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1.
基于FSHβ、ESR和PRLR基因功能位点的报道,将3个基因作为母猪产仔数性状的候选基因进行多态性检测与关联分析,旨在为猪繁殖性状分子遗传标记提供参考。本研究采用PCR-RFLP技术检测了淮猪新品系母猪FSHβ、ESR和PRLR基因的多态性及其对初产仔数的影响,并分析了多基因合并基因型对初产仔数的聚合效应。结果表明,FSHβ基因在该猪群中分布处于哈德-温伯格不平衡状态,ESR和PRLR基因分布处于哈德-温伯格平衡状态;FSHβ、ESR和PRLR基因的A等位基因对繁殖性状均具有正的加性效应;FSHβ、ESR基因的AA基因型为该猪群的优良基因型,两基因的AA型个体比BB型个体分别提高产仔数1.54（P＞0.05）和2.13头（P＜0.01）,分别提高产活仔数1.55（P＞0.05）和1.82头（P＜0.01）;PRLR基因AB型个体产仔数比AA型和BB型个体分别提高0.77（P＜0.05）和1.59头（P＜0.05）,产活仔数分别提高0.65（P＜0.05）和1.8头（P＜0.01）;合并基因型与产仔数的关系表明,以FSHβ、ESR和PRLR基因AAAABB型的总产仔数最高（14.5头）。在种猪选育时提高FSHβ、ESR的A等位基因频率以提高产仔数,PRLR基因是否能应用于淮猪新品系选育中,仍需进一步研究。  相似文献   

2.
本研究采用PCR-RFLP方法对苏太猪的ESR基因PvuⅡ位点多态性进行检测,并分析其与繁殖性能间的关系。结果表明,ESR基因的3种基因型AA、AB、BB在苏太猪中的频率分别为0.089、0.570、0.341;其中在初产母猪中,AA基因型个体的产活仔数（NBA）和初生窝重（BLW）显著高于AB、BB 基因型的个体（P<0.05）;在经产母猪中,AA基因型个体的总产仔数（TNB）及断奶成活数（NW）显著高于AB和BB基因型的个体（P<0.05）,AA和AB 基因型与BB 基因型之间的断奶窝重（WWL）差异显著（P<0.05）;总体上苏太猪ESR基因PvuⅡ 3种基因型个体的繁殖性状存在AA>AB>BB的趋势。  相似文献   

3.
猪产仔数分子标记效应的比较分析和基因互作的研究   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  
比较分析了4个产仔数分子标记(ESR、ESRB、PRLR、FSHRB)及其基因效应，初步探讨了基因间相互作用。初步筛选出有利于产仔数提高的分子标记为ESR基因位点的基因型BB、FSHRB位点的基因型BB、PRLR基因位点的基因型AA、ESRB的基因型AA。不利于产仔数提高的分子标记为ESR基因位点的基因型AA、PRLR基因位点的基因型BB、FSHRB位点的基因型AA、位点ESRB的基因型BB。基因间互作不显著。  相似文献   

4.
《畜牧与兽医》2014,(6):71-74
统计了沈阳地区引进猪种长白、大白和杜洛克的产仔数记录,并采用PCR-RFLP方法检测三品种猪PRLR和RBP4基因的多态性,分析2个基因对各品种产仔数的影响。结果表明,在3个猪群内PRLR和RBP4基因都存在AA、AB和BB 3种基因型,各基因均处于遗传平衡状态,3个种群处于中度多态,具有较丰富的遗传多态性;单基因分析表明,PRLR与RBP4各基因型对3个品种的总产仔数影响均不显著(P>0.05),PRLR的优良基因型是BB型,而RBP4的优良基因型是AB型;合并基因型分析表明BBAB为有利基因型,AABB为不利基因型,长白、大白各基因型产仔数差异显著(P<0.05),而杜洛克差异不显著(P>0.05),合并基因型的遗传效应显著高于单基因型效应。  相似文献   

5.
苏太猪ESR基因多态性及其与繁殖性能的关联分析   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  
本研究采用PCR-RFLP方法对苏太猪的ESR基因PvuⅡ位点多态性进行检测,并分析其与繁殖性能间的关系。结果表明,ESR基因的3种基因型AA、AB、BB在苏太猪中的频率分别为0.089、0.570、0.341;其中在初产母猪中,AA基因型个体的产活仔数(NBA)和初生窝重(BLW)显著高于AB、BB基因型的个体(P0.05);在经产母猪中,AA基因型个体的总产仔数(TNB)及断奶成活数(NW)显著高于AB和BB基因型的个体(P0.05),AA和AB基因型与BB基因型之间的断奶窝重(WWL)差异显著(P0.05);总体上苏太猪ESR基因PvuⅡ3种基因型个体的繁殖性状存在AAABBB的趋势。  相似文献   

6.
宋成义 《猪业科学》2006,23(8):54-55
采用PCR-RFLP，PCR-DSCP技术分析了苏太猪雌激素受体基因（ESR）和促卯泡素β亚基基因（FSHD）的基因型对断奶存活率（LW）的影响。结果表明：ESR基因在初产母猪中，LW在ESR基因BB基因型和AA、AB基因型间存在显著的差异（P〈0．05），且BB基因型〉AB基因型〉AA基因型。FSHβ各基因型，在初产母猪和经产母猪中对LW的影响均不显著（P〉0.05）。合并基因型对初产和经产母猪LW的影响显著（P〈0．05），在初产母猪中，BBBB．AABB．ABBB基因型为优秀的合并基因型，且合并基因型的遗传效应高于各个基因效应的简单加和。  相似文献   

7.
宋成义 《猪业科学》2006,23(8):54-55
采用PCR-RFLP,PCR-DSCP技术分析了苏太猪雌激素受体基因(ESR)和促卵泡素β亚基基因(FSH β)的基因型对断奶存活率(LW)的影响.结果表明:ESR基因在初产母猪中,LW在ESR基因BB基因型和AA、AB基因型间存在显著的差异(P＜0.05),且BB基因型＞加基因型＞AA基因型.FSH β各基因型,在初产母猪和经产母猪中对LW的影响均不显著(P＞0.05).合并基因型对初产和经产母猪LW的影响显著(P＜0.05),在初产母猪中,BBBB、AABB、ABBB基因型为优秀的合并基因型,且合并基因型的遗传效应高于各个基因效应的简单加和.  相似文献   

8.
研究分析了大白、长白和杜洛克3个品种ESR和FSH-β基因的多态性及单基因、多基因合并与产活仔数的关系。结果表明:ESR和FSH-β基因在3个品种中均检测到AA、AB和BB 3种基因型,且A基因为优势基因型。ESR和FSH-β基因在3个品种中,产活仔数具有按照基因型AA、AB、BB递增的趋势,BB型个体产活仔数显著高于AA和AB型(P0.05),BB型为优良基因型。合并基因型在3个品种中,BBBB型产活仔数均显著高于其他合并基因型(P0.05),为最优合并基因型,AAAA为最劣合并基因性;合并基因型效应显著(P0.05),且高于单基因效应。因此,可以将这2个基因通过分子标记辅助选择或分子标记辅助选配的方法应用到猪的生产实践中,以提高猪的产仔数。  相似文献   

9.
为了分析辽宁种猪ESR和FSHβ基因多态性及其与产仔性状的关系,试验提取猪耳组织DNA,用PCR-RFLP技术分析辽宁种猪ESR和FSHβ基因多态性,并分析基因型与产仔数的相关关系。结果发现:种猪ESR和FSHβ基因可见多态性,且与猪的产仔数显著相关。荷包猪ESR基因各基因型对产仔数影响大小依次为BB、AB、AA,与大白、长白、杜洛克猪群ESR各基因型对产仔数的影响相同;荷包猪种群中FSHβ基因各基因型对产仔数影响大小依次为AA、AB、BB,而在大白、长白、杜洛克猪群中,各基因型对产仔数影响大小依次为BB、AB、AA。说明荷包种猪群体ESR和FSHβ基因可见多态性,且与猪的产仔数显著相关,荷包猪与外来种猪基因型对产仔数影响不同。  相似文献   

10.
试验旨在探讨催乳素受体(prolactin receptor,PRLR)基因遗传多态性及其与松辽黑猪、长白猪繁殖性状的关联性。采用PCR-RFLP方法对松辽黑猪和长白猪PRLR基因第10外显子进行了多态性检测,并运用最小二乘法分析各基因型对母猪繁殖性能的遗传效应。结果表明,两个猪种中都存在A、B 2个等位基因和AA、AB、BB 3种基因型,松辽黑猪和长白猪等位基因A的频率分别0.551和0.578,A为优势基因。两个猪种的AA基因型个体的断奶仔猪数、乳头数都显著高于其他两个基因型(P＜0.05),初产松辽黑猪AA基因型个体的TNB、NBA显著高于其他基因型(P＜0.05),对其他繁殖性状影响不显著,但呈现出AA＞AB＞BB的趋势。  相似文献   

11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。  相似文献   

12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes. But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia.  相似文献   

13.
Tropical Animal Health and Production -  相似文献   

14.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

15.
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed.  相似文献   

16.
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.  相似文献   

17.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

18.
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded.  相似文献   

19.
The objective of this report was to characterize 20-year changes in proportion of calcium oxalate (CaOx) calculi and struvite calculi in dogs, and associations with breed, age, and sex. In this retrospective study, results of analysis of urinary calculi from dogs were reviewed for specimens received between July 1, 1981, and December 31, 2001. Breed, sex, age, year of submission of the specimen, and mineral type(s) were analyzed statistically. CaOx or Struvite or both were contained in 18,966 of 20,884 (91%) specimens. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant increase was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained CaOx. The increase in this proportion was greater in females (1% to 31%) than in males (18% to 82%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions may have plateaued, the odds of specimens containing CaOx were markedly higher in 18 breeds, markedly lower in 5 breeds, and not significantly different in 13 breeds compared with crossbreds. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant decrease was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained struvite. This decrease in proportion was greater for males (79-16%) than for females (97-68%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions plateaued, the odds of calculi containing struvite were markedly lower in 20 breeds, markedly higher in 1 breed, and not significantly different in 15 breeds when compared with crossbreds. Breed, age, and sex were associated statistically with CaOx or struvite urolithiasis. In conclusion, there appears to have been a long-term increase in the proportion of specimens of canine urinary calculi that contain CaOx as well as a long-term decrease in the proportion of specimens of calculi that contain struvite for both male and female dogs. The rate of change appeared to begin leveling off in the period 1998 to 2001. The recent proportion of dogs with either CaOx- or struvite-associated urolithiasis may depend on breed, age, and sex, and on interactions among these 3 factors.  相似文献   

20.
The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of different tumor types within a large cohort of cats with intracranial neoplasia and to attempt to correlate signalment, tumor size and location, and survival time for each tumor. Medical records of 160 cats with confirmed intracranial neoplasia evaluated between 1985 and 2001 were reviewed. Parameters evaluated included age, sex, breed, FeLV/FIV status, clinical signs, duration of signs, number of tumors, tumor location(s), imaging results, treatment, survival times, and histopathologic diagnosis. Most of the cats were older (11.3 +/- 3.8 years). Primary tumors accounted for 70.6% of cases. Metastasis and direct extension of secondary tumors accounted for only 5.6 and 3.8% of cases, respectively. Twelve cats (7.5%) had 2 or more discrete tumors of the same type, whereas 16 cats (10.0%) had 2 different types of intracranial tumors. The most common tumor types were meningioma (n = 93, 58.1%), lymphoma (n = 23, 14.4%), pituitary tumors (n = 14, 8.8%), and gliomas (n = 12, 7.5%). The most common neurological signs were altered consciousness (n = 42, 26.2%), circling (n = 36, 22.5%), and seizures (n = 36, 22.5%). Cats without specific neurological signs were common (n = 34, 21.2%). The tumor was considered an incidental finding in 30 (18.8%) cats. In addition to expected relationships (eg, meninges and meningioma, pituitary and pituitary tumors), we found that lesion location was predictive of tumor type with diffuse cerebral or brainstem involvement predictive of lymphoma and third ventricle involvement predictive of meningioma.  相似文献   

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