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1.
《中国兽医杂志》2018,(12)
为研究不同浓度盐碱胁迫对异育银鲫的慢性损伤效应,将同等质量大小的异育银鲫设置为盐碱胁迫Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组(NaCl浓度梯度为1 mmol/L~(-1)、2 mmol/L~(-1)、3 mmol/L~(-1),NaHCO_3浓度梯度为15 mmol/L~(-1)、30 mmol/L~(-1)、45 mmol/L~(-1))以及空白对照Ⅰ组。试验6周后,与对照组相比,Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组异育银鲫增重率显著降低(P0.05),血液红细胞、红细胞压机、血红蛋白及平均血红蛋白水平显著提高(P0.05),红细胞平均体积显著降低(P0.05),随着盐碱浓度升高,血液白细胞及血小板数呈先升高后降低的趋势;Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)活性显著降低(P0.05),血清尿素氮(UREA)、血糖(GLU)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)水平不同程度提高,其中Ⅱ组UREA、GLU水平差异不显著(P0.05),血清肌酐(CREA)水平随盐碱浓度提高呈先升高后降低趋势;Ⅱ组肝胰脏超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)及过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性显著升高(P0.05),Ⅲ、Ⅳ组肝胰脏SOD及CAT活性显著降低(P0.05)。表明高盐碱浓度水体对异育银鲫的存活、增重及其他生理指标均具有一定的消极影响。 相似文献
2.
《中国兽医学报》2017,(6):1128-1133
本试验旨在通过动物体内试验,研究复合吸附剂(CA)对黄曲霉毒素B1(AFB1)和脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(DON)联合毒性的脱毒效果。选取21日龄昆明系雄性小鼠60只,随机分为5组,每组3个重复,每个重复4只。各试验组小鼠饲喂相同的饲料,第Ⅰ组为对照组,每天灌服生理盐水;第Ⅱ组灌服0.5%CA;第Ⅲ组灌服200μg/kg AFB_1+500μg/kg DON;第Ⅳ组灌服200μg/kg AFB_1+500μg/kg DON+0.1%CA;第Ⅴ组灌服200μg/kg AFB_1+500μg/kg DON+0.5%CA。试验期为30d。分别于试验的第15和第30天,每个重复随机选择2只小鼠经眼球采血,测定血清天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、r-谷氨酰基转移酶(rGT)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和丙二醛(MDA)、总蛋白(TP)和白蛋白(ALB)含量;并取肝脏和脾脏,计算脏器相对指数。结果显示,与对照组相比,在试验15d时,第Ⅲ组小鼠肝脏、脾脏指数,血清AST活性显著升高(P<0.05),ALB含量显著降低(P<0.05),Ⅱ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组差异不显著(P>0.05);在30d时,第Ⅲ组小鼠肝脏、脾脏指数、血清AST,ALT,ALP,r-GT活性显著升高(P<0.05),第Ⅳ组小鼠脾脏指数、血清r-GT活性显著升高(P<0.05),小鼠增重量、TP、ALB含量显著降低(P<0.05),SOD活性极显著降低(P<0.01),MDA含量极显著升高(P<0.01),Ⅱ、Ⅴ组差异不显著(P>0.05)。试验表明,CA对机体无副作用,0.5%CA能有效缓解AFB1和DON对小鼠的联合毒性。 相似文献
3.
《中国兽医杂志》2019,(7)
为研究不同浓度盐碱胁迫对异育银鲫的慢性损伤效应,将同等质量大小的120尾异育银鲫,随机分为对照Ⅰ组、盐碱胁迫Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ共4组,每组3个重复,每个重复10尾,每处理组鱼对应分别饲养在添加NaCl和NaHCO_3水体中(NaCl和NaHCO_3浓度梯度依次为0和0、1和15、2和30、3和45 mmol/L)。试验6周后,与对照组相比,Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组异育银鲫增重率显著降低(P0.05),血液红细胞及平均血红蛋白水平显著提高(P0.05),随着盐碱浓度升高,血液白细胞及血小板数呈先升高后降低的趋势;Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)活性显著降低(P0.05),Ⅲ、Ⅳ组肝胰脏超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)及过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性显著降低(P0.05)。综上,本试验条件下,高盐碱浓度水体对异育银鲫的增重及血液生理指标均具有一定的负面影响,能够引起鱼体慢性损伤。 相似文献
4.
《动物营养学报》2015,(8)
本试验旨在研究饲粮L-精氨酸添加水平对育成期水貂生长性能、营养物质消化率及氮代谢的影响。选取(60±3)日龄健康雌性水貂70只,随机分成7组,每组10个重复,每个重复1只水貂。7组水貂分别饲喂在基础饲粮(L-精氨酸含量为1.45%)基础上添加0(Ⅰ组)、0.2%(Ⅱ组)、0.4%(Ⅲ组)、0.6%(Ⅳ组)、0.8%(Ⅴ组)、1.0%(Ⅵ组)和1.2%(Ⅶ组)L-精氨酸的试验饲粮。预试期7 d,正试期60 d。结果表明:Ⅲ组的末重、平均日增重和料重比高于其他各组,但差异不显著(P0.05)。Ⅲ组的干物质采食量极显著高于Ⅰ组(P0.01),显著高于Ⅱ组和Ⅵ组(P0.05)。Ⅲ组的干物质排出量显著高于Ⅰ组和Ⅳ组(P0.05)。Ⅳ组的干物质消化率高于其他各组,但差异不显著(P0.05)。Ⅳ组的蛋白质消化率显著高于Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组、Ⅴ组和Ⅶ组(P0.05)。Ⅳ组的脂肪消化率显著高于Ⅴ组、Ⅵ组和Ⅶ组(P0.05)。Ⅲ组的食入氮极显著高于Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组(P0.01),显著高于Ⅴ组和Ⅵ组(P0.05)。Ⅲ组的粪氮极显著高于Ⅰ组和Ⅳ组(P0.01)。Ⅲ组的氮沉积极显著高于Ⅰ组和Ⅵ组(P0.01),显著高于Ⅱ组和Ⅴ组(P0.05)。Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组的净蛋白质利用率显著高于Ⅰ组(P0.05)。Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组的蛋白质生物学价值显著高于Ⅰ组(P0.05)。由此得出,饲粮L-精氨酸添加水平为0.4%~0.6%(L-精氨酸总含量为1.85%~2.05%)时,育成期水貂的生长性能、营养物质消化率、氮沉积、净蛋白质利用率及蛋白质生物学价值较为理想。 相似文献
5.
本试验旨在研究不同铁添加水平饲粮中添加枯草芽孢杆菌对雏鹅生长性能、造血功能、铁代谢和肾脏功能的影响。试验选用1日龄五龙鹅360只,随机分为6个组,每组6个重复,每个重复10只鹅。Ⅰ组为对照组,在基础饲粮中添加100 mg/kg铁,不添加枯草芽孢杆菌;Ⅱ～Ⅵ组为试验组,在基础饲粮中分别添加0、25、50、75、100 mg/kg铁,枯草芽孢杆菌添加水平均为250 mg/kg。试验期4周。结果表明:1)与Ⅰ组相比,Ⅵ组雏鹅体重、平均日增重、屠宰率、半净膛率、全净膛率、胸肌率、腿肌率,血液血红蛋白含量、红细胞压积、平均红细胞体积以及血清铁含量、总铁结合力、转铁蛋白饱和度均升高(P0.05),平均日采食量、料重比、腹脂率以及血清尿酸、尿素氮、肌酐含量均降低(P0.05)。2)Ⅳ、Ⅴ组体重、平均日增重显著或极显著高于Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅵ组(P0.05或P0.01),Ⅳ组料重比显著或极显著低于Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅵ组(P0.05或P0.01)。3)Ⅳ、Ⅴ组全净膛率显著高于Ⅱ组(P 0.05);Ⅳ组胸肌率显著或极显著高于Ⅱ、Ⅲ组(P 0.05或P0.01),Ⅴ组胸肌率显著高于Ⅱ组(P0.05)。4)Ⅴ、Ⅵ组血液血红蛋白含量显著或极显著高于Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组(P0.05或P0.01),Ⅴ组血液红细胞数量显著或极显著高于Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组(P0.05或P0.01),Ⅴ组血液红细胞压积显著或极显著高于Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅵ组(P 0.05或P 0.01),Ⅳ组血液平均红细胞体积显著或极显著高于Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ组(P0.05或P0.01),Ⅴ组血液平均血红蛋白含量显著或极显著高于Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅵ组(P0.05或P0.01)。5)Ⅳ、Ⅴ组血清总铁结合力显著高于Ⅲ、Ⅵ组(P0.05),Ⅳ组血清尿酸含量显著或极显著低于Ⅱ、Ⅵ组(P0.05或P0.01)。由此可见,雏鹅铁营养需要量具有一定阈值,饲粮铁添加水平过高或过低都不利于机体的生长发育。枯草芽孢杆菌能够与铁协同促进雏鹅生长发育、造血功能、铁代谢和肾脏功能,降低饲粮中铁添加水平;建议雏鹅基础饲粮中添加250 mg/kg枯草芽孢杆菌条件下铁适宜添加水平为60.34～80.50 mg/kg。 相似文献
6.
本试验旨在探究钼(Mo)对小鼠骨骼肌上皮细胞氧化损伤及细胞骨架的影响。试验以小鼠原代骨骼肌上皮细胞为材料,利用Mo浓度分别为0(Ⅰ组)、0.1(Ⅱ组)、0.2(Ⅲ组)、0.4(Ⅳ组)、0.8 mmol/L(Ⅴ组)的培养基对其进行细胞培养24 h。倒置显微镜观察细胞形态变化,四甲基偶氮唑盐(MTT)法测定细胞活力,比色法检测细胞抗氧化能力及氧化损伤,实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)和蛋白质免疫印迹(Western-blot)测定细胞骨架蛋白波形蛋白(Vimentin)、α-肌动蛋白(α-actin)、β-肌动蛋白(β-actin)的mRNA和蛋白表达。结果显示:1)Ⅰ和Ⅱ组细胞形态正常,Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ组细胞间隙增大,细胞肿大,且Ⅴ组细胞出现明显畸形。2)与Ⅰ组相比,Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ组的小鼠骨骼肌上皮细胞活力极显著下降(P0.01)。3)与Ⅰ组相比,Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ组小鼠骨骼肌上皮细胞的超氧化物歧化酶活性和总抗氧化能力均极显著下降(P0.01),丙二醛含量极显著升高(P0.01)。4)与Ⅰ组相比,Ⅱ和Ⅲ组小鼠骨骼肌上皮细胞中Vimentin、α-actin和β-actin的mRNA相对表达量显著升高(P0.05),Ⅴ组显著降低(P0.05);Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ组小鼠骨骼肌上皮细胞中Vimentin、α-actin和β-actin的蛋白相对表达量均显著降低(P0.05)。综上所述,小鼠骨骼肌上皮细胞在经过高浓度的Mo作用后,形态发生异常,出现畸形,细胞活力下降,细胞抗氧化能力会受到抑制从而导致了氧化损伤的加剧,同时还抑制了Vimentin、α-actin和β-actin的mRNA和蛋白的表达。 相似文献
7.
日粮中添加不同水平丁酸钠对断奶仔猪生长性能、腹泻率及血液生化指标的影响 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为研究日粮中添加不同水平丁酸钠对断奶仔猪生长性能、腹泻率及血清生化指标的影响。选取240头健康的(21±2)日龄杜×长×大断奶仔猪,按照窝别和体重相近的原则随机分为5组,即Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ组,每组3个重复,每个重复16头。Ⅰ组为对照组,Ⅱ组添加0.01%抗生素,Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ组分别添加0.1%、0.2%、0.3%丁酸钠,试验期为28d。试验开始时及第1、2、3、4周对各组断奶仔猪空腹称重,计算试验期间仔猪平均日增重(ADG)、平均日采食量(ADFI)和料重比(F/G),并观察仔猪腹泻情况,计算各组仔猪腹泻率和腹泻指数;试验期末,每组选择接近该组平均体重的6头仔猪,前腔静脉空腹采血测定血清生化指标。结果表明,与Ⅰ组相比,Ⅳ、Ⅴ组第1、2、3周及全期的ADG显著提高(P0.05);Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组第2、3周及全期的ADFI显著提高(P0.05);Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组第2、3、4周及全期的料重比(F/G)均有一定程度下降,但差异不显著(P0.05),Ⅳ、Ⅴ组第1周F/G显著降低(P0.05)。Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组腹泻率和腹泻指数均与Ⅰ组无显著差异(P0.05),而Ⅴ组腹泻率(P0.05)和腹泻指数(P0.05)均提高。Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组血清中磷含量较Ⅰ组显著提高(P0.05),Ⅴ组血清钙含量和总蛋白含量较Ⅰ组显著提高(P0.05),Ⅳ、Ⅴ组血清中甘油三酯含量较Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组显著提高(P0.05);其余各组间血清中总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、尿素氮和白蛋白含量均无显著差异(P0.05)。综上所述,在断奶仔猪日粮中添加丁酸钠具有促进其生长和改善健康状况的作用,最适添加量为0.2%。 相似文献
8.
本试验旨在研究低蛋白质饲粮中添加蛋氨酸(Met)和赖氨酸(Lys)对离乳期梅花鹿仔鹿生长性能和血清生化指标的影响.选择16只健康3月龄雄性梅花鹿,随机分为4个组,每组4个重复,每个重复1只.各组限量饲喂4种不同饲粮:对照组(Ⅰ组)饲喂16.28％粗蛋白质(CP)的高蛋白质饲粮,试验组饲喂13.40％CP添加0.23％Lys并分别添加0(Ⅱ组)、0.06％(Ⅲ组)、0.12％(Ⅳ组)Met的低蛋白质饲粮,试验期为56 d.结果表明:1)Ⅱ组平均日增重(ADG)最低,Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组ADG随饲粮Met水平增加而增加,Ⅳ组ADG与Ⅰ组基本相同.2)Ⅰ组56 d血清白蛋白(ALB)含量显著高于Ⅱ、Ⅲ组(P＜0.05),56 d血清总蛋白(TP)含量显著高于Ⅱ组(P＜0.05),28 d血清尿素氮(UN)含量极显著高于Ⅳ组(P＜0.01),56 d血清葡萄糖(GLU)含量极显著低于Ⅱ、Ⅲ组(P＜0.01),血清天冬门氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)活性显著高于Ⅳ组(P＜0.05),28 d血清碱性磷酸酶(AKP)活性显著或极显著高于Ⅱ、Ⅲ组(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).3)Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组相比,Ⅳ组28 d血清UN含量显著低于Ⅱ组(P＜0.05),Ⅳ组28 d血清AKP活性显著高于Ⅱ、Ⅲ组(P＜0.05),但血清球蛋白(GLB)、TP含量随饲粮Met水平升高而增加,血清AST、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)活性和UN含量随饲粮Met水平升高而降低.由此可见,在13.40％CP的饲粮中添加Lys和Met,仔鹿的ADG可达到16.28％ CP饲粮的水平,饲粮中添加0.12％Met有利于仔鹿生长和代谢平衡. 相似文献
9.
《中国畜牧兽医》2020,(6)
本试验旨在研究日粮中添加铜对育成期雄性乌苏里貉生长性能、营养物质消化率、氮、铜代谢及血清生化指标的影响。随机选取(60±5)日龄健康的雄性乌苏里貉105只,体重2.83 kg±0.37 kg,随机分为7组,每组15只貉,1只为1个重复。分别饲喂含蛋氨酸铜为0(对照组)、20(Ⅰ组)、30(Ⅱ组)、40(Ⅲ组)、50(Ⅳ组)、60(Ⅴ组)和200 mg/kg(Ⅵ组)的试验日粮,预试期7 d,正试期55 d。试验期间,每组随机选取8只乌苏里貉采用全收粪尿法进行消化代谢试验。结果表明:Ⅲ、Ⅳ组的末重显著高于对照组(P0.05),其余各组与对照组相比体重差异不显著。Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ组平均日增重(ADG)均显著高于对照组(P0.05)。Ⅴ组的脂肪消化率显著高于对照组和Ⅰ组(P0.05)。对照组和Ⅵ组的铜消化率显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组(P0.05)。Ⅳ组的氮沉积显著高于对照组和Ⅰ组(P0.05)。各组间铜摄入量存在显著差异(P0.05),粪铜含量随着铜添加水平的升高而显著升高(P0.05)。Ⅴ、Ⅵ组尿铜显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ和对照组(P0.05)。各铜添加组与对照组铜沉积差异显著(P0.05)。Ⅵ组血清低密度脂蛋白(LDL)含量显著高于对照组和Ⅰ组(P0.05)。Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ组血清白蛋白(ALB)含量显著高于对照组(P0.05)。Ⅳ组血清尿素含量显著低于对照组(P0.05)。在本试验中,育成期乌苏里貉日粮中铜添加量在30～50 mg/kg时可获得较好的生长性能。考虑到铜排放量、饲养成本、环境污染等因素,推荐育成期乌苏里貉铜添加量为30 mg/kg。 相似文献
10.
本试验旨在研究饲粮添加不同水平果胶寡糖螯合锌(zinc-pectic oligosaccharide chelate,Zn-POS)对爱拔益加(AA)肉仔鸡生长性能、免疫功能和血清抗氧化能力的影响。选用1日龄健康、体况较一致的AA肉仔鸡480只(公母各占1/2),根据体重一致原则随机分为5组,每组6个重复,每个重复16只鸡。其中Ⅰ组为基础饲粮组;Ⅱ组为抗生素组,在基础饲粮中添加62.5 mg/kg黄霉素;Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ组为Zn-POS组,在基础饲粮中分别添加300、600和900 mg/kg Zn-POS。试验期42 d。结果表明:1)1~21日龄,与Ⅰ组相比,Ⅲ、Ⅳ组平均日增重显著提高(P0.05);与Ⅱ组相比,Ⅲ、Ⅳ组体重显著提高(P0.05)。22~42日龄,与Ⅰ组相比,Ⅲ、Ⅳ组平均日增重显著提高(P0.05),Ⅳ组平均日采食量显著提高(P0.05)。1~42日龄,与Ⅰ组相比,Ⅳ组平均日增重极显著提高(P0.01),Ⅲ、Ⅴ组平均日增重显著提高(P0.05),Ⅳ组平均日采食量显著提高(P0.05);Ⅱ组平均日增重极显著高于Ⅰ组(P0.01)。2)Ⅱ组法氏囊指数显著高于Ⅰ组(P0.05),但Ⅱ组血清中免疫球蛋白G水平显著低于Ⅰ组(P0.05)。3)Ⅲ组血清总超氧化物歧化酶活性极显著高于Ⅰ组(P0.01),Ⅲ、Ⅴ组血清过氧化氢酶活性显著高于Ⅰ组(P0.05);Ⅳ、Ⅴ组血清丙二醛含量显著低于Ⅲ组(P0.05)。由此可见,饲粮中添加Zn-POS能改善1~42日龄AA肉仔鸡生长性能、免疫功能和血清抗氧化功能,以600 mg/kg添加水平较为适宜。 相似文献
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12.
Knowledge of the fatty acid profile of microbial lipids is of great nutritional importance to the animals and, subsequently, their products. This study was conducted to examine the fatty acid profiles of mixed rumen bacteria and protozoa. Bacterial and protozoal cells were isolated by differential centrifugation of rumen contents. The main fatty acids were palmitic (16:0) and stearic (18:0) in both the bacterial and protozoal fractions. Palmitic acid was 74% greater in the protozoal fatty acids than in the bacterial fatty acids, whereas bacteria had 2.25-times greater stearic acid (18:0) proportions compared with protozoa. The total odd-chain plus branched-chain fatty acids were 16.5% of bacterial fatty acids and 11.0% of protozoal fatty acids. The anteiso-17:0 proportions in bacterial and protozoal fatty acids were 1.4 and 2.9%, respectively. The most abundant trans-18:1 isomer, vaccenic acid (18:1 trans-11), was 6.6% of total fatty acids in protozoa and 2.0% of total fatty acids in bacteria. The cis-9, trans-11 CLA was 8.6-times greater in the protozoal fraction (1.32% of total fatty acids) than in the bacterial fraction (0.15%). These results suggest that the presence of protozoa in the rumen may increase the supply of CLA and other unsaturated fatty acids for lower gut absorption by ruminants. 相似文献
13.
D. M. Vaughn D. M. Lindley N. R. Cox S. T. Simpson W. L. Whitmer 《Veterinary research communications》1989,13(3):173-181
Twenty retinas from 10 cats were evaluted for dopamine (DA) and its metabolites dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), 3-methoxytyramine (3-MT) and homovanillic acid (HVA) by high pressure liquid chromatography and electrochemical detection. Dopamine was present in all 20 retinas at a mean concentration of 3.00±0.54 ng/mg protein. Dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, 3-MT and HVA were detected in 16, 14 and 9 retinas respectively.In retinas in which these metabolites were detectable, they were present in the following mean concentrations: DOPAC, 1.07±0.21 ng/mg protein; 3-MT, 3.44±0.97 ng/mg protein and HVA, 4.54±1.05 ng/mg protein. Significantly higher concentrations of 3-MT (p=0.0108, paired t test) and HVA (p=0.0166, paired t test) than DOPAC were present in cat retina. Linear correlation analysis between DA and its metabolites indicated that the 3-MT and DOPAC concentrations correlated well with each other and with the amount of DA in cat retina. The concentrations of the end product metabolite, HVA, had poor correlations with the concentrations of 3-MT, DOPAC or DA. These data indicated that once DA is released in cat retina it can be metabolized to 3-MT, DOPAC and HVA. 相似文献
14.
高效液相色谱法测定青贮饲料桑中的乳酸、乙酸和丙酸含量条件探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文应用高效液相色谱法（HPLC）对青贮饲料桑中的乳酸、乙酸和丙酸含量测定进行了研究。通过对色谱柱、流动相、流速及样品处理条件进行优化，建立了一种应用HPLC法同时测定青贮饲料桑中乳酸、乙酸和丙酸含量的方法。研究结果表明：乳酸、乙酸和丙酸在一定浓度下具有良好的线性关系，且相关系数R2均大于0.999，加标回收率为98.35% ~ 104.24%，标准品中回收率和精密度试验相对标准偏差（RSD）为0.01%~0.58%，表明该方法准确性较好。3种物质检出限为4.928 ~ 9.489 mg/L，适用于青贮饲料桑中有机酸的定量检测。
[关键词] 高效液相色谱（HPLC）|青贮饲料桑|乳酸|乙酸|丙酸 相似文献
15.
Durocher LL Hinchcliff KW Williamson KK McKenzie EC Holbrook TC Willard M Royer CM Davis MS 《American journal of veterinary research》2007,68(1):107-111
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether prolonged exercise by conditioned sled dogs affects urine concentrations of homovanillic acid (a metabolite of dopamine), vanillylmandelic acid (a metabolite of norepinephrine and epinephrine), and cortisol. ANIMALS: 24 conditioned Alaskan sled dogs (2 to 8.5 years old) that were in training for a multiday endurance race. PROCEDURES: Voided urine samples were collected from 4 groups of dogs (randomly selected from 54 dogs) after no exercise (control group; n = 6 dogs), completion of a 160km run (group A; 3), completion of a 420-km run (group B; 7), and completion of a 560-km run (group C; 6). Urine cortisol concentrations were determined by use of an immunoassay technique; urine vanillylmandelic acid and homovanillic acid concentrations were measured via high-performance liquid chromatography. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, urine cortisol concentration in groups A, B, and C was significantly different (5.33 x 10(4) +/- 2.62 x 10(4) microg/dL vs 1.04 x 10(4) +/- 2.31 x 10(5) microg/dL, 8.88 x 10(4) +/- 5.49 x 10(4) microg/dL, and 6.31 x 10(4) +/- 5.09 x 10(4) microg/dL, respectively). Urine homovanillic acid concentration did not differ among the 4 groups. Vanillylmandelic acid was not detected in any urine samples. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results indicated that prolonged exercise by sled dogs did not affect urine homovanillic acid concentration but did increase urinary cortisol secretion, which is indicative of adrenocortical stimulation. The apparent lack of vanillylmandelic acid in voided urine samples requires further investigation. 相似文献
16.
采用常规营养分析方法测定了牛蛙腿部肌肉的营养成分。结果表明,牛蛙肌肉中水分含量为76.50%,粗蛋白、粗脂肪和灰分含量分别占鲜重的21.32%、0.77%和0.90%。肌肉中16种氨基酸总量占肌肉干重的90.01%,其中必需氨基酸占42.19%,非必需氨基酸占47.82%,鲜味氨基酸占肌肉总量的27.91%。脂肪酸中油酸(C18:1)含量最高,为20.70%,其它由高到低依次为二十二碳六烯酸(DHA,14.48%)、亚油酸(C18:2,14.15%)、棕榈酸(C16:0,14.08%)、硬脂酸(C18:0,5.58%)、二十碳五烯酸(EPA,4.34%)、棕榈油酸(C16:1,4.23%)和花生四烯酸(C20:4,2.67%)。其它几种脂肪酸(肉豆蔻酸、亚麻酸和二十碳烯酸)在牛蛙肌肉中含量较少(低于1%)。 相似文献
17.
Effects of dietary conjugated linoleic acid on fatty acid composition, lipid oxidation, color, and water-holding capacity of pork loin 总被引：19，自引：0，他引：19
The effects of dietary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on fatty acid composition, lipid oxidation, and pork quality were investigated. Pigs (n = 20) were fed a diet containing 0, 1, 2.5, or 5% CLA for 4 wk and slaughtered at 105 kg. The longissimus thoracis et lumborum muscle was collected at 24 h postmortem. Pork loin chops (3 cm thick) were packaged aerobically and stored at 4 degrees C for 7 d. Samples were analyzed for ultimate pH, intramuscular fat content, fatty acid composition, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, color (L*, a*, b*), and water-holding capacity. Dietary CLA reduced the concentration of linoleic acid and increased CLA concentration in intramuscular fat of pork loin (P < 0.05). The concentration of CLA in muscle was increased with dietary CLA level and did not change during storage. Thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance value of control was higher than that of the CLA-fed groups (P < 0.05). Intramuscular fat content was increased by dietary CLA, and less purge loss was observed with samples from CLA-fed pigs (P < 0.05). Dietary CLA improved the color stability of pork loin during cold storage. After 7 d, lightness (L*) and yellowness (b*) of the 5% CLA-fed group were significantly lower than those of control (P < 0.05). The results indicated that the water-holding capacity of pork loin was increased with increased intramuscular fat content apparently caused by dietary CLA. Also, the data indicated that color stability of pork was improved with inhibition of lipid oxidation and changing of fatty acid composition by dietary CLA. 相似文献
18.
Comparative metabolism of mycophenolic acid by glucuronic acid and glucose conjugation in human,dog, and cat liver microsomes 
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下载免费PDF全文 J. E. Slovak K. Mealey M. H. Court 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2017,40(2):123-129
Use of the immunosuppressant mycophenolic acid (MPA) in cats is limited because MPA elimination depends on glucuronidation, which is deficient in cats. We evaluated formation of major (phenol glucuronide) and minor (acyl glucuronide, phenol glucoside, and acyl glucoside) MPA metabolites using liver microsomes from 16 cats, 26 dogs, and 48 humans. All MPA metabolites were formed by human liver microsomes, while dog and cat liver microsomes formed both MPA glucuronides, but only one MPA glucoside (phenol glucoside). Intrinsic clearance (CLint) of MPA for phenol glucuronidation by cat liver microsomes was only 15–17% that of dog and human liver microsomes. However, CLint for acyl glucuronide and phenol glucoside formation in cat liver microsomes was similar to or greater than that for dog and human liver microsomes. While total MPA conjugation CLint was generally similar for cat liver microsomes compared with dog and human liver microsomes, relative contributions of each pathway varied between species with phenol glucuronidation predominating in dog and human liver microsomes and phenol glucosidation predominating in cat liver microsomes. MPA conjugation variation between cat liver microsomes was threefold for total conjugation and for phenol glucosidation, sixfold for phenol glucuronidation, and 11‐fold for acyl glucuronidation. Our results indicate that total MPA conjugation is quantitatively similar between liver microsomes from cats, dogs, and humans despite large differences in the conjugation pathways that are utilized by these species. 相似文献
19.
试验以籽粒苋为材料,在青贮中分别添加乳酸菌制剂、葡萄糖和甲酸3种添加剂,研究不同的处理方式对籽粒苋青贮动态发酵品质以及营养成分的影响,以明确青贮添加剂对粒苋青贮的作用,为籽粒苋青贮饲料的合理利用提供研究途径。试验设5个处理组:对照组,不加任何添加剂;乳酸菌制剂组,按1kg乳酸菌制剂调制3~4t籽粒苋鲜草装罐;葡萄糖组,添加量为30g/kg;乳酸菌制剂和葡萄糖组,添加量与单独添加时一致;甲酸组,添加量为5g/kg。在发酵第1,3,9,30和57天分别开罐取样,检测样品中pH、乳酸、氨态氮、干物质、粗蛋白和中性洗涤纤维等指标。结果表明,在籽粒苋青贮同时加入乳酸菌制剂和葡萄糖可以快速发酵,产生大量乳酸,迅速降低青贮pH值,显著降低乙酸、中性洗涤纤维含量和氨态氮/总氮(P0.05),并能显著提高干物质和粗蛋白含量(P0.05);加入甲酸可以显著降低乙酸含量(P0.05),对干物质含量没有明显影响(P0.05)。综上所述,籽粒苋通过制作青贮饲料可以保存营养成分,与籽粒苋自然青贮相比,籽粒苋青贮时加入上述青贮添加剂均可不同程度的改善青贮品质,同时加入乳酸菌和葡萄糖对青贮改善效果最佳。 相似文献
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本文通过植酸酶对生长猪的代谢的不同来评估饲喂低植酸玉米、低植酸豆粕、常规玉米、常规豆粕对其的影响。将48头去势的生长猪随机分成8个组,每组6头猪,采用2×2×2的试验设计,猪只日粮均符合日粮标准。结果表明,低植酸玉米组比常规玉米组(2.85:3.24±0.119g/d;P=0.024),低植酸豆粕组比常规豆粕组(2.79:3.30±0.119g/d;P=0.007),植酸酶组比不饲喂植酸酶组(2.80:3.29±0.119g/d;P=0.009),低植酸玉米、豆粕、添加植酸酶组比常规玉米、豆粕和无植酸酶组(2.16:3.70±0.237g/d;P0.001)的粪中的磷都要低。低植酸玉米日粮比常规玉米日粮(48.4:39.9±2.27%;P=0.012),植酸酶日粮比无植酸酶日粮(48.4:39.9±2.27%;P=0.019),低植酸玉米、豆粕、添加植酸酶组比常规玉米、豆粕和无植酸酶组日粮(47.2:41.1±2.27%;P=0.075)的磷的消化率都有所增加,这些说明低植酸玉米、低植酸豆粕或者直接添加植酸酶酶制剂均可以提高磷的利用率并且可以通过粪中磷的降低而改善对环境的污染问题。 相似文献