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高钼对艾维茵肉鸡法氏囊细胞周期和凋亡影响分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
300只1日龄艾维茵肉鸡健雏随机分为4组,分别饲以对照日粮(Mo 13 mg.kg-1)和高钼日粮(Mo 500mg.kg-1,高钼Ⅰ组;Mo 1 000 mg.kg-1,高钼Ⅱ组;Mo 1 500 mg.kg-1,高钼Ⅲ组)6周,以实验病理学和流式细胞术的方法观察雏鸡法氏囊变化。结果,高钼Ⅱ、Ⅲ组法氏囊绝对质量和脏器指数显著低于对照组。组织学观察见法氏囊淋巴细胞减少,网状细胞增生。超微结构观察,淋巴细胞线粒体肿胀、嵴断裂,或见线粒体基质电子密度增高;凋亡淋巴细胞增多。流式细胞结果显示,28和42日龄时高钼Ⅱ、Ⅲ组法氏囊淋巴细胞G0/G1期显著升高(P0.01),S期、G2+M期和增殖指数(PI)显著降低(P0.01),同时凋亡率显著高于对照组(P0.01),TUNUL染色观察结果与流式细胞仪检测结果一致。结果表明,日粮钼含量为1 000及1 500 mg.kg-1时可抑制法氏囊生长发育。 相似文献
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高氟对雏鸡肝细胞周期和凋亡影响的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
选用300只1日龄Avian肉鸡健雏,随机分为4组,分别饲以对照日粮(F 23 mg·kg~(-1))和高氟口粮(F 400 mg·kg~(-1)>,Ⅰ组;F 800 mg·kg~(-1),Ⅱ组;F 1 200 mg·kg~(-1),Ⅲ组)42 d,第14、28、42天每组随机抽取5只,利用流式细胞术研究高氟对雏鸡肝细胞周期和凋亡的影响.结果显示:高氟Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组肝脏质最显著低于对照组(P<0.05),脏器指数显著高于对照组(P<0.05).流式细胞仪测定,14 日龄时高氟Ⅱ组和高氟Ⅲ组肝细胞G_0/G_1期极显著升高(P<0.01),S期、G_2+M期和增殖指数(PI)与对照组相比不同程度地降低;28和42日龄时高氟Ⅱ组和高氟Ⅲ组肝细胞G_0/G_1极显著降低(P<0.01),S期和PI值显著或极显著升高(P<0.05或P<0.01),G_2+M期无显著变化.14、28和42日龄时,高氟Ⅱ和Ⅲ组肝细胞同时凋亡率均极显著高于对照组(P<0.01).日粮含氟800及1 200 mg·kg~(-1)时可引起肝细胞增殖能力增强,凋亡细胞显著增多. 相似文献
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高氟对雏鸡肝脏抗氧化功能和超微结构的影响 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
为研究日粮氟添加水平对雏鸡肝脏抗氧化功能及超微结构的影响,作者选用1日龄Avian肉鸡健雏300只,随机分为4组,分别饲以对照日粮(F 23 mg·kg-1)和高氟日粮(F 400 mg·kg-1,Ⅰ组;F 800 mg·kg-1,Ⅱ组;F1200 mg·kg-1,Ⅲ组)42 d.结果表明:与对照组比较,高氟Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组雏鸡肝脏SOD、GSH-Px活性显著下降(P<0.01或P<0.05),MDA、NEFA含量显著升高(P<0.01或P<0.05).同时,高氟Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组雏鸡血清SOD、GSH-Px活性显著下降(P<0.01或P<0.05),MDA、NEFA含量显著升高(P<0.01或P<0.05).透射电镜下高氟Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组肝细胞线粒体肿胀,嵴断裂、消失,内质网扩张,胞质内糖原颗粒减少.日粮氟含量800～1200 mg·kg-1时可引起雏鸡肝脏抗氧化功能降低,损伤细胞膜性结构,导致肝脏功能受损. 相似文献
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本文旨在研究高钼对肉雏鸡胸腺的影响。300只1日龄艾维茵肉鸡健雏随机分为4组,分别饲以对照日粮(Mo13mg·kg-1)和高钼日粮(Mo500mg·kg-1,高钼Ⅰ组;Mo1000mg·kg-1,高钼Ⅱ组;Mo1500mg·kg-1,高钼Ⅲ组)6周,以实验病理学和流式细胞术的方法观察研究雏鸡胸腺变化。与对照组比较,高钼Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组胸腺淋巴细胞减少,胸腺小体增大增多,肌样细胞增多;胸腺绝对质量和脏器指数显著降低(P0.05或P0.01);流式细胞仪测定,高钼Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组胸腺细胞G0/G1期显著升高(P0.05或P0.01),S期、G2+M期和增殖指数(PI)显著降低(P0.05或P0.01),同时凋亡率显著高于对照组(P0.01)。TUNUL染色观察结果与流式细胞仪检测结果一致。结果表明,日粮钼含量500mg·kg-1及其以上可抑制胸腺的生长发育,导致雏鸡细胞免疫功能受损。 相似文献
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高钼对雏鸡肝脏和脾脏抗氧化功能的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
本文旨在观察日粮高钼(Mo)对雏鸡肝脏和脾脏抗氧化功能的影响。300只1日龄Avian肉鸡健雏随机分为4组,分别喂以对照日粮(Mo 13 mg.kg-1)和高钼日粮(Mo 500 mg.kg-1,高钼Ⅰ组;Mo 1 000 mg.kg-1,高钼Ⅱ组;Mo 1 500 mg.kg-1,高钼Ⅲ组)42 d。与对照组比较,高钼Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组雏鸡肝脏和脾脏超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)和黄嘌呤氧化酶(XOD)活性显著下降(P0.01),丙二醛(MDA)含量显著升高(P0.01);血清中相应酶活性和丙二醛含量变化与肝脏和脾脏中的一致。病理形态学观察,高钼组雏鸡肝细胞呈现不同程度的颗粒变性和空泡变性。流式细胞仪测定,高钼Ⅱ、Ⅲ组雏鸡脾脏细胞G0/G1期显著升高(P0.01),S期、G2+M期和增殖指数(PI)显著降低(P0.01)。结果表明,日粮钼含量1 000 mg.kg-1及其以上可引起肝脏和脾脏抗氧化功能降低,脾脏细胞增殖受阻。 相似文献
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300只1日龄健康Avian肉鸡随机分为4组,分别喂以对照组日粮(Mo 13 mg/kg)和高钼日粮(M0 500mg/kg,高钼Ⅰ组;M0 1 000 mg/kg,高钼Ⅱ组;Mo 1 500 mg/kg,高钼Ⅲ组)6周,于14,28,42日龄每天随机抽取5只以流式细胞术研究高钼对雏鸡肝脏细胞周期和凋亡的影响.结果显示:高钼Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组雏鸡体质量和肝脏质量显著低于对照组(P＜0.01或P＜0.05),脏器指数显著高于对照组(P＜0.01或P＜0.05).电镜下肝细胞内质网扩张,线粒体肿胀、空泡化.流式细胞仪测定,高钼Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组肝细胞G0/G1期极显著升高(P＜0.01),S期、G2+M期和增殖指数(PI)与对照组相比不同程度地降低;同时,高钼Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组肝细胞凋亡率均极显著高于对照组(P＜0.01).结果表明,日粮含钼1 000mg/kg及以上时可引起肝细胞分裂增殖能力受阻,凋亡细胞显著增多. 相似文献
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高铜对雏鸭法氏囊的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
选用1日龄天府肉鸭360只,随机分为6组,分别喂以对照日粮(Cu 8 mg/kg)和高铜日粮(Cu 100 mg/kg为高铜Ⅰ组,Cu 200 mg/kg为高铜Ⅱ组.Cu 400 mg/kg为高铜Ⅲ组.Cu 600 mg/kg为高铜Ⅳ组,Cu 800 mg/kg为高铜Ⅴ组)6周.与对照组比较,高铜Ⅲ组、高铜Ⅳ组、高铜Ⅴ组雏鸭法氏囊出现不同程度的病变,生长指数显著降低(P<0.05或P<0.01),淋巴细胞的静止期增长及增殖指数明显下降(P<0.05或P<0.01),淋巴细胞的调亡率显著升高(P<0.05或P<0.01);高铜Ⅰ组和高铜Ⅱ组雏鸭法氏囊上述指标变化不明显.结果表明,日粮铜含量高于400 mg/kg时,程度不同地抑制了雏鸭法氏囊的发育,可能导致雏鸭体液免疫功能受损. 相似文献
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300只1日龄艾维茵肉鸡随机分为4组,分别喂以对照日粮(F23mg/kg)和高氟日粮(F400mg/kg,高氟Ⅰ组;F800mg/kg,高氟Ⅱ组;F1200mg/kg,高氟Ⅲ组)6周。结果显示,与对照组比较,高氟Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组肾脏组织丙二醛(MDA)、游离脂肪酸(NEFA)含量显著升高(P0.01或P0.05),肾脏超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性显著降低(P0.01);同时,血清SOD和GSH-Px活性显著降低(P0.01或P0.05),MDA、NEFA显著升高(P0.01或P0.05)。结果表明,日粮氟含量400mg/kg及其以上可引起肾脏和血清抗氧化酶活性降低,抗氧化功能受损,肾脏组织自由基和过氧化产物产生过量,造成细胞损伤,终致肾脏功能降低。 相似文献
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高钼对艾维因肉鸡血清免疫球蛋白的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
300只1日龄艾维因肉鸡健雏随机分为4组,分别饲以对照日粮(Mo 13mg/kg)和高钼日粮(Mo 500mg/kg,高钼Ⅰ组;Mo 1 000mg/kg,高钼Ⅱ组;Mo 1 500mg/kg,高钼Ⅲ组)6周。病理形态学观察,高钼Ⅱ、Ⅲ组雏鸡法氏囊与对照组比较淋巴细胞减少,网状细胞增生。免疫比浊法测定,高钼Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组血清IgG和IgM含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01),IgA含量与对照组差异不显著(P>0.05)。结果显示,日粮钼水平为1 000mg/kg及其以上时,雏鸡法氏囊结构受损,日粮钼水平为500mg/kg及其以上时血清IgG和IgM含量降低,雏鸡体液免疫功能受损。 相似文献
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高氟致雏鸡肾脏病理学损伤和相关生化指标改变的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
300只1日龄艾雏菌内鸡随机分为4组,分别喂以对照日粮(F 23 mg/kg)和高氟日粮(F 400 mg/kg,高氟Ⅰ组;F 800 mg/kg,高氟Ⅱ组;F 1 200 mg/kg,高氟Ⅲ组)6周.与对照组比较,高氟Ⅲ组、高氟Ⅱ组雏鸡肾脏出现不同程度的病理损害,肾小管上皮细胞肿大颗粒变性和空泡变性,或见肾小管上皮细胞坏死,并与基膜脱离S超微结构观察,肾小管上皮细胞内质网扩张和线粒体肿大、嵴断裂或消失,核膜局部扩张呈囊泡状.同时,高氟Ⅲ组、高氟Ⅱ组肾脏氟含量、血清氟含量和血清肌酐含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01).结果表明,日粮氟含量800～1 200 mg/kg可致雏鸡肾脏病理损伤和相关生化指标改变,肾功能降低. 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献
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Billinghurst RC Brama PA van Weeren PR Knowlton MS McIlwraith CW 《American journal of veterinary research》2004,65(2):143-150
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether serum concentrations of biomarkers of skeletal metabolism can, in conjunction with radiographic evaluation, indicate severity of osteochondrosis in developing horses. ANIMALS: 43 Dutch Warmblood foals with varying severity of osteochondrosis. PROCEDURE: 24 foals were monitored for 5 months and 19 foals were monitored for 11 months. Monthly radiographs of femoropatellar-femorotibial and tibio-tarsal joints were graded for osteochondral abnormalities. Serial blood samples were assayed for 8 cartilage and bone biomarkers. At the end of the monitoring period, foals were examined for macroscopic osteochondrosis lesions. RESULTS: Temporal relationships were evident between certain serum biomarkers and osteochondrosis severity in foals during their first year. Biomarkers of collagen degradation (collagenase-generated neoepitopes of type-II collagen fragments, type-I and -II collagen fragments [COL2-3/4C(short)], and cross-linked telopeptide fragments of type-I collagen) and bone mineralization (osteocalcin) were positive indicators of osteochondrosis severity at 5 months of age. In foals with lesions at 11 months of age, osteochondrosis severity correlated negatively with COL2-3/4C(short) and osteocalcin and positively with C-propeptide of type-II procollagen (CPII), a collagen synthesis marker. Radiographic grading of osteochondrosis lesions significantly correlated with macroscopic osteochondrosis severity score at both ages and was strongest when combined with osteocalcin at 5 months and CPII at 11 months. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The ability of serum biomarkers to indicate osteochondrosis severity appears to depend on stage of disease and is strengthened with radiography. In older foals with more permanent lesions, osteochondrosis severity is significantly related to biomarker concentrations of decreased bone formation and increased cartilage synthesis. 相似文献