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为了解食品动物源沙门菌血清型分布及耐药状况.采用生化鉴定、血清学及沙门菌invA基因PCR方法对分离自不同食品动物源菌株进行沙门菌鉴定;采用微量肉汤稀释法进行菌株对20种药物的敏感性试验.结果显示,本次研究共鉴定出316株沙门菌,14个血清型,以鸡白痢、菲利斯河沙门菌和吉韦沙门菌为主;316株菌株对20种药物呈不同水平的耐药性,对氨苄西林、阿莫西林/克拉维酸、链霉素、四环素、多西环素、奈啶酸、磺胺异噁唑等药物耐药率超过40％;95.5％的菌株呈多重耐药性;猪源、牛源菌株耐药性较禽源严重.以上情况说明,本次分离的食品动物源沙门菌血清型分布广,菌株耐药性较为严重.临床上应把生长周期长的动物体内细菌作为耐药性检测重点,在食品动物生产上应谨慎使用抗菌药物. 相似文献
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河南省种鸡场鸡白痢沙门菌的耐药性分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为调查河南省种鸡场鸡白痢沙门菌耐药状况,选用20种抗菌药物,采用K-B纸片法对2014-2015年分离自6个地区12个规模化种鸡场的395株鸡白痢沙门菌的耐药性进行检测,并运用PCR法对37种相关耐药基因进行检测。结果显示:分离菌株对磺胺异噁唑(74. 18%)、氨苄西林(50. 89%)、四环素(44. 56%)、土霉素(43. 05%)、磺胺甲噁唑/甲氧苄啶(17. 97%)耐药较严重;且27. 84%(110/395)的菌株表现为多重耐药,最严重的可耐14种药物; 88. 19%的菌株对环丙沙星表现中介;分离菌株耐药率与耐药谱在不同地区或同一地区不同场间存在差异;共检测到12种耐药基因,且耐药基因与耐药表型的符合率在83%以上。表明河南省种鸡场鸡白痢沙门菌对青霉素类、四环素类、磺胺类药物耐药普遍,多重耐药较严重,耐药基因广泛存在于耐药菌株中。 相似文献
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为确定内蒙古地区羊源大肠杆菌的耐药表型及其耐药基因的流行情况,本研究采用微量稀释法测定了内蒙古地区108株羊源大肠杆菌对13种临床常用抗菌药物的最小抑菌浓度。结果显示,分离菌株对阿莫西林、头孢噻吩、磺胺甲唑、黏菌素的耐药率最高,均达100.0%,对阿莫西林/克拉维酸、四环素、环丙沙星的耐药率在50%~80%之间,对头孢噻肟、美洛培南、新霉素的耐药率均低于10%,较为敏感。108株羊源大肠杆菌中耐7种以上药物的菌株占94.4%,其中15.6%菌株对13种抗菌药物耐药,只有1株菌对所有抗菌药物敏感。采用PCR方法对羊源大肠杆菌分离株所携带的6种相关耐药基因进行检测,结果显示,6种耐药基因中的4种耐药基因blaTEM、proP-2、sul-Ⅰ、ampG检出率超过50%,耐药基因aph（3'）-Ⅰ携带率达40%,只有耐药基因aac（3）-Ⅱ检出率仅为5.5%。由此可见,内蒙古地区羊源大肠杆菌对13种抗菌药物产生了不同程度的耐药性,且存在严重的多重耐药情况,羊源大肠杆菌分离株携带aph（3'）-Ⅰ、sul-Ⅰ、ampG、blaTEM、proP-2、aac（3）-Ⅱ耐药基因。 相似文献
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《动物医学进展》2015,(11)
为了解银川地区鸡源沙门菌的耐药性及优势血清型,采用药敏纸片扩散法测定了69株鸡源沙门菌对常用12种抗菌药物的耐药率,同时采用玻板凝集法对沙门菌进行了血清型鉴定。结果显示,所有菌株对12种抗菌药物均产生了不同程度的耐药性,其中对萘啶酸、复方新诺明、氨苄西林、头孢唑啉的耐药率较高;对美洛培南、环丙沙星的耐药菌株比率较低;多重耐药情况比较严重,部分菌株同时具有对12种抗菌药物的耐药性,具有5重耐药能力的菌株占21.74%。分离到的菌株中主要血清型为鸡白痢沙门菌(S.gallinarum),其次为鼠伤寒沙门菌(S.typhimurium)和伤寒沙门菌(S.typhi)。 相似文献
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为了解豫北地区规模化养殖场猪源大肠杆菌的耐药性及基因多态性,对分离的21株猪源大肠杆菌进行药物敏感实验,采用PCR技术对其耐药基因进行检测,RAPD技术进行基因多态性分析。结果表明:豫北地区规模化养殖场分离的猪源性大肠杆菌菌株对常见16种抗生素存在不同情况的耐药性。其中对四环素、红霉素、麦迪霉素、阿莫西林、磺胺异恶唑、环丙沙星、新生霉素、复方新诺明、恩诺沙星、甲氧苄啶的耐药率均为100%,对庆大霉素、洛美沙星的耐药率为85%以上,对其他药物的耐药率相对较低;PCR检测得到8种耐药基因的条带;对菌株进行RAPD分析得到7种不同的基因型。大肠杆菌极易产生耐药性,耐药基因广泛存在于耐药菌株中,但耐药表型与耐药基因之间无绝对相关性。豫北地区猪源大肠杆菌感染多重耐药十分严重,严重影响了该地区猪源大肠杆菌病的诊治和预防。 相似文献
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对180株鸡源大肠杆菌分离菌株进行O血清型鉴定,鉴定出171个分离菌株的O血清型40种,占分离菌株的95%,其中O76血清型的菌株最多,有40株,占定型菌株的23.9%,为优势血清型菌株。采用微量稀释法药敏试验监测了180株鸡源大肠杆菌分离菌株对20种抗菌药物的耐药性,结果表明,除头孢曲松、头孢氨噻肟、头孢噻呋、阿米卡星、氟苯尼考外,分离菌株对其余15种抗生素均呈现出不同程度的耐药性,其中,172株大肠杆菌分离菌株对两种或多种抗生素有耐药性,对萘啶酸的耐药率最高93.3%,其次是四环素88.9%、氨苄青霉素72.8%、阿莫西林71.7%、罗比沙星64.4%、沙拉沙星62.8%。大多数分离株对氟喹诺酮类药物有很高的耐药率52.9%～93.3%,并表现出多重耐药性,124株分离株表现为对2种以上氟喹诺酮类药物的耐药性。 相似文献
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《中国兽医杂志》2018,(9)
为了解贵州省猪源大肠杆菌对磺胺类抗菌药物的耐药性及其耐药基因的流行情况,采用微量肉汤稀释法测定66株从贵州省6个地区规模化养猪场分离保种的猪源大肠杆菌对5种磺胺类抗菌药物敏感性,并用PCR方法对磺胺类耐药的sul基因进行检测。结果显示,贵州省猪源大肠杆菌对磺胺二甲嘧啶耐药率为93. 94%,其次是磺胺甲噁唑和磺胺噻唑耐药率分别为86. 36%、89. 39%,磺胺间甲氧嘧啶和磺胺嘧啶耐药率分别为84. 85%、80. 30%。66株大肠杆菌sul基因的检出率为100%,其中sul3为100%(66/66),sul1为89. 4%(59/66),sul2为77. 3%(51/66),同时携带sul1、sul2及sul3三种基因型的大肠杆菌占74. 2%(49/66)。结论:贵州省6个地区规模化养猪场大肠杆菌对磺胺类药物耐药形式严峻,磺胺类sul3耐药基因携带率较高。 相似文献
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动物大肠杆菌耐药性的变化趋势 总被引：51，自引：0，他引：51
本试验对50年代至90年代初分离保存的50株大肠杆菌进行了药物敏感性测定。结果表明，随着时间的推移，菌株对15种抗菌药物的耐性呈现不同程度的上升趋势，50年代的大肠杆菌分离株对15种抗菌药物均敏感，60年代的分离株对链霉素、四环素产生耐药，70年代对氨苄西林、氯霉素、磺胺甲基异唑、四环素、链霉素、甲氧苄胺嘧啶6种抗生素产生耐药，80年代至90年代初对阿莫西林／奥格门丁、庆大霉素、卡那霉素、萘啶酸、头孢噻吩、氨苄西林、氯霉素、磺胺甲基异唑、四环素、链霉素、甲氧苄胺嘧啶11种抗生素产生耐药，菌株的多重耐药性呈上升趋势。 相似文献
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Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1984,25(9):347-350
In late December 1983, 2 800 veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of heartworm disease in Canada in 1983 and 26% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 59 504 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 771 dogs (1.30% of those tested) were found with Dirofilaria immitis. Heartworm disease was diagnosed in all provinces except New Brunswick and Newfoundland but most (733) of the cases were in Ontario.
Heartworm disease was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 31% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 64% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continues to be the focus of the infection and most of the dogs there had not left the province previously.
相似文献13.
Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1982 总被引：8，自引：8，他引：0
Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1983,24(7):227-229
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Ovine scrapie was first recorded in Cyprus in 1985. Subsequently four dairy goats kept in two mixed flocks with affected sheep developed characteristic clinical signs similar to those seen in sheep. Fifteen goats from the two flocks were examined histologically and neurological lesions consistent with a diagnosis of scrapie were found in the four animals and in three others which had subsequently developed early neurological signs. These lesions were similar to those of naturally-affected sheep although neuronal degeneration and vacuolation were more severe in some cases. 相似文献
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Owen J Slocombe D McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1986,27(9):324-328
In late December 1985, 1485 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1985 and 44% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 137,300 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1210 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 36 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number diagnosed in 1985 as 1247 (0.91%).
Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Saskatchewan but most (1126) of the cases were in Ontario. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. From Quebec, 91 cases were reported mostly from and around Montreal. From Manitoba, 19 cases were reported from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 28% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 78% had a history of not having left Canada.
相似文献16.
Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1989,30(6):504-508
In late November 1988, 1581 small and mixed animal clinics and institutional veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1988, and 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 181,577 dogs were blood-tested for heartworm disease and 367 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 60 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1988 as 441 (0.24%). 相似文献
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Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1985,26(10):323-327
In late December 1984, 1853 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1984 and 35% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 97,794 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1417 dogs (1.45% of those tested) were found with heartworm. Another 34 dogs were amicrofilaremic, but were diagnosed as having heartworm disease, to give the total number diagnosed in 1984 as 1451 (1.48%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland but most (1310) of the cases were in Ontario. In Quebec, 126 cases were reported mostly from west of Montreal.
Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 27% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 72% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection.
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In late November 1989, 1732 clinics and institutional veterinarians were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis, and 51.7% responded. Of 247,716 dogs tested, 394 had D. immitis microfilariae and 51 were amicrofilaremic for a total of 445 cases and heartworm prevalence of 0.17%. Most (408) of these dogs had no preventive medication and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 1.01%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Thirty-seven dogs with heartworm had preventive medication. Heartworm was most frequent in companion dogs over three years of age maintained outdoors in rural areas. About 75% of the cases had never left Canada, 26% had clinical signs and 125 were not treated.
Heartworm was reported from British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, but 383 cases were in Ontario. South-western Ontario was the primary focus of infection. There were 33 cases in Quebec and 24 in Manitoba, mainly found in and around Metropolitan Montreal and Winnipeg respectively.
相似文献20.
Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1988,29(8):641-646
In late November 1987, 1246 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1987, and 50% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 165,428 dogs were blood tested for heartworm disease and 511 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 78 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1987 as 589 (0.35%). 相似文献