共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 841 毫秒
1.
《农产品加工．学刊》2016,(21)
为了实现金针菇采后完全利用、提升金针菇采后价值,以金针菇菇根为试材,采用冻融辅助超声波法提取金针菇菇根中的蛋白质。在单因素试验和组合试验基础上,选取冻融次数、料液比、超声功率、超声时间为提取工艺因素,以蛋白提取得率为指标,通过正交试验优化得到的最佳提取工艺参数为冻融次数3次,料液比1∶8,超声功率700 W,超声时间11 min,在此最佳工艺条件下的蛋白提取得率为1.31%。冻融辅助超声波提取为纯物理提取方法,整个提取中无任何化学添加,提取工艺安全环保,具有良好的实际推广价值。 相似文献
2.
以柚子皮为原料,采用超声辅助酶法提取柚子皮中水溶性膳食纤维,探讨料液比、加酶量、超声时间对提取率的影响。在单因素试验的基础上,通过正交试验优化工艺条件,并对其抗氧化活性进行研究。结果表明,超声辅助酶法提取柚子皮水溶性膳食纤维的最佳工艺条件为:加酶量400μL,料液比1∶16(g/m L),超声时间25 min,在该工艺条件下的平均提取率为4.67%。浓度为2 mg/m L的柚子皮水溶性膳食纤维对超氧阴离子自由基和羟自由基的清除率分别为(11.72±1.41)%和(40.79±4.06)%,对铁的还原能力为(0.128 3±0.004 7)mmol/g,表现出较好的抗氧化活性。 相似文献
3.
采用纤维素酶水解法提取大豆皮果胶,在单因素试验基础上,通过正交试验优化酶法提取大豆皮果胶的最佳工艺条件,并分析测定大豆皮果胶的理化性质。结果表明,酶法提取大豆皮果胶的最佳工艺条件为:料液比1∶15(g/m L),加酶量2%,提取温度50℃,缓冲液p H 4.6,提取时间150 min;在此提取条件下,大豆皮中果胶物质的平均提取率为7.2%。经鉴别试验和相关理化性质测定,酶法提取的大豆皮果胶具有GB 25533—2010规定的果胶凝胶特征,总半乳糖醛酸含量为71.2%,酯化度为57.2%,属于高甲氧基果胶。 相似文献
4.
为优化酶法-超声波提取葛根中葛根素的工艺条件,以单因素试验为基础,采用Plackett-Burman试验得出液料比、乙醇体积分数、超声时间、超声温度为葛根素提取的4个影响显著的因素;利用最陡爬坡试验,使结果接近最大响应值;最后运用Box-Behnken试验对葛根素提取工艺进行响应面优化。结果表明,葛根中葛根素提取的最佳工艺条件为:纤维素酶添加量0.4%,酶解时间70 min,液料比30∶1(mL/g),乙醇体积分数52%,超声时间31 min,超声温度64℃;在此工艺条件下葛根素得率为8.78 mg/g。以上结果说明,Plackett-Burman试验联合Box-Behnken分析能较好地优化酶法-超声波提取葛根中葛根素的工艺条件。 相似文献
5.
采用微波辅助水酶法提取黑芝麻油脂,研究液料比、微波处理功率、微波处理时间、酶的种类、酶添加量、酶解pH、酶解温度、酶解时间对黑芝麻油脂得率的影响,在单因素试验基础上,通过正交试验优化黑芝麻油脂的最佳提取工艺条件。结果表明,微波辅助水酶法提取黑芝麻油脂的最佳工艺条件为:液料比7∶1(mL/g),微波处理功率400 W,处理时间4 min,碱性蛋白酶的添加量0.10%(以黑芝麻粉计),pH 8.0,酶解温度50℃,酶解时间2 h。在此条件下,黑芝麻油脂得率可达207.43 g/kg,所提取出来的黑芝麻油呈淡黄色,液体气味清香,质地柔滑而不黏手,呈稳定均一的状态。 相似文献
6.
高宇萍 《农产品加工．学刊》2013,(10)
采用胶体磨对香蕉皮中的膳食纤维进行处理,研究料液比、 pH值、温度、胶体磨齿间隙对膳食纤维水合性质的影响。通过单因素试验和正交试验,确定胶体磨最佳处理条件是料液比1∶2, pH值10,温度40℃,齿间隙10μm;测得的膳食纤维水合性质为水溶性12%,持水力9.78 g/g,膨胀力17.73 mL/g。 相似文献
7.
8.
以黑龙江小麦麸皮为原料,通过碱法和酶法处理制备阿魏酸,研究阿魏酸的提取工艺条件。通过正交试验,分别确定了碱法和酶法制备阿魏酸最佳工艺条件为:碱法温度80℃,时间3 h,料液比1:20,细度120目,碱液质量分数1.5%;酶法料液比1:6,温度40℃,pH值为5.5,时间120 min。碱法与酶法协同处理小麦麸皮提取的阿魏酸质量分数达5.2 mg/g。 相似文献
9.
以圣女果为原料,采用超声波辅助提取法提取圣女果中的番茄红素,在单因素试验的基础上,通过正交试验对该提取工艺进行优化,同时利用清除DPPH·法和·OH法评价圣女果番茄红素的抗氧化活性。结果表明,超声波辅助提取圣女果番茄红素的最佳工艺条件为:以体积比为7∶1的乙酸乙酯-丙酮溶液为提取剂,料液比1∶7(g/m L),超声功率280 W,超声温度70℃,超声时间50 min。在该工艺条件下,番茄红素提取量为63.2μg/g。圣女果番茄红素对DPPH·和·OH具有较强的清除能力,且与番茄红素浓度呈明显的量效关系,表明圣女果番茄红素具有强的抗氧化活性,可作为一种天然抗氧化剂。 相似文献
10.
黑枸杞总黄酮微波辅助提取及其抗氧化活性研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以总黄酮提取率为考察指标,通过单因素试验与正交试验,研究了影响黑枸杞总黄酮微波辅助提取的因素条件,优化了提取工艺,同时以2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚(BHT)为阳性对照,利用1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼自由基(DPPH·)与羟基自由基(·OH)清除法评价黑枸杞总黄酮的抗氧化活性。结果表明,乙醇浓度对黑枸杞总黄酮微波辅助提取有显著影响,黑枸杞总黄酮最佳提取工艺条件为:60%乙醇为提取剂,料液比1∶25(g/m L),微波时间14 min,微波功率325 W。该提取工艺条件下,黑枸杞总黄酮提取率为4.35%。黑枸杞总黄酮与BHT对DPPH·的IC50分别为0.64 mg/m L和1.30 mg/m L,对·OH的IC50分别为0.40 mg/m L和1.68 mg/m L,表明黑枸杞总黄酮具有很强的抗氧化活性。 相似文献
11.
Biological Activity and Quantification of Suspected Allelochemicals from Alfalfa Plant Parts 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
Autotoxicity restricts reseeding of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) after alfalfa until autotoxic chemical(s) breaks down or is dispersed into external environments. A series of aqueous extracts from leaves, stems, roots and seeds of alfalfa ‘Vernal’ were bioassayed against alfalfa seedlings of the same cultivar to determine their autotoxicity. The highest inhibition was found in the extracts from the leaves. Extracts at 40 g dry tissue l?1 from alfalfa leaves were 15.4, 17.5 and 28.7 times more toxic to alfalfa root growth than were those from roots, stems and seeds, respectively. A high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis with nine standard compounds showed that the concentrations and compositions of allelopathic compounds depended on the plant parts. In leaf extracts that showed the most inhibitory effect on root growth, the highest amounts of allelochemicals were detected. Among nine phenolic compounds assayed for their phytotoxicity on root growth of alfalfa, coumarin, trans‐cinnamic acid and o‐coumaric acid at 10?3 m were most inhibitory. The type and amount of causative allelochemicals found in alfalfa plant parts were highly correlated with the results of the bioassay, indicating that the autotoxic effects of alfalfa plant parts significantly differed. 相似文献
12.
C. J. Spurr D. A. Fulton P. H. Brown R. J. Clark 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2002,188(4):275-280
Development of onion (Allium cepa L., cv. ‘Early Cream Gold’) seed under cool climate conditions in Tasmania, Australia occurred over a longer duration than previously reported, but similar patterns of change in yield components were recorded. In contrast to previous studies, umbel moisture content declined from 85 to 67 % over 57 days while seed moisture content decreased from 85 to 31 %. Seed yield continued to increase over the duration of crop development, with increasing seed weight compensating for seed loss resulting from capsule dehiscence in the later stages of maturation. Germination percentage was high and did not vary significantly from 53 to 77 days after full bloom (DAF), but mean germination time declined and uniformity of germination increased significantly over the same time period. The percentage abnormal seedlings declined with later harvest date, resulting in highest seed quality at 77 DAF. The results of this study suggest that the decision to harvest cool climate onion seed crops before capsule dehiscence will result in a loss of potential seed yield and quality. 相似文献
13.
Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans. 相似文献
14.
G. H. Kroon 《Euphytica》1994,76(1-2):125-125
Summary
K x vadensis is a hybrid of K. blossfeldiana and K. marmorata obtained after doubling the number of chromosomes. 相似文献
15.
Hongyan WEI Jian ZHOU Jinguang LU Jingzheng SONG Qiongxi YU Zhihong JIANG 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):27-29
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol... 相似文献
16.
Summary Avoidance of rust fungi that was based on poor appressorium induction was previously found in Hordeum chilense. In the present study 95 accessions of Triticeae were screened for avoidance of Puccinia hordei. The percentage of appressorium formation per germinated spore ranged from 6 to 90%. On none of the 41 accessions of Aegilops, Agropyron, Elymus, Secale, Thinopyrum or Triticum studied was the rate of appressorium formation lower than 25%. Lower rates of appressorium formation were, however, found on accessions of wild barley species Hordeum brachyantherum, H. marinum, H. parodii and H. secalinum. Its implications in cereal breeding are discussed. 相似文献
17.
Summary Reactions of 13 grasses to Meloidogyne naasi varied with species; ryegrasses, fescues and their hybrids were generally susceptible and cocksfoot and timothy resistant. Marked variation in host resistance levels occurred between genotypes within cultivars.Selection of single plants, followed by tests on replicate tillers, identified resistant and susceptible genotypes in both Italian and perennial ryegrass cultivars. Resistant plants had few nematode-induced galls and fewer females and eggs than susceptibles. There was more or less continuous variation, with many genotypes intermediate between extremes of resistance and susceptibility. Selected resistant and susceptible genotypes are of use in assessing variation in nematode populations and as controls for breeding and selection programmes. 相似文献
18.
W. Erskine M. Tufail A. Russell M. C. Tyagi M. M. Rahman M. C. Saxena 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):127-135
Lentil production is limited by lack of moisture and unfavorable temperatures throughout its distribution. Waterlogging and salinity are only locally important. Progress has been made in breeding for tolerance to drought through selection for an appropriate phenology and increased water use efficiency and in breeding for winter hardiness through selection for cold tolerance.The diseases rust, vascular wilt, and Ascochyta blight, caused by Uromyces viciae-fabae, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lentis, and Ascochyta fabae f. sp. lentis, respectively, are the key fungal pathogens of lentil. Cultivars with resistance to rust and Ascochyta blight have been released in several countries and resistant sources to vascular wilt are being exploited. Sources of resistance to several other fungal and viral diseases of regional importance are known. In contrast, although the pea leaf weevil (Sitona spp.) and the parasitic weed broomrape (Orobanche spp.), and to a lesser extent the cyst nematode (Heterodera ciceri), are significant yield reducers of lentil, no sources of resistance to these biotic stresses have been found. Directions for future research in lentil on both biotic and abiotic stresses are discussed. 相似文献
19.
D. A. Bond G. J. Jellis G. G. Rowland J. Le Guen L. D. Robertson S. A. Khalil L. Li-Juan 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):151-166
Progress is being made, mainly by ICARDA but also elsewhere, in breeding for resistance to Botrytis, AScochyta, Uromyces, and Orobanche; and some lines have resistance to more than one pathogen. The strategy is to extend multiple resistance but also to seek new and durable forms of resistance. Internationally coordinated programs are needed to maintain the momentum of this work.Tolerance of abiotic stresses leads to types suited to dry or cold environments rather than broad adaptability, but in this cross-pollinated species, the more hybrid vigor expressed by a cultivar, the more it is likely to tolerate various stresses. 相似文献
20.
Chunli TANG Fengxian ZHAO Hongxia CHEN Jiabao MA Jiangcun WEI Meiyan QIU Zhen XIE 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):60-65
[Objectives]To optimize the water extraction process of Chinese Herbal Compound Man Gan Ning and establish a method for its extraction and content determination... 相似文献