首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 515 毫秒
1.
为提高新城疫病毒(NDV)弱毒疫苗的免疫保护效果,本研究选取鸡IL2(chIL2)和chIL 15两个细胞因子作为分子佐剂,通过反向遗传操作技术分别将这两个基因克隆于NDV Clone30株中,构建表达chIL2和chIL15的重组病毒rClone30-chIL2和rClone30-chIL15.ELISA法检测结果表明两种细胞因子在重组病毒中均能够稳定表达.将重组病毒免疫雏鸡,以NDV强毒BJ株进行攻毒试验,测定其抗体产生情况和保护效果.结果表明,两种重组病毒均可以诱导雏鸡产生较高水平抗体;而且两种重组病毒保护率可达100％,具有较好的保护效果.本研究为进一步提高NDV重组基因工程疫苗的效果提供了新思路.  相似文献   

2.
将新城疫病毒AI4株的HN蛋白胞外区替换成禽副黏病毒2型T4株HN相应部分,构建获得了一株重组病毒r AI4-T4HNECD,该病毒具有较高繁殖性能,且毒力弱。将该病毒制成灭活疫苗免疫2周龄SPF鸡后,定期采血用于血凝抑制试验(HI),免疫后3周以基因Ⅶd亚型NDV强毒株JS-5-05攻毒,攻毒后定期采血用于HI检测。结果显示:免疫后,该疫苗可有效诱导抗体的产生,并能提供较强的免疫保护。血清学测定数据显示:攻毒前,免疫组鸡血清对AI4株的HI平均效价低于2 log_2,但感染后第5、7天免疫组鸡血清对AI4株的HI平均效价可分别达4.3 log_2和9.4 log_2,而免疫未攻毒组对AI4株的HI效价仍低于2 log_2,根据血清对AI4株HI效价的变化可区分免疫动物和感染动物。因此,重组病毒rAI4-T4HNECD可用于新城疫标记疫苗的开发。  相似文献   

3.
为科学指导鸡新城疫基因Ⅶ型灭活标记疫苗（MG7株）的临床免疫剂量,通过测定免疫鸡HI抗体滴度和攻毒保护试验,进行了10日龄和30日龄SPF鸡最小有效免疫剂量的研究。动物实验使用10 μL、20 μL和40 μL三种不同免疫剂量,免疫疫苗后21 d检测HI抗体效价,10日龄SPF鸡001批次疫苗HI抗体平均效价依次为：4.8、6.2和6.5,攻毒保护率依次为80%、100%和100%,30日龄SPF鸡HI抗体平均效价依次为：5.0、6.3和6.5,攻毒保护率依次为70%、100%和100%,结果表明,新城疫灭活标记疫苗（MG7株）HI 抗体效价和保护效力呈正相关, 免疫剂量与HI 抗体效价和保护效力也呈正相关。用NDV基因Ⅶ型强毒G7株进行攻毒保护试验,两种日龄鸡在20 μL的免疫剂量下,疫苗仍能达到良好的免疫保护效果。  相似文献   

4.
鸡新城疫免疫鸡群强毒感染与HI抗体水平关系的研究   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  
应用RT-PCR方法对鸡新城疫4种不同免疫程序鸡群NDV强毒的感染进行监测。结果显示,鸡新城疫弱毒疫苗和油乳剂灭活疫苗同时接种的免疫鸡群NDV强毒的感染率最低。同时应用HA-HI试验对这4群鸡进行平行抽样检测其抗体效价,发现鸡群免疫水平整齐且平均HI效价在11 log2以上时,免疫鸡群基本不感染鸡NDV强毒。  相似文献   

5.
为研究鸡白细胞介素2对新城疫La Sota弱毒苗免疫效果的促进作用,纯化真核重组质粒pcDNAChIL-2,细胞转染验证后,将重组质粒分为0,5,10,20和30μg 5个剂量组,分别与LaSota弱毒苗同时免疫7日龄雏鸡,免疫后7d,每隔1周分离鸡血清,测量血清中NDV的HI效价.结果表明,混合注射有pcDNAChIL-2重组质粒雏鸡的NDV抗体产生的水平显著升高,其中以20和30μg剂量组最为明显,提示ChIL-2可有效促进La Sota弱毒苗的免疫效果.  相似文献   

6.
为快速获得鸽新城疫(ND)疫苗株,本研究构建了鸽NDV/Pi/CH/LHLJ/110822株反向遗传操作平台,拯救得到2株亲本病毒株r0822-21A、r0822-17A,以及1株F蛋白裂解位点突变为La Sota相应位点的病毒株r0822-FCS。HA/HI试验结果显示r0822-FCS毒力已致弱,将其灭活乳化后免疫SPF鸡可刺激其产生高滴度HI抗体。安全性评价试验结果显示其安全性良好,但接种14 d时SPF鸡的HI抗体滴度仅达3 log2,对基因Ⅶ型鸡源强毒CK/CH/HLJ/01/06攻毒保护率小于50%;免疫效力试验显示,r0822-FCS分别以10~5EID_(50)/0.1 mL、10~6EID_(50)/0.1 mL剂量接种14日龄SPF鸡,未检测到明显的抗体阳转。基因组测序分析结果显示,3株拯救病毒均在L基因的不同位置与新城疫病毒(NDV) V4株高度同源的外源基因片段重组,推测在实验条件下的细胞内拯救病毒过程中,病毒L基因与辅助质粒中的L基因发生了随机同源重组。综上所述,本研究获得的r0822-FCS株作为弱毒疫苗效果不佳,但可作为鸽ND灭活疫苗候选株。此外,本研究首次报道了反向遗传操作实验条件下,NDV基因组与V4株辅助质粒之间发生了基因重组,且L基因是决定病毒复制的关键基因。此次基因重组现象应为实验条件下的偶发事件,其机制和风险尚需后继实验研究分析。  相似文献   

7.
为评估新城疫-禽流感(H9亚型)-禽腺病毒病(Ⅰ群,4型)三联灭活疫苗的免疫效力,采用该疫苗分别免疫7、14、21日龄的SPF雏鸡和商品雏鸡,免疫后21 d采血测定新城疫病毒(NDV)HI、H9亚型禽流感病毒(H9 AIV)HI及禽腺病毒(FAdV)中和抗体,并用禽腺病毒(Ⅰ群,4型)强毒攻击。结果显示:免疫后各不同日龄免疫组SPF雏鸡的NDV HI、H9 AIV HI及FAdV中和抗体效价分别为8.2 log_2～8.5 log_2、8.8 log_2～9.6 log_2和9.7 log_2～10.3 log_2,FAdV攻毒保护率均达到100%(10/10);21日龄SPF鸡免疫后3个月,试验鸡NDV HI、H9 AIV HI及FAdV中和抗体分别达7.2 log_2、7.8 log_2和11.3 log_2,FAdV攻毒保护率均为100%(10/10);不同日龄免疫组普通雏鸡NDV HI、H9 AIV HI及FAdV中和抗体效价分别为6.7 log_2～7.6 log_2、7.9 log_2～8.7 log_2和9.8 log_2～10.3 log_2,FAdV攻毒保护率均达到100%(10/10)。表明该疫苗可对不同日龄SPF雏鸡和商品雏鸡产生良好的免疫力,对雏鸡免疫持续期达3个月。  相似文献   

8.
为了解经鸡胚感染携带J亚群禽白血病病毒(ALV-J)的雏鸡体内ALV-J对新城疫(ND)弱毒疫苗(La Sota株)免疫的抑制作用以及疫苗免疫后增强ALV-J对雏鸡致病作用的可能性,随机选择50个SPF鸡胚经卵黄囊接种模拟ALV-J感染,同时选取等量SPF鸡胚以相同方式接种PBS作为对照。出雏后于接毒组和对照组各取20只SPF鸡在7日龄时免疫ND弱毒疫苗(La Sota株)。2～6周龄时,记录各组鸡的体重和免疫器官指数,并对雏鸡的NDV抗体水平和血液ALV-J病毒载量进行动态检测。结果显示,感染ALV-J的SPF鸡5、6周龄时体重显著低于PBS对照组(P0.05),而感染ALV-J再免疫新城疫弱毒疫苗后SPF鸡体重进一步降低(P0.05);与PBS对照组相比,6周龄时感染ALV-J的SPF雏鸡胸腺萎缩和脾脏肿大(P0.05),免疫新城疫弱毒疫苗后胸腺和脾脏损伤加剧(P0.05);3、4周龄时感染ALV-J再免疫ND弱毒疫苗组的雏鸡NDV抗体水平极显著低于仅免疫ND弱毒疫苗组(P0.01);4周龄时免疫弱毒疫苗后的SPF鸡血液中ALV-J病毒载量高于未免疫组(P0.01)。研究表明,感染ALV-J的雏鸡在免疫ND弱毒疫苗(La Sota株)后增强了ALV-J对SPF雏鸡的致病作用,提示净化种源的重要性。  相似文献   

9.
用四批鸭胚尿囊液?羊水混合制备的鸡产蛋减少综合症油乳剂灭活疫苗,分别免疫35日龄非免疫鸡,每羽鸡肌肉注射0.5 mL,不定期采血,连续检测HI抗体的动态变化.这四批疫苗免疫后,10d均可产生坚强的免疫力(HI效价为7.5log2),到第30天血清中HI效价达到高峰(10.7log2),直到第180天,其HI效价仍为8.3log2?免疫后30 d用强毒攻击,观察15d,免疫组未见异常表现?而对照鸡于攻毒后第10天,产蛋下降,出现软壳蛋,说明四批疫苗对eds-76均有良好的保护性.  相似文献   

10.
作者旨在探讨鸡痘病毒ORF073或ORF214基因缺失后,在母源抗体存在情况下对重组病毒免疫效力的影响。将构建好的在ORF073或ORF214基因插入H5亚型AIV HA基因的重组鸡痘病毒(rFPVLP-△73LRH5A、rFPVLP-△214LRH5A)及单表达H5亚型AIV HA基因的重组鸡痘病毒(rFPVLP-12LSH5A)分别免疫SPF鸡和商品鸡,检测重组疫苗诱导的免疫效力。结果:3种重组鸡痘病毒在SPF鸡产生较高的HI抗体效价及100%的免疫保护;在HI母源抗体效价为2.45的商品鸡体内基因缺失株重组病毒比rFPVLP-12LSH5A易于清除,抗体上升缓慢而且免疫28 d后HI抗体效价较低,免疫保护率低,分别为16.7%和23.3%;在母源HI抗体效价为0的商品鸡体内基因缺失株重组病毒免疫后产生的抗体效价高,免疫28 d后分别达到3.50和3.17。结果表明在商品鸡体内母源抗体影响下,缺失ORF073或ORF214基因的重组鸡痘病毒的免疫效力降低。  相似文献   

11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。  相似文献   

12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes. But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia.  相似文献   

13.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

14.
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.  相似文献   

15.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

16.
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded.  相似文献   

17.
The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of different tumor types within a large cohort of cats with intracranial neoplasia and to attempt to correlate signalment, tumor size and location, and survival time for each tumor. Medical records of 160 cats with confirmed intracranial neoplasia evaluated between 1985 and 2001 were reviewed. Parameters evaluated included age, sex, breed, FeLV/FIV status, clinical signs, duration of signs, number of tumors, tumor location(s), imaging results, treatment, survival times, and histopathologic diagnosis. Most of the cats were older (11.3 +/- 3.8 years). Primary tumors accounted for 70.6% of cases. Metastasis and direct extension of secondary tumors accounted for only 5.6 and 3.8% of cases, respectively. Twelve cats (7.5%) had 2 or more discrete tumors of the same type, whereas 16 cats (10.0%) had 2 different types of intracranial tumors. The most common tumor types were meningioma (n = 93, 58.1%), lymphoma (n = 23, 14.4%), pituitary tumors (n = 14, 8.8%), and gliomas (n = 12, 7.5%). The most common neurological signs were altered consciousness (n = 42, 26.2%), circling (n = 36, 22.5%), and seizures (n = 36, 22.5%). Cats without specific neurological signs were common (n = 34, 21.2%). The tumor was considered an incidental finding in 30 (18.8%) cats. In addition to expected relationships (eg, meninges and meningioma, pituitary and pituitary tumors), we found that lesion location was predictive of tumor type with diffuse cerebral or brainstem involvement predictive of lymphoma and third ventricle involvement predictive of meningioma.  相似文献   

18.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

19.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host.  相似文献   

20.
Comparison of different tests to diagnose feline infectious peritonitis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号