共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 329 毫秒
1.
采用实验生态学方法对条纹锯仔、稚、幼鱼形态发育的异速生长模式进行研究。对条纹锯(0–80日龄)的可量性状进行测量并运用统计学方法进行分析。结果表明,0–80日龄条纹锯全长的生长符合Y=4.529-(9.227×10-5)X3+0.015X2-0.189X(R2=0.994),干重增长符合Y=0.002X3-0.151X2+3.257X-18.232(R2=0.993),其变化曲线呈"J"型增长。多数功能器官具有异速生长的特性,与摄食、运动相关的功能器官的生长拐点相对较早,在拐点之前,相对于全长呈正异速生长,拐点之后相对于全长呈负异速生长或等速生长。口裂、吻长、眼径、胸鳍、尾鳍的生长拐点分别为20、44、32、36、19日龄,其他相关器官的生长拐点相对较晚,头长、头高、腹长、体高的生长拐点分别为56、37、44、60日龄,其中头长相对于全长在拐点之前呈负异速生长,拐点之后呈等速生长。条纹锯部分功能器官的优先发育保证了在个体发育过程中的早期摄食能力和对敌害的躲避能力的完善,有效地提高了其生存能力。条纹锯异速生长模型的建立,有助于针对性地为其提供适宜条件,从而获得其最适和最大生长效能,为人工繁育和养殖条纹锯提供理论基础。 相似文献
2.
《渔业科学进展》2014,(5)
采用实验生态学方法对条纹锯仔、稚、幼鱼形态发育的异速生长模式进行研究。对条纹锯(0–80日龄)的可量性状进行测量并运用统计学方法进行分析。结果表明,0–80日龄条纹锯全长的生长符合Y=4.529-(9.227×10-5)X3+0.015X2-0.189X(R2=0.994),干重增长符合Y=0.002X3-0.151X2+3.257X-18.232(R2=0.993),其变化曲线呈"J"型增长。多数功能器官具有异速生长的特性,与摄食、运动相关的功能器官的生长拐点相对较早,在拐点之前,相对于全长呈正异速生长,拐点之后相对于全长呈负异速生长或等速生长。口裂、吻长、眼径、胸鳍、尾鳍的生长拐点分别为20、44、32、36、19日龄,其他相关器官的生长拐点相对较晚,头长、头高、腹长、体高的生长拐点分别为56、37、44、60日龄,其中头长相对于全长在拐点之前呈负异速生长,拐点之后呈等速生长。条纹锯部分功能器官的优先发育保证了在个体发育过程中的早期摄食能力和对敌害的躲避能力的完善,有效地提高了其生存能力。条纹锯异速生长模型的建立,有助于针对性地为其提供适宜条件,从而获得其最适和最大生长效能,为人工繁育和养殖条纹锯提供理论基础。 相似文献
3.
广东池塘培育条石鲷仔、稚、幼鱼的早期发育和生长 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
研究了在广东饶平池塘人工培育的条石鲷（ Oplegnathus fasciatus）仔、稚、幼鱼的形态发育和生长特性。条石鲷初孵的0日龄仔鱼全长（1.8755±0.060）mm,卵黄囊长径（0.739±0.135）mm,短径（0.489±0.089）mm。在水温为22~23℃的前期培育条件下,3日龄仔鱼的卵黄被完全吸收,而到第4天,仅见到卵黄囊残余物。混合营养期仅1 d。在水温为24~27℃、盐度29~30、pH 7.4~8.2条件下,3日龄的仔鱼已开口,但仍不能主动摄食,4日龄仔鱼便进入了外源性营养阶段。8日龄鳃弓形成,12日龄尾椎弯曲,25~30日龄仔鱼的背鳍、胸鳍、腹鳍、臀鳍、尾鳍先后出现,鳞片出现,进入稚鱼期。40日龄时进入幼鱼期,全身覆盖鳞片,条带全部形成,形态与成鱼相似。全长、体长、体质量和体高随日龄的生长速度均呈显著的指数函数关系,体高/全长之比在0~5日龄时急剧下降,随后逐渐增高,20日龄后趋于平缓。 相似文献
4.
卵形鲳鲹仔稚鱼异速生长的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以传统的理论生物学研究方法,对孵化后卵形鲳鲹1~36日龄仔、稚鱼各器官测量和分析,研究其在早期环境适应上的异速生长及其生态学含义,以期为卵形鲳鲹的人工繁殖、育苗提供参考。试验结果表明,卵形鲳鲹仔、稚鱼的感觉、呼吸、摄食和游泳等器官快速分化,均存在异速生长现象。在头部器官中,吻长、口宽、眼径和头高在仔鱼期均为正异速生长,稚鱼期头高为等速生长,吻长、眼径和口宽为负异速生长。在身体各部位中,仔鱼期头长、体高和尾长为正异速生长,躯干长为负异速生长;稚鱼期各部分皆为等速生长;在游泳器官中,仔鱼期卵形鲳鲹胸鳍长、尾鳍高和臀鳍长为正异速生长,尾鳍长为等速生长,背鳍长为负异速生长;稚鱼期背鳍长和臀鳍长为正异速生长,胸鳍长、尾鳍长和尾鳍高为等速生长。卵形鲳鲹这些关键部位的快速发育,使外源性营养开始后以最小的代谢损耗获得了生存能力的显著提升,对适应复杂的生存压力具有重要的生态学意义。 相似文献
5.
应用扫描电镜技术对人工繁育鲻（Mugil cephalus）早期发育阶段10、15、23、36、40和44日龄的仔、稚、幼鱼鳃结构作了观察,同时计测其呼吸表面积,探讨幼体体质量、体长与呼吸表面积之间的相关关系。结果显示,随着日龄增长,仔、稚、幼鱼的鳃结构和功能逐渐完善,鳃丝总数随仔、稚、幼鱼全长和体质量的增加分别呈幂指数式和对数式增加;单位长度鳃小片数与体质量之比值随体质量的增长呈幂指数式增加;体质量与总呼吸面积之间的变化关系以及体质量与单个鳃小片面积之间的变化关系可分别用二次项关系式表达。研究结果表明,鲻鳃的发育和分化是与仔、稚、幼鱼的生长、形态发育及生理功能的完善同步。 相似文献
6.
尖吻鲈仔、稚鱼异速生长研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
以16日龄尖吻鲈(Lates calarifer)为仔、稚鱼发育的区分节点,采用Auto CAD 2014软件对尖吻鲈(孵化后1~36 d)关键器官进行测量和分析。研究发现,在尖吻鲈仔、稚鱼的感觉、呼吸、摄食和游泳等重要器官分化的过程中,均表现出异速生长现象。头部器官中,吻长、口宽在仔、稚鱼期表现出生长速率不同的正异速生长;眼径在仔鱼期为等速生长,稚鱼期转化为负异速生长;仔鱼期的头高为正异速生长,稚鱼期转为负异速生长。在躯干部分器官中,头长在仔、稚鱼阶段均为快速生长,体高及躯干长为等速生长。游泳器官中,仔鱼期,尖吻鲈胸鳍保持等速生长,稚鱼期转为正异速生长;尾鳍在仔鱼期为负异速生长,稚鱼期转化为等速生长,而稚鱼期起始分化的背鳍、臀鳍、腹鳍为快速生长。 相似文献
7.
采用实验生态学方法研究了饥饿对条石鲷仔稚幼鱼的影响.结果表明,水温18、22和26 ℃时,初孵仔鱼的PNR点分别出现在6～7 d、6～7 d和4～4.5 d.仔鱼开口摄食时间随温度降低而滞后,22 ℃时初次摄食率最高,26 ℃时初次摄食率降至50%以下.温度对仔稚幼鱼耐饥饿的能力影响明显,18和22 ℃时,前期仔鱼半数死亡时间为4～5 d,而13日龄仔鱼半数死亡时间为2.5 d,24日龄稚鱼的为1.5～2 d,实验鱼饥饿3 d后,大部分已经不能恢复摄食.在26 ℃时,前期仔鱼和13日龄仔鱼的半数死亡时间为1.5 d,24日龄稚鱼为2～2.5 d,而45日龄幼鱼在22和26 ℃时半数死亡时间都为6 d,表明随着生长发育,苗种对饥饿耐受能力明显增强.饥饿对条石鲷幼鱼的生长影响显著(P＜0.05),饥饿条件下的仔鱼全长和体重增加远远低于对照组,甚至出现体重的负增长,30日龄幼鱼在饥饿条件下的体重损失率达到50%以上,而45日龄幼鱼饥饿后的体重损失率约为10%,13日龄仔鱼阶段是条石鲷早期生长发育阶段中较为敏感的阶段. 相似文献
8.
2008年4～8月,采用Winkler法研究了70日龄（平均全长37.68mm,平均体重1.07g）和105日龄（平均全长65.71mm,平均体重5.58g）的条石鲷在不同温度（15、20和25℃）、不同盐度（20、25和30）下的耗氧率、窒息点及耗氧率昼夜变化。结果表明,105日龄组的相对耗氧率明显低于70日龄组,但个体耗氧量明显高于70日龄组;耗氧率随幼鱼体重的增加而相对减少。盐度一定时,温度升高,相对耗氧率和个体耗氧量都随之增大。盐度对70日龄幼鱼组的耗氧率影响显著（P〈0.05）,对105日龄幼鱼组影响不显著（P〉0.05）。盐度25左右、温度20～25℃时是条石鲷苗种培育和生长的最适盐度和最适温度。条石鲷在温度15～25℃、盐度20～30下的窒息点为1.6021～2.9538mgO2/L,窒息点随着个体的增大而降低;温度、盐度对条石鲷窒息点的影响均不显著（P〉0.05）。条石鲷耗氧率的昼夜变化明显,白天的耗氧率平均为0.9459mgO2/g.h,夜间平均为0.2727mgO2/g.h,白天的耗氧率是夜间的3～5倍,条石鲷白天代谢旺盛并持续到夜间22∶00左右。 相似文献
9.
本文旨在对横带髭鲷(Hapaloyenys mucronatus)早期生活史阶段的生长发育特征进行观察和测量, 详细描述胚胎和仔稚幼鱼各发育时期的时间和形态特征。结果表明, 横带髭鲷的受精卵为透明的圆球形浮性卵, 卵径 (1.32±0.01) mm, 多个大小不等的淡黄色油球。胚胎发育经历 6 个主要阶段：卵裂前期、卵裂期、囊胚期、原肠胚期、器官形成期和出膜期。在水温(21.0±0.2) ℃, 盐度 26 条件下, 受精卵约经 36 h 30 min 孵出初孵仔鱼。胚后发育阶段的划分主要依据卵黄囊、油球、鳍膜、鳞片和体色条带的变化, 可分为早期仔鱼期、晚期仔鱼期、稚鱼期和幼鱼期 4 个阶段。初孵仔鱼全长(2.96±0.15) mm, 具单个油球, 3 日龄开口摄食轮虫, 4 日龄卵黄囊消耗完全, 9 日龄油球消耗完全, 24 日龄鳍膜完全消失, 体侧和腹部出现初生栉鳞, 进入稚鱼期。45 日龄被覆栉鳞, 全身黑色素加深, 腹部呈灰白色, 进入幼鱼期。横带髭鲷早期发育过程中有 3 个重要形态特征：从 2 日龄至 38 日龄, 横带髭鲷的头背部 1~9 枚硬棘出现和退化; 从 5 日龄开始腹鳍出现并正异速生长, 至 38 日龄腹鳍逐渐由长翅形退变为扇形; 56 日龄幼鱼期, 体表明显可见 6 条横向黑色素带, 在体态上与成鱼基本相同。 相似文献
10.
将体质量(0.014±0.001) g的杂交鲟(施氏鲟♀×西伯利亚鲟♂)以流水方式养殖87 d,饲养期间随时观察鱼的体征变化,自第7 d开始,每10 d取样测体质量和全长。试验结果显示,水温7~14℃时,初孵仔鱼躯体纤细透明,头部小且紧挨卵黄囊,卵黄囊椭圆形,约占整个身体的2/3。仔鱼发育至第7 d时始开口摄食,进入混合营养阶段,发育至第9 d时卵黄囊基本消失,仔鱼完全进入外源营养阶段,第37 d时,仔鱼发育已进入稚鱼期,发育至第57 d时器官发育基本完善,外部形态和体色近成鱼,进入幼鱼期。仔稚鱼全长日均增长量为1.67 mm,平均瞬时增长率为2.26%,全长(L)与日龄(t)生长关系式为L=0.1546t+1.2357(r2=0.9812)。体质量日均增长量为0.25 g,平均瞬时生长率为5.51%,体质量(m)与日龄生长关系式为m=0.3379e0.0479t(r2=0.9851)。体质量与全长生长关系式为m=0.0289L2.3444(r2=0.993),幂指数小于3,表明杂交鲟仔稚鱼的体质量生长比全长生长慢,为异速生长。 相似文献
11.
蛇鮈人工繁殖试验及其仔鱼异速生长模式的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
2014-2016年在湖北省黄冈市赤东湖渔场对210尾湖泊野生蛇鮈(Saurogobio dabryi Bleeker)进行了人工繁殖试验,并对0~20日龄仔鱼的异速生长模式进行研究。结果显示:注射绒毛膜促性腺激素(HCG)、促黄体素释放激素类似物(LRH-A_2)和马来酸地欧酮(DOM)可促使成熟的雌性亲鱼产卵。产卵量为38.96万粒,孵出鱼苗13.5万尾,平均催产率、平均受精率、平均孵化率分别为75.0%、64.85%、55.15%。蛇鮈仔鱼的许多关键器官均存在异速生长现象。全长生长分为2个阶段,由慢速生长到快速生长的转折点为10日龄。头长、尾长、吻长均表现为正异速生长,而躯干长、胸鳍长表现为负异速生长。眼径的生长在4日龄时出现拐点,由等速生长转变为负异速生长。 相似文献
12.
金乌贼的早期生长发育特征 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
收集金乌贼(Sepia esculenta)受精卵, 对孵化后1~56日龄金乌贼幼体的胴背长、胴宽、体质量、骨板壳长、壳宽及骨板层数进行了测量, 分析了金乌贼幼体早期发育特征和功能器官的异速生长特征。结果表明, 金乌贼幼体早期发育过程中, 胴背长、体质量和骨板层数分别与日龄呈指数关系, 但由于器官发育的逐步完善和饵料生物种类的转变, 早期发育过程可分为两个不同阶段。两个发育阶段骨板层数的增长率均显著小于1(P<0.05), 因此骨板层数不能成为判定其日龄的指标。胴体和骨板的生长均出现异速生长的特点, 表明金乌贼有关运动的重要器官具有优先发育的特征。研究结果验证了在头足类早期发育过程中功能器官亦存在异速生长的假设, 并为金乌贼种苗的人工培育提供了参考依据。
13.
Morphological development and allometric growth of yellowtail kingfish Seriola lalandi V. larvae under culture conditions 
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下载免费PDF全文 Emmanuel Martínez‐Montaño Karina González‐Álvarez Juan Pablo Lazo Juan Manuel Audelo‐Naranjo Antonio Vélez‐Medel 《Aquaculture Research》2016,47(4):1277-1287
Morphological development and allometric growth patterns of Seriola lalandi larvae were assessed to characterize normal growth patterns under culture conditions. Early ontogenetic stages of yellowtail kingfish exhibited an exponential growth in terms of standard length as a function of age. Five development stages were characterized from hatching to the juvenile stage: larval stage I (0–2 days post hatch, dph) with endogenous feeding, characterized by a small yolk sac, unpigmented eyes, primordial finfold surrounding the body and a closed mouth; larval stage II (2–15 dph) characterized by mouth opening, complete pigmentation of eyes and the beginning of the exogenous feeding; subsequently, in the larval stage III (15–25 dph) the posterior tip of notochord of the larvae bended upward and the first rays appeared in fins, concomitant with a change in swimming behaviour; thereafter, larval stage IV (post‐flexion stage; 25–30 dph) began when larvae resembled in morphology to a juvenile organism; however, caudal and dorsal fins were not completely development. Lastly, the juvenile stage was reached 30 dph characterized by a morphology and fin structures similar to those of the adults. Growth and development of structures and organs associated with vital functions such as feeding, sensorial and breathing systems seemed to be more critical previous to 23 dph, which was reflected with a positive allometric growth of head and eyes during this period. The results from this study can be used as a tool‐guide to assess normal development in larval research with S. lalandi to improve existing rearing protocols in hatchery production. 相似文献
14.
At 25 °C, metamorphosis in leopard grouper Mycteroperca rosacea larvae took 60 days after hatching. The total length at day 1 was 1.95±0.22 mm and juveniles reached a length of 30.64±0.23 mm at day 60; the increase was approximately linear. We describe eight stages of development during this period. Larvae with the yolk sac attached occur from days 1 to 4 (Stages 1 and 2). The preflexion occurs on days 5–20 (Stages 3 and 4). Bending notochord occurred at day 25 (Stage 5). The other morphological changes that precede the juvenile phase occurred progressively until day 60 (Stages 6–8). Allometric growth in the height and length of the head, trunk length, height and length of the tail and the diameter of the eye compared with the total length showed two distinct stages of growth. Inflexion point, where growth is positive, occurred when larvae reached between 18.75 and 21.59 mm, which corresponds to larvae at days 35–40. 相似文献
15.
Krzysztof Kupren Izabela Trąbska Daniel Żarski Sławomir Krejszeff Katarzyna Palińska-Żarska Dariusz Kucharczyk 《Aquaculture International》2014,22(1):29-39
This study analyzed the morphological development and allometric growth patterns of Lota lota L. (burbot) larvae reared under controlled laboratory conditions. From hatching to day 50, twenty larvae were sampled each [between 1 and 14 days post-hatch (DPH)] or every second day (between 14 and 50 DPH) and measured under a stereoscopic microscope using analytic software. Based on the external morphology, the different stages during early development of burbot were identified: yolk sac larva 0–8 DPH [3.92–4.37 mm total length (TL)]; preflexion larva 9–26 DPH (4.57–12.06 mm TL); flexion larva (between notochord degradation and its replacement with rays) 28–34 DPH (14.00–16.34 mm TL) and postflexion larva/juvenile 36–50 DPH (18.20–29.27 mm TL). Allometric growth patterns of some parameters (e.g., total length, head length, body length, tail length, head depth, body depth, eye diameter) were modeled by a power function and described by the growth coefficient. Organogenesis and changes of body proportions in burbot larvae were more rapid and complex during the yolk sac and preflexion phase of development as larvae developed most of their sensorial, feeding, respiratory and swimming systems and after notochord flexion, when most morphological changes were related to the progressive transformation from pelagic larva to demersal larva/juvenile. 相似文献
16.
The present study examined the appearance, ossification and growth of the bones that form the oral cavity in early larval stages of laboratory reared red sea bream ( Pagrus major ) for 380 h after hatching. The fundamental elements of the oral cavity appeared 11 h after initial mouth opening (HAMO). Development in the red sea bream, based on the osteological development of the feeding apparatus, was divided into three phases following the first feeding (24 HAMO; mean total body length 3.3 mm). The first phase was the early sucking phase (24 to 80–100 HAMO; approximately 3.9 mm), during which the head and bones increased in size. The intensified sucking phase (to 200–220 HAMO; approximately 4.9 mm) was defined by the appearance of new structural elements and a continued enlargement of the head and bones. Finally, during the transition phase (beyond 300 HAMO; approximately 5.6 mm), larvae used grasping as well as sucking to feed, new elements appeared, ossification began, size increased and teeth were acquired. As the larvae advanced through these three phases, the ability to feed by sucking was enhanced by the appearance and growth of new bones. The developmental phases appear to be linked to the transition from endogenous to exogenous nutrition resources under laboratory rearing conditions and to diversification in the size and components of wild food organisms. 相似文献
17.
Lorena Bettinelli Nogueira Alexandre Lima Godinho Hugo Pereira Godinho 《Aquaculture Research》2014,45(6):1004-1011
The characin piracanjuba, Brycon orbignyanus (Valenciennes, 1850), has been recognized as a candidate species for aquaculture. The early morphological development and allometric growth of hatchery‐reared piracanjuba were studied from hatching to the juvenile stage, at water temperature of 27.9 ± 0.6°C. Growth, in total length (TL), was linear during that period. At hatching (3.4 ± 0.2 mm TL), the non‐pigmented free embryo had most functional systems not fully differentiated. The primordial finfold was almost completely absorbed, except the preanal segment, in individuals measuring 9.1 ± 0.4 mm TL. Retinal pigmentation occurred as early as 24 hours posthatching (hph). The yolk sac was no longer observed after 60 hph. Body proportion and growth rates changed considerably during early morphological development. The head experienced positive allometric growth in length throughout the interval of study, and at the inflexion point of 6.6 mm TL, head growth had reduced significantly, but still remained allometrically positive. Trunk length showed negative allometric growth throughout the period of study. The growth of the postanal length was allometrically positive until the inflexion point at 7.1 mm TL, and thereafter decreased to near isometric. The allometric growth changes in the piracanjuba during initial life likely result from selective organogenesis directed towards survival priorities. 相似文献
18.
Awatef Trabelsi Jean‐Noël Gardeur Fabrice Teletchea Jean Brun‐Bellut Pascal Fontaine 《Aquaculture Research》2013,44(4):657-666
Based on the analysis of 11 morphometric variables of body (total length, body area and perimeter, myotome height and eye diameter) and yolk sac (length, height, area, perimeter and volume) of pike larvae, the aim of this study was to evaluate how larval size at hatching and growth of larvae hatched from single egg batches vary according to three hatching times: early, mid and late. Hatching time structures strongly pike larval morphometrics. Early hatched larvae have smaller body sizes at hatch, faster growth and higher yolk use efficiency than late hatched ones. Early hatched larvae seem to be premature and hatch at precocious developmental stage whereas late hatched individuals continue their growth within the egg shell and hatch at larger size but with lower reserves (yolk). A compensatory growth phase was observed for the early hatching pike larvae particularly during the first 5 days post hatch. Consequently, no significant difference in body parameters was recorded from day 10 post hatching whatever the hatching time. The higher growth accomplished by early hatched larvae may be related to a particular metabolic activity that converts more efficiently yolk into body tissues. 相似文献