共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 265 毫秒
1.
2.
我国过去养鹅,大多参照美国和前苏联的饲养标准。这些标准是根据美国和前苏联的饲养条件制定,并且数据大都非常陈旧,已经不适应我国鹅的饲养。近年来,我国鹅养殖量不断增加,规模也在逐渐加大,迫切需要制定鹅的饲养标准。1材料与方法1.1试验设计试验以能量和蛋白质为因子,日粮的蛋白质设为20.0%、18.0%2个水平;能量设为11.29、11.70、12.12MJ/kg3个水平。试验动物为0～4周龄莱茵鹅420只(公鹅300只,母鹅120只),分成6组,每组5重复,每个重复14只。试验日粮组成及营养水平见表1。1组2组3组4组5组6组麸皮(%)7.8--12.66.2-豆粕(%)27.628.534222426… 相似文献
3.
探索用稻谷替代日粮中玉米作为鹅的能量来源对鹅生产性能和养分利用的影响.选择96只28日龄合浦狮头鹅,随机分为4个处理组,对照组(玉米组)、试验1组(稻谷替代对照组35%的玉米)、试验2组(稻谷替代对照组55%的玉米)、试验3组(稻谷替代对照组75%的玉米),每组3个重复,每重复8只鹅(公母各半),试验期42 d.结果表明,各组平均日增质量分别为53.15、49.66、48.28和49.08 g,随着稻谷替代量的增加,增质量有下降趋势,但组间差异不显著;鹅对干物质、粗蛋白、能量及磷等养分的利用率显著下降;各试验组鹅的胴体肉用性能除了腹脂率明显下降外,其他指标无明显差异;稻谷对血清参数无显著影响;用稻谷代替玉米饲喂鹅使经济效益有不同程度的下降. 相似文献
4.
《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2016,(18)
为了探索在日粮中添加女贞子粉对0~4周龄皖西白鹅肠道p H值及消化酶活性的影响,试验选用1日龄健康、体重一致的皖西白鹅180只,采用单因子试验设计,随机分为3组,即基础日粮组(Ⅰ组)、0.5%女贞子粉组(Ⅱ组)、1.0%女贞子粉组(Ⅲ组),每组3个重复,每个重复20只。试验期28 d。试验结束,每个重复随机取4只试验鹅,颈静脉放血处死,分离各段肠道,测定肠道消化酶活性及其内容物p H值。结果表明:在日粮中添加女贞子粉可降低试验鹅小肠各段p H值,但差异不显著(P0.05);女贞子粉可显著提高试验鹅十二指肠淀粉酶活性(P0.05),但对其他肠道淀粉酶及小肠蛋白酶活性没有显著影响(P0.05)。说明在日粮中添加女贞子粉能够影响鹅肠道p H值和部分消化酶的活性。 相似文献
5.
6.
7.
《中国饲料》2020,(15)
为研究饲料中添加不同水平的复合中草药多糖提取物对籽鹅产蛋性能及蛋品质的影响,采用单因素随机设计试验,将600只产蛋期籽鹅随机分成4组,每组3个重复,每个重复50只,1组饲喂基础日粮为对照组,试验2、3、4组分别在基础日粮中添加1.0%、1.5%、2.0%的复合中草药多糖提取物,预饲期7 d,试验期56 d。结果表明:(1)试验2、3、4组的产蛋率、商品合格率、日均采食量均高于1组(P 0.05),试验3、4组的平均蛋重较1组比分别提高6.1%、4.3%(P 0.05),试验3、4组的料蛋比较1组比分别降低13.1%、12.8%(P 0.05);(2)试验3、4组蛋壳强度、蛋壳厚度较1组比分别提高9.2%、7.7%、5.5%、5.2%(P 0.05),试验2、3、4组的哈夫单位、蛋形指数、蛋黄颜色均高于1组(P 0.05)。综上,不同水平的复合中草药多糖提取物添加可以提高籽鹅产蛋性能及蛋品质,以添加1.5%为适宜。 相似文献
8.
《中国饲料》2020,(19)
为研究在基础日粮中添加不同水平的草粉对鹅产蛋性能、蛋品质及经济效益的影响,试验选择200只体重、产蛋水平相似的产蛋期白罗曼鹅,随机分成4组,每组10个重复,每个重复5只,1组饲喂基础日粮为对照组,试验2、3、4组分别在基础日粮中添加2.0%、4.0%、8.0%的草粉,预饲期7 d,试验期56 d。结果表明:(1)试验3、4组的平均蛋重较1组比分别提高9.07%、6.31%(P 0.05),料蛋比较1组比分别降低21.02%、17.42%(P 0.05),试验2、3、4组的产蛋率和商品合格率均高于1组(P 0.05);(2)试验3、4组哈夫单位、蛋壳厚度较1组比分别提高13.25%、12.93%、5.47%、5.30%(P 0.05),试验2、3、4组的蛋壳强度、蛋形指数、蛋黄颜色均高于1组(P 0.05);(3)试验3、4组白罗曼鹅的利润较1组相比分别增长38.46%、36.84%。综上所述,在基础日粮中添加不同水平的草粉可以提高白罗曼鹅产蛋性能、蛋品质及经济效益,以添加4.0%较为适宜。 相似文献
9.
本试验旨在研究饲粮粗蛋白质(CP)和代谢能(ME)水平对1～3周龄四川白鹅生长性能及氮和能量平衡的影响.采用3×3双因素试验设计,设3个ME水平(12.86、12.13、11.43MJ/kg)和3个CP水平(23％、20％、17％),配制9种试验饲粮.选择540只体重相近、健康的1日龄四川白鹅,随机分成9组,每组4个重复,每个重复15只.试验期为21 d.结果表明:1)随着饲粮CP水平的升高,试验鹅的末重、平均日增重、每克增重消耗CP量显著(P＜0.05)或极显著(P＜0.01)升高,料重比、每克增重消耗ME量显著(P＜0.05)或极显著(P＜0.01)降低.饲粮CP和ME水平的互作对试验鹅每克增重消耗的CP量和每克增重消耗的ME量有极显著的影响(P＜0.01).2)试验鹅的氮利用率随饲粮CP水平的升高极显著降低(P＜0.01);试验鹅的食入总能(GE)、ME、GE代谢率随饲粮ME水平增加极显著降低(P＜0.01).研究结果提示,1～3周龄四川白鹅适宜CP水平为20％,适宜ME水平为11.43 MJ/kg. 相似文献
10.
不同开食时间对扬州鹅早期生长发育的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本试验选用480只出壳时间集中在4 h内的0日龄扬州鹅雏鹅,随机分为A、B、C、D 4组,每组4个重复,每个重复30只,开食时间分别设置为出壳后12、24、36 h和48 h,研究不同开食时间对雏鹅生长发育的影响.结果表明,0～4周龄A组鹅体重显著高于D组(P＜0.05);从总体趋势看,A组和B组的饲料报酬高;D组消化器官和其他内脏器官(心脏、肝脏、胰腺)的重量均呈现出低于其余3组的趋势;免疫器官指数(脾脏指数和腔上囊指数)整体出现先上升到14日龄达到峰值后再下降的趋势.到28日龄时B组最大.因此建议雏鹅开食时间不宜晚于36h. 相似文献
11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。 相似文献
12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections
of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal
(GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April
2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs
located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming
areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology
laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum
columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying
degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal
abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy
season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different
nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those
observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes.
But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the
results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. 相似文献
13.
Tropical Animal Health and Production - 相似文献
14.
Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
15.
H Hayashi T Yoshimura J Y Chen 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1985,8(2):73-87
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed. 相似文献
16.
Davis MS Willard MD Nelson SL Mandsager RE McKiernan BS Mansell JK Lehenbauer TW 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(3):311-314
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large. 相似文献
17.
B. Cinar Kul N. Bilgen J.A. Lenstra O. Korkmaz Agaoglu B. Akyuz O. Ertugrul 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2015,132(6):449-453
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded. 相似文献
18.
Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
19.
Ling GV Thurmond MC Choi YK Franti CE Ruby AL Johnson DL 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):817-823
The objective of this report was to characterize 20-year changes in proportion of calcium oxalate (CaOx) calculi and struvite calculi in dogs, and associations with breed, age, and sex. In this retrospective study, results of analysis of urinary calculi from dogs were reviewed for specimens received between July 1, 1981, and December 31, 2001. Breed, sex, age, year of submission of the specimen, and mineral type(s) were analyzed statistically. CaOx or Struvite or both were contained in 18,966 of 20,884 (91%) specimens. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant increase was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained CaOx. The increase in this proportion was greater in females (1% to 31%) than in males (18% to 82%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions may have plateaued, the odds of specimens containing CaOx were markedly higher in 18 breeds, markedly lower in 5 breeds, and not significantly different in 13 breeds compared with crossbreds. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant decrease was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained struvite. This decrease in proportion was greater for males (79-16%) than for females (97-68%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions plateaued, the odds of calculi containing struvite were markedly lower in 20 breeds, markedly higher in 1 breed, and not significantly different in 15 breeds when compared with crossbreds. Breed, age, and sex were associated statistically with CaOx or struvite urolithiasis. In conclusion, there appears to have been a long-term increase in the proportion of specimens of canine urinary calculi that contain CaOx as well as a long-term decrease in the proportion of specimens of calculi that contain struvite for both male and female dogs. The rate of change appeared to begin leveling off in the period 1998 to 2001. The recent proportion of dogs with either CaOx- or struvite-associated urolithiasis may depend on breed, age, and sex, and on interactions among these 3 factors. 相似文献
20.
<正>1.INTRODUCTION Ensuring transportation network security is one Of the most daunting challenges confronting homeland security agencies today.Significant research has been dedicated.To model and analyze the vulnerability of transportation systems,while notably fewer studies propose specific strategies for deploying defensive technologies to safeguard these systems. 相似文献