 7± 0 0 2 )mg/g、(0 0 4± 0 0 1)mg/g。  相似文献   

8.
下丘脑多巴胺和5-羟色胺调控皖西白鹅就巢机理的研究   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  
本试验利用多巴胺(dopamine,DA)和5-羟色胺(5-hydroxytryptamine,5-HT)受体阻断剂作用于皖西白鹅的就巢开始,进行醒抱和就巢的内分泌调控试验。于就巢第1d开始用药(氯丙嗪:80mg/kg·d,赛更啶:8mg/kg·d),连用3d。醒抱试验结果为:氯丙嗪处理组的平均就巢天数为2.5±0.8d,赛更啶处理组为3.8±1.2d,氯丙嗪和赛更啶共同处理组为1.0±0.2d,均极显著低于对照组(35d,P<0.01)。就巢的内分泌调控试验结果为:用药物共同处理后,试验组E2先升后降,并维持较高水平(>256.74±23.98ng/ml),对照组下降较明显,并维持较低水平(<162.65±15.36ng/ml);试验组催乳素(prolactin,PRL)由开始就巢时的0.26±0.06ng/ml降至0.18±0.02ng/ml,而对照组的PRL则从就巢开始的0.26±0.06ng/ml一直上升至0.38±0.06ng/ml;外周P4浓度从就巢开始时的46.18±3.36nmol/ml显著降至16.67±4.35nmol/ml(P<0.05),并维持低水平;而FSH的变化则无显著差异。以上试验结果提示,DA和5-HT阻断剂可以降低禽类机体内PRL分泌,对禽类就巢的发生和维持具有抑制作用,同时表明DA和5-HT对于禽类就巢的发生和垂体PRL的释放具有一定的协同促进作用。  相似文献   

9.
研究利用3种不同的方法超数排卵处理沼泽型水牛,比较研究不同方法处理时水牛血清雌二醇(E2)、孕酮(P4)浓度变化规律。结果表明:进口FolltropinR○-V、国产FSH和PMSG超数排卵处理沼泽型水牛,血清E2浓度峰值分别出现在氯前列烯醇(PGc)处理后的48 h([142.45±94.66)pg/mL]、72 h([87.78±29.62)pg/mL]、48 h([126.38±92.33)pg/mL];血液中P4浓度最低值分别出现在PGc处理后的48 h([0.76±0.21)pg/mL]、24 h([1.18±0.12)pg/mL]和144 h([0.82±0.06)pg/mL]。  相似文献   

10.
蓝狐睾丸几种化学成分的检测   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
通过放射免疫测定技术及激光速率散射比浊法对蓝狐睾丸中某些化学成分的测定分析,得出与蓝狐生殖有关的睾酮(T)、孕酮(P)、雌二醇(E2 )、生长激素(GH)、人绒毛膜促性腺激素(HCG) ,其含量分别为( 83.3 0±1 1 2 .5 8)ng/g、( 3 0 .1 6±5. 69)ng/g、( 2 41 . 3 5±3 5 .2 1 )pg/g、( 42 .2 2±5 .78)ng/g、( 2 5 9.90±3 9.1 8) μg/g;与生命活动有关的三碘甲状腺原氨酸(T3)、四碘甲状腺原氨酸(T4)、生物信使cAMP、cGMP,以及免疫球蛋白IgA、IgG、IgM等成分,其含量分别为( 0 .1 1±0.0 2 )mg/g、( 0.1 0±0 .0 2 )mg/g、( 0.0 6±0.0 1 )mg/g,为此产品的开发利用提供理论依据  相似文献   

11.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

12.
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.  相似文献   

13.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

14.
Tropical Animal Health and Production -  相似文献   

15.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

16.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host.  相似文献   

17.
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed.  相似文献   

18.
Comparison of different tests to diagnose feline infectious peritonitis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
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19.
An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed.  相似文献   

20.
Serum biochemical values and the wet weight to dry weight ratios of tissues were determined in yaks in Shandan county of Gansu province. The liver, kidney, heart and muscle contents of seven elements in yaks were also analysed. Most serum biochemical values were similar to those of cattle, camels and sheep, but the calcium concentration was considerably above the normal range for other ruminants. The liver contained the highest concentrations of copper, manganese and cobalt and the kidney of selenium, iron and calcium.Abbreviations Alb albumin - ALT alanine aminotransferase - AST aspartate aminotransferase - BUN blood urea nitrogen - Chol cholesterol - Glob globulin - -GT -glutamyl transpeptidase - IP inorganic phosphorus - TP total protein  相似文献   

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