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1.
为研究胰岛素样生长因子-1(IGF-1)和胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白-3(IGFBP-3)在血液中的含量及其与胴体和肉质表型指标的相关性,采用ELISA技术检测了丫杈猪、乌金猪、成华猪、雅南猪和藏猪血液中IGF-1和IGFBP-3的含量,同时测定了肌纤维直径和眼肌面积。结果显示:藏猪肌纤维直径最小,且显著低于丫杈猪、乌金猪、成华猪和雅南猪(P<0.05);丫杈猪和乌金猪的眼肌面积极显著高于藏猪(P<0.01),显著高于成华猪(P<0.05);血液中丫杈猪的IGF-1含量极显著地低于乌金猪、雅南猪和藏猪(P<0.01),乌金猪、成华猪和雅南猪的IGF-1含量极显著地低于藏猪(P<0.01);丫杈猪的IGFBP-3含量极显著地高于雅南猪和藏猪(P<0.01),乌金猪的IGFBP-3在血液中的含量显著地高于雅南猪和藏猪(P<0.05);相关性分析显示,肌纤维直径与IGF-1呈显著负相关(r=-0.51,P<0.05),眼肌面积与IGFBP-3呈显著正相关(r=0.57,P<0.05)。结果表明:可以通过调控IGF-1和IGFBP-3含量来调控猪的胴体品质和肉质。 相似文献
2.
试验选用雅南猪３０头，长雅猪３３头，总群体共６３头，品种内试验猪均分为５个组，２０千克上试，体重达５０千克时分别喂给添加了克喘素剂量为１，３，５，１０ｐｐｍ的饲粮，体重９０千克结束肥育试验，饥饿２４小时后进行屠宰测定。结果得出：总体群中１，３，５，１０ｐｐｍ和对照组的胴体瘦肉率分别是４９．５９％，４９．１９％，５１．０６％，４９．７２％和４５．４９％，胴体脂肪率分别是２７．１０％，２８．２０％，２ 相似文献
3.
《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2018,(23)
为了研究巴克夏猪与地方猪种的杂交效果,试验将巴克夏猪分别与6个地方猪种(成华猪、雅南猪、青峪猪、内江猪、丫杈猪和乌金猪)杂交,测定了360头杂交猪的肥育性能和180头杂交猪的胴体性能、肉质常规理化性能、滋味物质和挥发性风味物质。结果表明:巴克夏猪×丫杈猪的料重比和瘦肉率均极显著优于巴克夏猪×成华猪和巴克夏猪×青峪猪(P0.01),眼肌面积显著高于巴克夏猪×成华猪(P0.05)、极显著高于巴克夏猪×青峪猪(P0.01);巴克夏猪×雅南猪的肉色评分极显著低于巴克夏猪×丫杈猪、巴克夏猪×乌金猪和巴克夏猪×成华猪(P0.01),硬脂酸含量显著高于巴克夏猪×丫杈猪和巴克夏猪×乌金猪(P0.05)。说明巴克夏猪×成华猪和巴克夏猪×青峪猪杂交后代的胴体性能较差,巴克夏猪×雅南猪杂交的肉质风味较差,巴克夏猪×丫杈猪杂交综合性能最好。 相似文献
4.
不同品种猪肌肉组织心型脂肪酸结合蛋白基因的表达差异 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
用体重约100kg DLY杂交猪和雅南猪各5头，屠宰取骨骼肌和心肌样品，采用RT—PCR方法研究心型脂肪酸结合蛋白（H—FABP）基因在不同品种猪肌肉组织表达的差异。结果表明：H—FABP基因表达于猪的骨骼肌和心肌中，但是其在2种肌肉组织中的表达量不同，心肌中表达量极显著高于骨骼肌（P〈0．01）；心肌和骨骼肌H-FABP基因的表达量2品种猪差异不显著（P〉0.05），但无论是心肌还是骨骼肌雅南猪的表达量都高于DLY杂交猪。 相似文献
5.
四川6个地方猪种的育肥和胴体性能以及肉质和风味物质比较研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了研究四川地方猪的种质特性,本试验测定了成华猪、雅南猪、青峪猪、内江猪、丫杈猪和凉山猪6个纯种地方猪的肥育性能、胴体性能、肉质常规理化指标和代谢组(滋味物质和挥发性风味物质)相关肉质指标。结果:丫杈猪的日增重、料重比、屠宰率和眼肌面积均显著或极显著地优于成华猪(P<0.01或P<0.05),油酸+亚油酸和己醛+壬醛含量极显著高于成华猪和雅南猪(P<0.01);90 kg体重时的成华猪和雅南猪肌肉中硬脂酸极显著高于其他地方猪种(P<0.01),主要鲜味氨基酸含量则显著或极显著低于其他猪种(P<0.01或P<0.05),且两猪种背膘均随屠宰体重增加明显增厚(P<0.01或P<0.05)。研究结果表明,丫杈猪综合性能最好,而成华猪和雅南猪肉质风味相对较差,且通过提高屠宰体重方式并不能改善肉质。 相似文献
6.
猪脂肪细胞型脂肪酸结合蛋白基因Bsm Ⅰ位点多态性与肌内脂肪含量的相关研究 总被引：10，自引：1，他引：10
本研究利用PCR—RFLPs标记技术，对中国地方猪种雅南猪、大河猪、培育品种大河乌猪以及三元杂交群体DLY共113头个体的脂肪细胞型脂肪酸结合蛋白基因的内含子Ⅰ区域进行了分析研究，发现BsmⅠ酶切位点具有多态性，并分为3种基因型（即AA、BB和AB型），通过构建固定效应模型，分析了基因型与肌内脂肪含量的关系。结果表明：基因型从的肌内脂肪含量极显著的高于基因型AB和BB（P〈0．01）。 相似文献
7.
猪脂肪细胞型脂肪酸结合蛋白基因BsmI位点多态性与肌内脂肪含量的相关研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
本研究利用PCR-RFLPs标记技术,对中国地方猪种雅南猪、大河猪、培育品种大河乌猪以及三元杂交群体DLY共113头个体的脂肪细胞型脂肪酸结合蛋白基因的内含子Ⅰ区域进行了分析研究,发现BsmΙ酶切位点具有多态性,并分为3种基因型(即AA、BB和AB型),通过构建固定效应模型,分析了基因型与肌内脂肪含量的关系。结果表明:基因型AA的肌内脂肪含量极显著的高于基因型AB和BB(P<0.01)。 相似文献
8.
发酵全株玉米对生长育肥猪胴体性能和肉品质的影响 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为了弄清发酵全株玉米对生长育肥猪胴体性能和肉品质的影响,选取体重相近（45.34±0.56）的生长猪（杜×长×大）12头,随机分为2个处理。对照组,参考NRC（1998）生长育肥猪营养需要供给;试验组,分别在试验的1-4周、5-8周和9-12周,用55%、65%和75%发酵全株玉米等量替换对照日粮。结果表明：与对照组相比,试验猪屠宰率和瘦肉率显著提高（P<0.05）,背膘厚和皮厚显著降低（P<0.05）;胴体斜长和眼肌面积无显著差异（P>0.05）;并且,屠宰率提高0.62%,瘦肉率提高2.80%,胴体斜长提高0.72%;背膘厚降低了11.17%,皮厚降低6.40%,眼肌面积减少1.77%。试验猪背最长肌中粗蛋白质、干物质含量分别提高1.05%和2.89%,但差异均不显著（P>0.05）;粗脂肪含量显著降低1.62%（P<0.05）。玉米全株发酵添加到日粮中,能够改善生长育肥猪的胴体性能,提高肉品质。 相似文献
9.
不同基因型生长肥育猪可消化赖、蛋+胱、苏、色氨酸平衡模式研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
试验比较研究了平均体重(33.64±1.2)kg 的大白×长白生长猪与平均体重(32.5±0.8)kg 的雅南猪可消化赖、蛋 +胱、苏、色氨酸平衡模式。按照氨基酸(AA)部分扣除氮沉积比较法 ,分别用18头大长猪和18头雅南猪进行N平衡试验。每个N平衡试验均设6个处理组 ,即高蛋白基础饲粮组(BD)、低蛋白加合成氨基酸对照组(PC)、在PC基础上轮流将所研究的4种AA扣除25 %的其它4个试验组。每个处理设3个重复 ,每个重复1头猪。饲粮为玉米—豆粕—玉米蛋白粉型。所有饲粮等能(3.40McalDE/kg) ,基础饲粮CP与可消化Lys水平相应为161g/kg、5.28g/kg。试验期大长猪日喂料120g/kgW 0.75,雅南猪日喂料100g/kgW 0.75。试验结果表明 ,按单位代谢体重的N沉积与可消化AA摄入量计算 ,大长猪AA平衡比例为 :Lys100、Met +Cys49、Thr72、Trp19 ;雅南猪为 :Lys100、Met+Cys78、Thr76、Trp21。结果显示 ,饲粮可消化氨基酸平衡模式因猪的基因型不同而异。与外种猪比较 ,雅南猪需要比较高比例的蛋 +胱、苏氨酸和色氨酸。 相似文献
10.
猪H-FABP基因多态性及其与肌内脂肪含量的相关研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
旨在研究猪H-FABP基因的遗传多态性及其与肌内脂肪含量的遗传效应。利用PCR-RFLP(HinfⅠ、MspⅠ、HaeⅢ、Hinf*Ⅰ4种限制性内切酶)分子标记技术检测了中国地方猪种雅南猪、大河猪,培育品种大河乌猪以及杜洛克与长白和约克三元杂交商业群体共148头猪心脏型脂肪酸结合蛋白(H-FABP)基因5′-上游区和第二内含子的遗传变异,并利用固定效应模型分析了H-FABP基因在杜洛克与长白和约克三元杂交商业群体中对肌内脂肪含量的遗传效应。结果表明:(1)在HinfⅠ和MspⅠ位点上,所有4个猪群都存在多态;在HaeⅢ位点上,除雅南猪只出现单态外,其余3个猪群都出现多态;在Hinf*Ⅰ位点上,除杜洛克与长白和约克三元杂交商业群体出现多态外,其余3个猪群只表现单态。(2)4个位点对肌内脂肪含量的影响差异显著,各基因型肌内脂肪含量最小二乘均值关系即HhHH,bbBbBB,AaAA,DDDddd。结合H-FABP基因的生理功能和已有的研究结果来看,可在特定的群体中将其作为影响猪肌内脂肪含量的候选基因。 相似文献
11.
Yoshinori Hashizawa Masatoshi Kubota Motoni Kadowaki Shinobu Fujimura 《Animal Science Journal》2013,84(11):732-736
This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary vitamin E (VE) on broiler meat quality, especially focused on PSE (pale color, soft and exudative), under chronic heat stress (HS) conditions. Twenty‐eight‐day‐old female Ross broilers were kept in independent cages with a controlled temperature of 24°C (normal temperature: NT) or 30°C (high temperature: HT). The NT chickens were fed basal feed. The HT chickens were fed basal feed (HT) or VE (200 mg/kg) added feed (HT + E). Broilers were weighed and slaughtered at 38 days old. The breast muscle was removed immediately and then the samples were used for determination of meat color, pH, water holding capacity (WHC) and shear force value (SFV). Body weight gain and feed intake were significantly decreased in the HT and HT + E groups compared to the NT group. VE supplementation did not affect the growth performance. Chronic HS at 30°C for 10 days may cause deterioration of meat quality such as PSE. The effects of chronic HS on meat quality were most significant in the toughness of broiler breast meat. Supplementation of VE in broiler feed would be effective to prevent the extent of PSE on broiler meat by chronic HS. 相似文献
12.
Rheological characteristics of fresh and frozen PSE, normal and DFD chicken breast meat 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
1. Textural and rheological differences among broiler breast meat ranging from pale, soft and exudative (PSE) to dark, firm and dry (DFD) in their fresh and frozen (and thawed) forms were investigated. 2. The PSE meat showed significantly higher lightness values and lower pH and water holding capacity values than normal and DFD meats; DFD meat was also significantly different from normal meat. 3. During cooking, PSE meat lost significantly more liquid and produced a softer gel than normal or DFD meats; texture profile analysis parameters were lower for the PSE meat. 4. The storage modulus values (G', rigidity of elastic response of the gelling material) showed that DFD meat produced a more rigid gel during cooking (especially above 54 degrees C) and later during cooling (back to 30 degrees C) compared with the PSE meat. 5. Freezing resulted in a trend of lower G' values before, during and after cooking. The results indicated that meat proteins were damaged during freezing and PSE meat was more severely affected, or that more protein denaturation occurred in the PSE meat. 相似文献
13.
A bioassay was made on male SPS Norway rats of the Wistar strain to study the biological value of PSE meat protein in a ten-day trial. Pork meat of m. longissimus dorsi was denoted as PSE meat on the basis of low pH1 values, colour and water content. Raw meat and thermally treated meat was used for feeding (thermal treatment: 75 degrees C for 60 min). The biological value of altered meat (thermally treated products), expressed on the basis of PER, NPU and LPU values, draws attention to the difference from the biological value of normal meat. However, no such a difference was recorded in PSE meat administered in raw condition. 相似文献
14.
The occurrence of qualitative changes in meat was studied in a set of 1008 pigs slaughtered in four sanitation slaughter houses for the period of 12 months. PSE meat was found in 206 pigs (20.43 per cent) and DFD meat only in 9 pigs (0.89 percent) of the total number of pigs examined. The rule was applied that the defect should be demonstrated by two of three commonly used parameters (the pH value, colour and water loss by dripping). The highest occurrence of qualitative changes in meat of PSE type was registered in the group of animals with a defect of the respiratory organs (32.53 per cent) and the lowest in animals with diseases of sexual organs, including parturition complications (5.00 per cent). A similar trend was recorder even in the DFD meat occurrence. As to the seasons, the highest percentage of occurrence of PSE defects was in July and August (35.41 and 29.06 per cent) and the lowest (8.64 and 10.97 per cent) in March and January. The actual disease is proved to be only one of the secondary stress to induce the PSE meat formation. 相似文献
15.
克伦特罗在猪尿液和血液中残留消除相关性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对克伦特罗在喂药期和休药期猪尿液和血液中的残留规律和相关性进行了研究。选择10只健康猪(60kg±5.7kg)进行试验,在饲料中添加4mg/kg盐酸克伦特罗,连续饲喂15d后休药,参考NY/T468-2006方法监测喂药期和休药期尿样和血样中克伦特罗含量,研究其残留消除规律。试验结果表明,克伦特罗在喂药期间猪尿中平均含量为393～1131μg/L,血液中平均含量为6.8～22.1μg/L;停药后含量迅速下降,其中19d后猪尿平均含量为2.19μg/L,猪血液平均含量为0.49μg/L。同时尿液和血液中克伦特罗含量呈一定的正相关关系,喂药期相关系数为0.9385,休药期相关系数为0.9402。 相似文献
16.
M G Erlander J A Parliman D D Draper L L Christian L C Murrin R F Pfeiffer D C Beitz 《Journal of animal science》1985,61(4):914-923
The purpose of this research was to determine if chronic dietary L-DOPA supplementation will alter differentially the brain catechol concentrations, dopamine receptor binding (KD and Bmax) and the incidence of pale, soft and exudative (PSE) meat in stress-susceptible (SS) and stress-resistant (SR) pigs. Stress-susceptible and SR pigs were assigned randomly to these four groups: SS pigs as controls, SR pigs as controls, SS pigs with L-DOPA supplementation and SR pigs with L-DOPA supplementation. The experiment began when pigs weighed 23 kg and terminated when pigs weighed 95 kg. Anatomical brain structures removed at slaughter included hypothalamus, thalamus, cortex, cerebellum, olfactory bulb, caudate nucleus, putamen and substantia nigra. Concentrations of norepinephrine and dopamine were greater in the hypothalami of SS than of SR control pigs. The L-DOPA supplementation eliminated the strain differences of brain catecholamine concentrations. Pigs fed L-DOPA had greater concentrations of dihydroxyphenylacetic acid in six of the eight brain regions analyzed than the controls. Dopamine receptor binding (Bmax and KD) of spiroperidol was similar in all four groups of pigs. Pale, soft and exudative pork developed to the same extent in SS pigs with or without L-DOPA treatment. The results suggest that L-DOPA supplementation eliminates strain differences in brain catecholamine concentrations but does not alter PSE meat development or striatal dopamine receptor binding. 相似文献
17.
江西地方品种水牛产肉性能及肉品质分析研究 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
对18～24月龄鄱阳湖、峡江和信丰山地3个江西地方品种水牛各3头,进行肉用性能和牛肉主要营养养分的测定分析。结果表明,水牛肌肉肉色符合标准,且无PSE肉、DFD肉产生,符合优质肉牛标准;鄱阳湖水牛的胴体重、净肉重、胴体产肉率、Fe含量、Zn含量较高,显著高于信丰山地水牛（P<0.05）;鄱阳湖水牛18种氨基酸含量除酪氨酸外均高于其它2个地方品种,其中天门冬氨酸、谷氨酸、丝氨酸、脯氨酸、丙氨酸、亮氨酸及胱氨酸含量显著高于信丰山地水牛（P<0.05）,鲜味氨基酸、甜鲜味氨基酸含量显著高于信丰山地水牛（P<0.05）;牛肉脂肪酸中花生酸含量在品种间存在显著差异（P<0.05）,而其它各种脂肪酸含量、硬脂肪酸总含量和不饱和脂肪总含量在品种间均无显著差异（P>0.05）。 相似文献
18.
The purpose of the paper is to describe research carried out in Denmark in areas associated with PSE.In the carcass, meat colour is used as an expression of meat quality. Meat quality deteriorated until 1972 but has improved substantially during the last 6–7 years.The incidence of halothane susceptibility in the Danish Landrace breed is low. Approximately 60% of the halothane-susceptible pigs had PSE carcasses compared to 22% for the non-susceptible pigs. However, pigs heterozygous at the Hal locus are intermediate in meat quality, and elimination of the gene for halothane susceptibility will lead to a substantial improvement in meat quality. A proportion of halothane-susceptible pigs as well as heterozygous carriers can be detected indirectly by using the H blood group system alone or in combination with the PHI system. This is due to linkage disequilibrium between the three systems within the Danish Landrace breed. Use of the H and PHI systems and the halothane test in combination with full sib information on KK index may increase the genetic gain by 5–30%. However, a greater extra gain is easily obtained by a slight increase in selection intensity based on the KK index alone. Thus, it does not seem profitable to use blood and enzyme types or halothane test as a routine in selection against PSE under Danish conditions. In contrast, these tests are useful within herds with a high frequency of PSE. 相似文献
19.
The experimental materials comprised 44 hybrid [female (Polish Large White x Polish Landrace) x male Duroc] growing-finishing pigs. The animals were randomly divided into two groups: 24 pigs were slaughtered immediately after transport and 20 pigs were slaughtered after a 24-hour rest period in the lairage. The meat content of pork carcasses, carcass dressing percentage, the proximate chemical composition, physicochemical and sensory properties of meat and shear force values were determined. Serum creatine kinase activity and cortisol levels were determined in blood samples collected before transport and during carcass bleeding. Pigs slaughtered immediately after transport, compared with those slaughtered after a 24-hour rest period, were characterized by a higher meat content of the carcass and a higher carcass dressing percentage. Pre-slaughter handling had no effect on pork quality. The incidence of normal-quality meat, partially PSE (pale, soft, exudative) meat and PSE meat was similar in both groups. Chemical analysis showed that the content of dry matter, total protein, fat and minerals in meat was comparable in both groups. As regards the functional properties of the pork, samples from the carcasses of pigs that had rested before slaughter had a higher contribution of the red color component. Meat from pigs slaughtered immediately after transport had more desirable sensory properties. Pre-slaughter resting had a significant effect on those analyzed physiological parameters which were found to be good indicators of pre-slaughter stress. Serum creatine kinase activity and cortisol levels were higher in blood samples collected after transport (during carcass bleeding) than in samples collected before transport, pointing to a strong stress response of animals to pre-slaughter treatment. The decrease in serum cortisol levels in blood samples collected during bleeding from the carcasses of pigs slaughtered after a 24-hour rest period, compared with samples collected from animals slaughtered immediately after transport, suggests that rest before slaughter alleviated stress induced by pre-slaughter handling operations. 相似文献
20.
Side effects of clenbuterol as a repartitioning agent 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Clenbuterol, a synthetic beta-adrenergic agonist drug, can be used to increase the ratio of protein to fat in the carcase of meat animals. During the first one to three days of its administration to sheep or calves clenbuterol increased their heart rate, and in sheep it decreased blood pressure. Continued administration had no further effect on heart rate or blood pressure but in sheep dose levels above 1.5 mg/day depressed appetite for up to five days; at all dose levels clenbuterol brought about a long term increase in metabolic rate. 相似文献