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本试验在固定Ｐ、Ｋ肥下，研究有无农家肥［Ｆ１（１５００ｋｇ／亩），Ｆ０（０ｋｇ／亩）］下不同施Ｎ量（０，２．５，５．０，７．５ｋｇ／亩）对马铃薯（品种疫不加）生长发育、矿物质营养吸收及产量品质的影响。结果表明：随施Ｎ量增加，叶面积、茎叶生长量、净同化率及块茎膨大速率也增加，Ｎ７．５处理明显优于Ｎ２．５及Ｎ０处理。施Ｎ增加了Ｎ的吸收，特别是Ｎ７．５处理，对Ｐ、Ｋ的影响不大，同时，也增加了Ｎ、Ｐ、Ｋ的转运率。有农家肥时增强了上述作用。最高产量施Ｎ为７．５ｋｇ／亩。Ｎ７．５Ｆ０处理鲜产为１６０４．９８ｋｇ／亩，Ｎ７．５Ｆ１处理为１６１３ｋｇ／亩。Ｆ０时Ｎ肥的产量效应方程为Ｙ＝１２９０．１４＋７４．３Ｘ，Ｆ１时效应方程为Ｙ＝２６１９．８７０＋７６．２３４Ｘ－２．４０Ｘ２（Ｘ从０→７．５ｋｇ／亩）。且随施Ｎ增加，淀粉含量有下降趋势，而淀粉产量逐渐增加，Ｎ５．０Ｆ１处理的淀粉产量为１７８．５１ｋｇ／亩。 相似文献
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甜菜氮磷钾肥效应与土壤肥力的关系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
依１９８６～１９９３年试验结果建立的二次多项式回归方程，探讨了甜菜氮磷钾肥需要量及其效应与土壤肥力的关系。结果为：获得最高块根产量和最高纯经济效益的施氮量分别为９．４１ｋｇ／亩和７；６８ｋｇ／亩。在最高纯经济效益施氮量下，平均每公斤氮增加块根５１．９ｋｇ，降低含糖率（０．１０＋０．００２８ｘ＿１一０．００５４ｘ＿２一０．０７４ｘ＿５）度，其中ｘ＿１、ｘ＿２和ｘ＿５分别为土壤碱解氨、有效磷和有机质含量。获得最高块根产量和最高纯经济效益施Ｐ＿２Ｏ＿５量分别为（一２５．６一０．１４０ｘ＿２＋５．０４ｘ＿４）ｋｇ／亩和（一２７．８一０．１４０ｘ＿２＋５．０４ｘ＿４）ｋｇ／亩（ｘ＿４为土壤ｐＨ值）。在最高纯经济效益施磷量下，平均每公斤Ｐ＿２Ｏ＿５增加块根（一６２．３一０．３７２ｘ＿２＋１３．４０ｘ＿４）ｋｇ，提高块根含糖率（０．６３＋０．００２０ｘ＿１一０．０７７ｘ＿４一０．０９０ｘ＿５）度。当土壤有效Ｋ＿２Ｏ含量大于１１０．６ｍｇ／ｋｇ土时，钾肥没有显著增产作用，只是有增产趋势；钾肥的增糖作用显著，每亩每公斤Ｋ＿２Ｏ提高含糖率０．００１４ｘ＿２度。 相似文献
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为确定生化有机肥对玉米增产的适宜用量,试验设３个基施用量,以常规施肥方法）基施磷酸二铵１５０ｇｋ／ｈｍ＾２）为对照。结果表明,基施生化有机肥３７５～６００ｋｇ／ｈｍ＾２,产值可增加７．０％～１７．４％。从产量结果看,基施生化有机肥７５ｋｇ／ｈｍ＾２,可以替代基施磷酸二铵１５０ｋｇ／ｈｍ＾２。使用生化有机肥不仅可以部分代替化肥,具有改良土土壤作用。 相似文献
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四川盆地杂交玉米单作密肥措施研究 总被引：23，自引：1，他引：22
试验采用二次回归正交旋转组合设计,对四川盆地杂交玉米单作栽培的４项密肥措施,即密度、氦肥、氮肥、磷肥、钾肥４因素进行研究。结果表明,密度对玉米产量影响最大;与马之间存在着显著的互作效应;产量〉６５００ｋｇ／ｈｍ＾２的优化栽培措施为：种植密度为５５２２２．５￣５６９２５．０株／ｈｍ＾２,施尿素５３９．１￣６０８．６ｋｇ／ｈｍ＾２,施磷肥,施钾肥为２７３．７￣３０５．４ｋｇ／ｈｍ＾２。 相似文献
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本文对纸筒育苗移栽甜菜的４ 因素二次通用旋转试验设计结果进行了模糊处理， 即首先对根产量和含糖率指标进行了模糊量化合成， 再以上述两个指标的合成值与密度（ ｘ１） 、Ｎ（ ｘ２） 、Ｐ２ Ｏ５（ ｘ３） 、Ｋ２ Ｏ（ ｘ４） 施用量建立４ 因素对合成值的回归模型。对模型寻优结果表明，当密度在７９９２０ 株／ｈｍ２ ，施肥量分别为Ｎ １４１．５／ｈｍ２ 、Ｐ２ Ｏ５ １６２．５ｋｇ／ｈｍ２ 、Ｋ２Ｏ ５８ ．４ｋｇ／ｈｍ２ 时可获最高的根产量和含糖；模糊合成值与４ 因素关联度分析结果表明，其顺序为Ｒ１（ 密度） ＞ Ｒ３（Ｐ２Ｏ５） ＞ Ｒ２（ Ｎ） ＞ Ｒ４（Ｋ２ Ｏ） ，说明密度与根产量关系最为密切， 其次为施磷肥量。生产上应首先考虑建立一个合理的群体结构，然后增施磷肥，做到Ｎ、Ｐ、Ｋ 肥合理搭配，才能获得较高的产量与含糖 相似文献
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不同施氮量对马铃薯的影响 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
本试验在固定Ｐ，Ｋ肥下，研究有农家肥［Ｆ１（１５００ｋｇ／亩），Ｆｏ（ｏｋｇ／亩）］下不同施Ｎ量（０，２．５，５．０，７．５ｋｇ／亩）对马铃薯（品种疫不加）生长发育，矿物质营养吸收及产量品质的影响。结果表明：随施Ｎ量增加，叶面积，茎叶生长量，净同化率及块茎膨大速率也增加，Ｎ７．５处理明显优于Ｎ２．５及Ｎｏ处理。施Ｎ增加了Ｎ的吸收，特别是Ｎ７．５处理，对Ｐ，Ｋ的影响不大，同时，也增加了Ｎ，Ｐ，Ｋ的转 相似文献
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《Journal of Cereal Science》2007,45(3):236-251
Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified. 相似文献
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Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：5
Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified. 相似文献
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概述了海峡两岸农业交流与合作的现状,提出了应该共同呼吁尽快实现两岸“三通”,开放农业生物技术图书期刊资料交流以及开放生物学科方面网络的思路,以便为农业交流与合作的顺畅开展打好基础,并寄希望能够就糖蔗、果蔗以及甘蔗笋等方面的研究与开发到台湾学习取经,开展学术交流或与台湾同行共同开展研究,为我省甘蔗业的发展作出贡献。 相似文献
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种子加工、检验理论与技术现状及思考 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
种子加工及检验是种子向市场流通的关键，是商业化育种中赋予种子商品属性不可或缺的环节。种子加工、检验理论与技术的研究是完善种业产业链、实现规模化商业育种、夯实“育繁推一体化”种业科学的重要一环。中国的种业科学技术体系正在形成与完善之中，受制于行业发展水平，种子加工及检验理论与技术相对薄弱。本文回顾了种子加工及检验理论与技术研究发展历程，提出了完善中国种业科学发展的策略与建议。围绕种业发展的需要，在做好品种优质化繁育的基础上，分析种子加工及检验理论与技术的新方向和新需求，加强种业应用性研究，建立先进的种子质量检验体系，研制适合现代种业发展需求的种子加工设备，打造种子加工产业标准化生产体系，完善种业科学技术学科建设，促进种业产业持续健康发展。 相似文献
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Summary Between 1993 and 1998 205 different potato cultivars and 1220 accessions/genotypes of wild and cultivated potato species from
the IPK Genebank Gatersleben were evaluated. Parameters interesting for starch isolation and especially for the use of starch
were determined. Altogether, there was a higher variability in wild potato species than in cultivated potatoes for all characteristics
investigated: dry matter content, starch content, protein content, amylose content and mean particle diameter of starch granules. 相似文献
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In field experiments conducted over 2 years in Mediterranean conditions, five winter and five spring triticales were evaluated for forage and grain production in the same cropping season. The experiments had two treatments, namely harvesting for grain only, and dual-purpose forage and grain production. In the latter treatment, forage was cut when the first node was detectable (Zadoks' stage 31), without removing the apical meristems. Grain was harvested when ripe (Zadoks' stage 92) in both cut and uncut plots.
Environmental conditions affected grain production and protein content more than forage yield and quality. Winter triticales yielded about 43% more forage than spring types, but after forage removal the spring types yielded about 36% more grain than winter triticales.
Reductions in grain yield after clipping were more pronounced in winter (32%) than in spring (19%) types. Forage crude protein content was significantly higher in the spring types studied (24.6%) than in the winter types (23.5%), the opposite being true for fibre content (20.7 and 21.6% respectively). Grain crude protein content did not differ between grain and dual-purpose treatments, but was higher in the spring triticales (12.8%) than in the winter types (11.9%). There was more variability for the measured traits within the winter triticales studied than within the spring types. 相似文献
Environmental conditions affected grain production and protein content more than forage yield and quality. Winter triticales yielded about 43% more forage than spring types, but after forage removal the spring types yielded about 36% more grain than winter triticales.
Reductions in grain yield after clipping were more pronounced in winter (32%) than in spring (19%) types. Forage crude protein content was significantly higher in the spring types studied (24.6%) than in the winter types (23.5%), the opposite being true for fibre content (20.7 and 21.6% respectively). Grain crude protein content did not differ between grain and dual-purpose treatments, but was higher in the spring triticales (12.8%) than in the winter types (11.9%). There was more variability for the measured traits within the winter triticales studied than within the spring types. 相似文献
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种子加工及检验是种子向市场流通的关键,是商业化育种中赋予种子商品属性不可或缺的环节。种子加工、检验理论与技术的研究是完善种业产业链、实现规模化商业育种、夯实"育繁推一体化"种业科学的重要一环。中国的种业科学技术体系正在形成与完善之中,受制于行业发展水平,种子加工及检验理论与技术相对薄弱。本文回顾了种子加工及检验理论与技术研究发展历程,提出了完善中国种业科学发展的策略与建议。围绕种业发展的需要,在做好品种优质化繁育的基础上,分析种子加工及检验理论与技术的新方向和新需求,加强种业应用性研究,建立先进的种子质量检验体系,研制适合现代种业发展需求的种子加工设备,打造种子加工产业标准化生产体系,完善种业科学技术学科建设,促进种业产业持续健康发展。 相似文献
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ZHU Mingdong WEI Xiangjin XIE Hongjun TANG Guohua ZENG Xiaoshan WANG Jianlong HU Peisong YU Yinghong 《中国水稻科学》2019,33(5):401-406
Seed processing and testing hold the key to the market circulation of seeds, and are an indispensable link in commercial breeding to endow seeds with commodity attributes. The research of seed processing and testing theory and technology is an important link in improving the seed industry chain, realizing large-scale commercial breeding and consolidating the seed industry science of ‘integration of breeding, propagation and promotion’. The scientific and technological system of seed industry in China is being formed and perfected, which is subject to the development level of the industry. The theory and technology of seed processing and testing are relatively weak. We reviewed the development of seed processing and testing theory and technology, and put forward strategies and suggestions to improve the sound development of China’s seed industry. In order to meet the needs of seed industry development and on the basis of high quality breeding of varieties, the new directions and demands of seed processing and testing theory and technology were analyzed. We will work to strengthen the applied research of seed industry, establish advanced seed quality inspection system, improve seed processing equipment suitable for the development needs of modern seed industry, establish standardized production system of seed processing industry, develop the scientific and technological disciplines of seed industry, and promote the sustainable and healthy development of seed industry. 相似文献
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