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1.
用２００只出壳艾维菌雏茵雏鸡随机平均分为４组，进行为期４９天的饲养试验。在试验中，对照组喂给基础日粮，试验１组用９５％基础日粮＋５％处理鸡粪，试验２组用９２％基础日粮＋８％处理鸡粪，试验３组用９０％基础日粮＋１０％处理鸡粪。结果表明：各组总增重（试验１组８１．２８ｋｇ，试验２组８４．２１ｋｇ，试验３组８０．２３ｋｇ，对照组８１．２５ｋｇ）无显著差异（Ｐ〉０．０５）；饲料报酬（试１组２．１６：１，试２组２．０５：１，试３组２．１４：１，对照组２．０９：１）组间无显著差异（Ｐ〉０．０５），试１、２、３组及对照组的死亡率分别为１０％、０、１０％、４％，组间差异显著（Ｐ〈０．０５）；经济效益（每千克毛鸡成本试验各组与对照组分别为３．６８元、３．４２元、３．５１元、３．７３元），以试２组为好。  相似文献   

2.
蝗虫粉饲喂肉鸡效果的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
对商品代京黄肉用型雏鸡进行６０天饲喂蝗虫粉试验，结果：在基础日粮中添加５％蝗虫粉添加剂的试验组，比对照组平均日增重提高１５．２２％（Ｐ〈０．０１），饲料报酬每千克增重比对照组节省饲料０．３３ｋｇ（Ｐ〈０．０５）。  相似文献   

3.
沸石粉在生长猪饲粮中应用效果的研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
选用体重１７ｋｇ左右的杜长断奶仔猪５４头，采用单因子试验设计，随机分成３组，每组１８头，分别饲喂添加有０％、３％、５％沸石粉的饲粮，研究补加沸石粉对生长猪增重、饲料利用率及经济效益的影响。经３５天饲养试验，结果表明：使用５％沸石粉组试验猪的增重效果比对照组（即０％沸石粉组）提高１２．４５％（Ｐ＜０．０５），较添加３％沸石粉组提高４．８４％（Ｐ＞０．０５）；经济效益５％沸石粉组较对照组提高２５．４％，３％沸石粉组比对照组提高１７．０８％。添加５％沸石粉后每吨饲粮成本可降低５６．００元，添加３％沸石粉后也可下降３３．６０元。因此，在１７～３５ｋｇ生长猪饲粮中添加沸石粉不但对猪的增重效果显著，而且还能明显降低饲粮成本，提高经济效益。  相似文献   

4.
用１６４只１周龄ＡＡ肉用仔鸡进行的两次试验结果显示，在含铜８—１４ｍｇ／ｋｇ的玉米—豆饼日粮中，添加１２５ｍｇ／ｋｇ铜（ＣｕＳＯ４５Ｈ２Ｏ），提高４—７周龄平均增重７．１－１０．８％（Ｐ＜０．０５或０．０１），提高１—３周龄平均增重２．１－２．５％（Ｐ＞０．０５，试验Ⅱ）或６．２％（Ｐ＜０．０１，试验Ⅰ），降低１—３周龄饲料／增重６．３－１５．３％，添加１２５ｍｇ／ｋｇ铜，对胸肌含水量无影响（Ｐ＞０．０５），明显提高了肝铜含量（Ｐ＜０．０５），但幅度不太大，由对照组的１３．８ｍｇ／ｋｇ提高到２３．８ｍｇ／ｋｇ（风干基础），而正常鸡肝含铜量低，因此对食品卫生无不利影响。大量铜由粪中排出体外，试验组粪铜浓度比对照组提高９倍。  相似文献   

5.
张洁  王在钧 《养猪》1999,(4):23-24
试验在饲粮中添加两个水平（１０％ ，１７％ ）的低硫甙菜籽饼，分试验组与对照组，对生长肥育猪（３０～９０ｋｇ）进行为期９１ 天的增重试验。其结果表明试猪日增重和饲料利用率均达到与对照组同等生产水平，差异不显著（Ｐ＞ ０．０５）。每千克增重饲料费，以１７％ 组最低为 ５．８１ 元，１０％ 组次之为６．０２ 元，对照组最高为６．７９ 元。１０％ ，１７％ 低硫甙菜籽饼组依序较对照组提高经济效益 １１．３％ 和 １４．４％  相似文献   

6.
张文举 《养猪》1998,(2):5-6
选择初生重相近的９窝乳猪，以窝为单位随机分为３组，每组３窝。三组饲粮中分别添加ＶＢ１２１０μｇ／ｋｇ，２０μｇ／ｋｇ，３０μｇ／ｋｇ，进行补饲试验，试验期４２天。结果Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组之间在２１日龄、２８日龄、３５日龄、４２日龄体重及全期增重、日增重等方面差异显著（Ｐ＜０．０５），以Ⅰ组为对照，Ⅱ、Ⅲ组比Ⅰ组分别提高日增重１１．３５％、３２．１６％。Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组料重比分别为０．６４、０．６０、０．５４。Ⅱ、Ⅲ组分别比Ⅰ组提高饲料利用率６．２５％、１５．６３％，经济效益对比，Ⅱ、Ⅲ组比Ⅰ组分别提高经济效益１２．０４％和３４．５７％。结果表明，乳猪饲粮中添加３０μｇ／ｋｇＶＢ１２比较理想  相似文献   

7.
将１日龄美国ＡＡ雏母鸡３００只,随机分成金霉素组和土霉素组,每组１５０只,两组基础日粮相同,管理相同,金霉素组日粮中添加１５％饲料金霉素２３０ｍｇ／ｋｇ,土霉素组日粮中添加土霉素原粉 １０ｍｇ／ｋｇ,进行为期 ７周的对比试验。试验结果：金霉素组比土霉素组全期净增重提高７．４０％（Ｐ＜０．０５）,饲料转化率提高４．７３％（Ｐ＜０．０５）,存活率提高３．５９％（Ｐ＞０．０５）,经济效益提高９．６８％（Ｐ＜０．０５）。试验表明,在肉鸡饲料中添加适量的饲料金霉素比添加土霉素对提高肉鸡增重、饲料转化率、成活率和经济效益都有更好的效果。  相似文献   

8.
吴其仁  吴新花 《养猪》1999,(3):28-28
香菇菌糠具有一定的营养价值。本试验在大长嘉三元杂种生长肉猪饲粮中分别加入０％、１０％、１５％，进行对比试验。结果表明，添加１０％组其生长表现与全价饲料组对比差异不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５），每增重１ｋｇ饲料成本降低０．４３元，经济效益显著。  相似文献   

9.
阿散酸和土霉素对肉牛增重效果的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
选择体重相近,健康的南阳黄牛６０ 头,平均分为３ 组（ 组间体重差异不显著）。试验Ⅰ组饲粮为基础日粮＋ １２０ｍｇ／ｋｇ 的阿散酸＋ １２０ｍｇ／ｋｇ 的土霉素。试验Ⅱ组饲粮为基础日粮＋１００ｍｇ／ｋｇ 的阿散酸＋ １００ｍｇ／ｋｇ 的土霉素,对照组饲粮为基础日粮,３ 组经过一个月的对比试验表明,试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组都比对照组的平均日增重高,分别高３９ ．１７ ％ 和２７ ．３２ ％ ,以每千克增重计算饲料开支,试验Ⅰ组比对照组可节约１ ．７６ 元,比试验Ⅱ组可节约０ ．４２ 元  相似文献   

10.
将长白×荣昌杂交一代仔猪（２０ｋｇ左右）７５头随机分成５组，每组１５头。在饲粮中加入占总量的０％、１０％、１５％、１８％和２０％的脱毒菜籽饼，并使供试５种饲粮的营养水平基本相同。经６０天试验，平均日增重，第１、２、３组与第５组差异极显著（Ｐ＜０．０１），第４组与第５组差异显著（Ｐ＜０．０５），第１－４组间差异不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５）。饲料报酬，第１组与第５组差异显著（Ｐ＜０．０５），其他各组间差异不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５）；每千克增重需饲料成本，以第４组最低，第５组最高。  相似文献   

11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。  相似文献   

12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes. But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia.  相似文献   

13.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

14.
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.  相似文献   

15.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

16.
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded.  相似文献   

17.
The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of different tumor types within a large cohort of cats with intracranial neoplasia and to attempt to correlate signalment, tumor size and location, and survival time for each tumor. Medical records of 160 cats with confirmed intracranial neoplasia evaluated between 1985 and 2001 were reviewed. Parameters evaluated included age, sex, breed, FeLV/FIV status, clinical signs, duration of signs, number of tumors, tumor location(s), imaging results, treatment, survival times, and histopathologic diagnosis. Most of the cats were older (11.3 +/- 3.8 years). Primary tumors accounted for 70.6% of cases. Metastasis and direct extension of secondary tumors accounted for only 5.6 and 3.8% of cases, respectively. Twelve cats (7.5%) had 2 or more discrete tumors of the same type, whereas 16 cats (10.0%) had 2 different types of intracranial tumors. The most common tumor types were meningioma (n = 93, 58.1%), lymphoma (n = 23, 14.4%), pituitary tumors (n = 14, 8.8%), and gliomas (n = 12, 7.5%). The most common neurological signs were altered consciousness (n = 42, 26.2%), circling (n = 36, 22.5%), and seizures (n = 36, 22.5%). Cats without specific neurological signs were common (n = 34, 21.2%). The tumor was considered an incidental finding in 30 (18.8%) cats. In addition to expected relationships (eg, meninges and meningioma, pituitary and pituitary tumors), we found that lesion location was predictive of tumor type with diffuse cerebral or brainstem involvement predictive of lymphoma and third ventricle involvement predictive of meningioma.  相似文献   

18.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

19.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host.  相似文献   

20.
Comparison of different tests to diagnose feline infectious peritonitis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
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