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微波真空干燥对香蕉片干燥特性及品质的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
为研究香蕉片微波真空干燥特性及品质,探讨了不同干燥因素对香蕉片干燥速率及品质的影响,在不同干燥温度（45、50、55、60℃）、微波功率密度（28、53、82W/g）、真空度（75、80、85、90kPa）及切片厚度（4、6、8、10mm）条件下对香蕉片进行微波真空干燥试验,并运用Weibull模型拟合了香蕉片微波真空干燥特性曲线。试验结果表明：随着干燥温度、微波功率密度及切片厚度的增加,干燥时间缩短;Weibull 分布函数能够较好地模拟香蕉片微波真空干燥过程,尺度参数α随干燥温度、微波功率密度和切片厚度的增加而降低,而干燥条件的变化对形状参数β影响甚微;色泽与干燥温度、微波功率密度、真空度及切片厚度均有关,干燥温度与真空度越高,色差越小,且随微波功率密度的上升而增大及切片厚度的增加呈先减小后增大的趋势;微波功率密度和切片厚度是影响复水比的主要因素,微波功率密度为28W/g、切片厚度为4~8mm时,干燥后的香蕉脆片复水性能较好。香蕉脆片的最佳干燥参数为干燥温度60℃、微波功率密度28W/g、真空度90kPa、切片厚度6mm,此条件下香蕉脆片酥脆度最佳,孔隙分布均匀一致。该研究探索了真空微波干燥技术下香蕉片的干燥特性和品质,为香蕉片微波真空干燥技术的应用提供了理论指导。 相似文献
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枸杞的微波干燥特性及其对品质的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为了缩短枸杞的干燥时间、节约干燥成本,运用微波试验装置,通过选择不用的干燥功率和物料铺放厚度,研究了枸杞微波干燥特性及其对干燥后产品品质的影响。研究结果表明:微波干燥作用于枸杞干燥降速干燥阶段可以大幅缩短枸杞干燥周期,微波组合干燥较自然晾晒缩短时间约65h,约占自然晾晒干燥周期的72%;干燥功率和物料层厚度是影响微波干燥时间的重要因素,微波功率越大,物料层厚度越小,则物料干燥时间越短;不同的微波干燥参数对干后产品品质有不同影响,微波功率为1k W,当物料层厚度平铺为2cm时,干燥后产品多糖保存率和感官品质最好。 相似文献
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为了解茶叶在微波真空干燥过程中水分的变化规律,以绿茶为原料,进行了微波真空干燥试验。通过绘制干燥曲线和失水速率曲线,研究相对压力、比功率对绿茶微波真空干燥特性的影响,并建立干燥动力学模型,量化比功率与干燥时间、含水率之间的关系。结果表明：绿茶微波真空干燥过程按失水速率快慢可分为加速和降速2个阶段,无明显恒速干燥阶段;随着相对压力降低,干燥时间缩短,但-80 kPa后继续降低相对压力对含水率变化影响不显著;比功率越大干燥时间越短;绿茶微波真空干燥的动力学模型满足Page方程,该模型可较好地描述含水率随干燥时 相似文献
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60Co γ辐照对胡萝卜干燥特性的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用60Co γ射线对胡萝卜进行辐照预处理,研究了辐照剂量、干燥温度、切片厚度三因素对干燥和温度特性的影响。结果表明：干燥速率和表面温度随着辐照剂量的升高而升高。对胡萝卜显微结构以及水分活度进行研究,发现经γ射线辐照处理后的胡萝卜细胞壁变薄出现断裂,液泡破裂,水分活度也随辐照剂量的增大而升高。这些变化是导致失水速率加快和温度特性变化的主要原因。另外,热风温度和切片厚度对干燥特性也有影响。热风温度越高,切片越薄,辐照后胡萝卜失水速率越快。 相似文献
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《中国农机化学报》2017,(9)
为提高干制香蕉片品质,提高干燥效率,应用热泵干燥技术干燥香蕉片。采用响应曲面法进行工艺参数的优化试验,研究干燥温度(X_1)、切片厚度(X_2)、铺料密度(X_3)3个因素对品质评分、复水比和干燥时间的影响,用线性加权法得出单目标方程,确定干燥工艺的最佳参数组合。结论如下:干燥温度和切片厚度对感官评分(Y_1)的影响非常显著(P0.01),温度在60℃左右,切片厚度4.5mm左右时,能获得较佳品质的香蕉片;切片厚度对复水比(Y_2)的影响非常显著(P0.01)。干燥温度和切片厚度对干燥时间(Y_3)的影响非常显著(P0.01),较高的干燥温度,较小的切片厚度能明显减少干燥时间。高品质、良好复水性,干燥效率高的最优参数组合为:干燥温度60℃、切片厚度3.5mm、铺料密度2.2kg/m~2,在此工艺条件下获得的干燥香蕉片品质评分为8.70,复水比为2.16,干燥时间为192.5min。 相似文献
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Overland water and salt flows in a set of rice paddies 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
E. Playn O. Prez-Coveta A. Martínez-Cob J. Herrero P. García-Navarro B. Latorre P. Brufau J. Garcs 《Agricultural Water Management》2008,95(6):645-658
Cultivation of paddy rice in semiarid areas of the world faces problems related to water scarcity. This paper aims at characterizing water use in a set of paddies located in the central Ebro basin of Spain using experimentation and computer simulation. A commercial field with six interconnected paddies, with a total area of 5.31 ha, was instrumented to measure discharge and water quality at the inflow and at the runoff outlet. The soil was classified as a Typic Calcixerept, and was characterized by a mild salinity (2.5 dS m−1) and an infiltration rate of 5.8 mm day−1. The evolution of flow depth at all paddies was recorded. Data from the 2002 rice-growing season was elaborated using a mass balance approach to estimate the infiltration rate and the evolution of discharge between paddies. Seasonal crop evapotranspiration, estimated with the surface renewal method, was 731 mm (5.1 mm day−1), very similar to that of other summer cereals grown in the area, like corn. The irrigation input was 1874 mm, deep percolation was 830 mm and surface runoff was 372 mm. Irrigation efficiency was estimated as 41%. The quality of surface runoff water was slightly degraded due to evapoconcentration and to the contact with the soil. During the period 2001–2003, the electrical conductivity of surface runoff water was 54% higher than that of irrigation water. However, the runoff water was suitable for irrigation. A mechanistic mass balance model of inter-paddy water flow permitted to conclude that improvements in irrigation efficiency cannot be easily obtained in the experimental conditions. Since deep percolation losses more than double surface runoff losses, a reduction in irrigation discharge would not have much room for efficiency improvement. Simulations also showed that rice irrigation performance was not negatively affected by the fluctuating inflow hydrograph. These hydrographs are typical of turnouts located at the tail end of tertiary irrigation ditches. In fact, these are the sites where rice has been historically cultivated in the study area, since local soils are often saline-sodic and can only grow paddy rice taking advantage of the low salinity of the irrigation water. The low infiltration rate characteristic of these saline-sodic soils (an experimental value of 3.2 mm day−1 was obtained) combined with a reduced irrigation discharge resulted in a simulated irrigation efficiency of 60%. Paddy rice irrigation efficiency can attain reasonable values in the local saline-sodic soils, where the infiltration rate is clearly smaller than the average daily rice evapotranspiration. 相似文献
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车用发动机润滑油失效规律与更换周期研究 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
研究在正常使用条件下１０Ｗ／３０－ＱＣ级润滑油用于某型车用发动机时所表现的失效规律,确认期服从两参数Ｗｅｉｂｕｌｌ分布,并给出分布的尺度参数η和形状参数ｍ之最佳线性无偏估计（ＢＬＵＥ）同时,还为定量分析,计算车用发动机润滑油的使用可靠性和合理确定其更换周期提供了一套可供借鉴的方法,并给出了具体的计算实例。 相似文献
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赵国杰 《农业机械化与电气化》2011,(4):106-107
乡（镇）农技推广体系是农业发展的关键。介绍朝阳市农业技术推广体系的现状,针对目前体制及运行机制、服务手段等方面存在的问题,提出适合朝阳市乡（镇）农技推广体系改革与发展的对策,以期对全省农技推广体系改革和发展起到一些借鉴作用。 相似文献
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苑庆刚 《农业机械化与电气化》2010,(3):52-54
草莓果味酸甜爽口,营养价值高,为人们所喜爱的应市鲜果之一。由于草莓易受损伤和微生物侵染,因此其采收、贮藏过程极为重要。介绍草莓采收过程中的注意事项以及11种贮藏保鲜技术的实施步骤和操作方法,推介9种加工方式,为草莓产业化提供技术支持。 相似文献
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对引进的谷子新品种金谷子耐旱TG118进行品种比较试验和多点试种。结果表明：该品种抗旱、耐瘠、适应性强,稳产、高产、抗病抗风抗倒伏强,品质优良,粮草兼用,种植简单,省工易管;一般产量在6000kg/hm2以上,比当地主栽品种增产20%以上。最高产量达9450kg/hm2,适于在辽西北地区推广应用。 相似文献
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对《种子法》存在问题的探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
李鹏 《农业机械化与电气化》2011,(6):129-130
《种子法》是我国种植业第一部法律。自实施以来,为依法加强种子管理提供了有力的法律支撑,促进我国种子产业发生翻天覆地的变化。但随着依法管理工作的深入和种子产业的快速发展,《种子法》及配套规章的一些问题逐步显现出来。对《种子法》及配套规章存在的问题进行深入分析,对需要进一步补充的章节以及需要调整的内容进行深入探讨,以求更加完善和明确。 相似文献
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瓦房店市是我国重要的水果生产基地,在国内水果生产领域占有重要地位。随着水果市场化的不断深入,如何满足和适应国内外市场需求成为瓦房店市水果生产的关键问题。从瓦房店市水果生产实际出发,阐述了实施水果生产标准化的必要性,提出了发展水果生产标准化的具体措施。 相似文献
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在新世纪,面对机遇和挑战,党的十六大把“社会更加和谐”作为全面建设更高水平的小康社会的一个重要目标。中国人素有社会和谐的理想;西方人自古也向往社会和谐;借鉴东西方两种和谐社会思想的经验、教训,构建社会主义和谐社会理论。 相似文献
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About 30 years have passed since the Government of Egypt embarked on implementing a series of large scale drainage projects. At present, about 3.8 million acres have been provided with drainage systems on the basis of systematic pre-drainage investigations and designs. The target is to provide drains in approximately 6.4 million acres in the Nile Valley and Delta.The implementation of the subsurface drainage system is carried out by the public sector and private contractors under direct supervision of governmental regional departments. The implementation process depends on many factors related to the drainage material, machinery, manpower, site requirements, farmers and organizations involved. Problems and constraints are sometimes challenging, however, the annual rate of implementation has gradually increased to 170,000 acre/year.This paper discusses the different aspects involved in the implementation process of drainage systems. The development in materials, machinery and construction technologies will be reviewed. Institutional and management factors are going to be also considered. 相似文献