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1.
为获得具有高黏附与聚集、抗肿瘤及抗菌特性的益生乳杆菌,本研究以10株经16s r DNA鉴定的乳杆菌为候选菌,以结肠癌HT-29细胞为体外模型研究其黏附能力和抗肿瘤特性及其黏附能力与自聚集能力的相关性。将乳杆菌与致病性大肠埃希氏菌、鸡白痢沙门氏菌及金黄色葡萄球菌分别共孵育,探究了乳杆菌的共聚集能力与抗菌能力。结果显示:有6株乳杆菌的自聚集能力在20%以上;4株乳杆菌粘附内化HT-29细胞的内化率超过5%,经荧光显微镜观察,菌株Lac.99对HT-29细胞具有最强的黏附特性;菌株Lac.117和Lac.56对HT-29细胞的生长具有较好的抑制作用;4株乳杆菌对指示致病菌具有较强的拮抗作用,其中Lac.117菌株作用最强。综上所述,候选菌株中Lac.56在黏附、抗菌和抗肿瘤方面均表现出良好的益生特性,本实验为进一步研究和开发具有潜在应用价值的益生菌制剂提供了依据。  相似文献   

2.
为研究鸭源鸡杆菌(G.anatis)体外黏附和侵袭细胞的能力,选择HeLa细胞为感染模型,分别以细菌黏附和侵袭HeLa细胞数量为指标,借助革兰和姬姆萨染色及电镜观察来研究2株不同来源的鸭源鸡杆菌对HeLa细胞的黏附和侵袭特性。结果显示:黏附计数表明鸭源鸡杆菌Yu-PDS-RZ-1-SLG能高水平黏附HeLa细胞,菌株感染30、60、90、120、150min后每细胞黏附的细菌数分别为0.84、4.68、8.52、9.27、8.2个,而菌株F149T对HeLa细胞有较低的黏附作用。侵袭试验表明Yu-PDS-RZ-1-SLG有低度侵袭力,侵袭的细菌数在150min时达到最大,约8.27·1 000细胞-1,随后细胞破碎,细胞逐渐脱落,而菌株F149T未检测到侵袭力。染色及电镜试验进一步证实鸭源鸡杆菌Yu-PDS-RZ-1-SLG可黏附于HeLa细胞表面并侵入细胞内部。菌株经胰蛋白酶处理后,细菌的黏附率显著降低,表明细菌的表面蛋白参与黏附。黏附和入侵特性是鸭源鸡杆菌定殖在组织表面重要的能力,该细胞模型的建立为进一步研究其致病机制提供了条件。  相似文献   

3.
旨在初步分析牛支原体(Mycoplasma bovis)PG45菌株0580基因的生物学功能。前期测试发现牛支原体PG45菌株、08M菌株、07801菌株都有溶解鼠红细胞的现象,根据NCBI中对PG45菌株的基因注释,筛选到1个假定与溶血素相关的基因MBOVPG45＿0580。该基因编码的蛋白经预测具有4个跨膜区,全长表达困难,故构建了不含跨膜区的C端截短体原核表达载体Pcold III-0580-C,进行诱导表达以及纯化,并在小鼠中制备0580-C端重组蛋白的多克隆抗体,对0580-C重组蛋白溶红细胞能力、多克隆抗体效价及特异性、是否影响菌株黏附细胞的能力进行了探究。PG45菌株中假定的与溶血素相关的蛋白0580在牛支原体中的相似性高达100%,去除4个跨膜区的重组蛋白0580-C能在大肠杆菌中表达,相对分子质量约为37 ku;鼠红细胞溶血试验发现0580-C重组蛋白没有溶血活性,但黏附及黏附阻断试验发现该蛋白有助于提高牛支原体黏附EBL细胞的效率,0580-C蛋白鼠源多抗能有效阻断牛支原体对EBL细胞的黏附。制备的0580-C蛋白鼠源多克隆抗体效价达211,且...  相似文献   

4.
研究采用平板扩散抑菌试验和体外细胞黏附模型探究某种饲用微生态制剂的抑菌效果和鸡肠上皮细胞黏附能力。试验结果表明:此种微生态制剂抑菌活性随着质量浓度增大而增强,抑菌的最适pH约为5.0,最适温度约为37℃,具有一定的耐酸性及耐热性;每100个鸡肠上皮细胞上黏附数平均为(3 044.38±58.21)个,黏附率平均为(20.39±0.39)%。  相似文献   

5.
本研究旨在调查浙江省猪源产肠毒素性大肠杆菌的流行情况和毒力基因特征。采用标准细菌学方法对大肠杆菌进行分离,并用聚合酶链反应(PCR)方法检测大肠杆菌的毒力基因。2014-2021年共分离到137个携带ETEC黏附素或肠毒素基因的大肠杆菌菌株,其中禁抗后平均每年分离到的菌株数量是禁抗前的2倍。肠毒素基因检测结果表明,STb (129/137,94.2%)最常见,其次是STa (64/137,46.7%)和LT (62/137,45.3%);黏附素基因以F18 (56/137,40.9%)最占优势,其次为K88 (28/137,20.4%),未检测到K99和987P及F41等黏附素。上述137个临床分离株中共检测到16种不同的毒力因子模式,平均每8.6个菌株产生一种不同的毒力因子模式;其中39.4%的菌株仅携带肠毒素基因,检测不到经典的黏附素基因,而1.5%的菌株则与之相反。共有81株菌同时检测到肠毒素和黏附素基因,占检出总数的59.1%。在所有被检测的生长阶段,肠毒素STb均为检出率最高的肠毒素,且随着日龄增加检出率逐渐降低。黏附素F18随着仔猪日龄的增加检出率不断提高;K88黏附素在各...  相似文献   

6.
为获得犬科动物源乳酸菌并对其益生潜能进行评价,本研究通过测定生长曲线、产酸能力、对低pH和高胆盐环境的耐受性、在体外模拟胃肠道溶液中的存活能力、抑菌能力、抗生素抗性、对蓝狐小肠上皮原代细胞的黏附能力及抗氧化性评价了菌株ZJBF004的益生特性。结果表明:利用固体乳酸细菌培养基从蓝狐的肠道内容物中分离到1株优势乳酸菌,将其命名为菌株ZJBF004,经菌落菌体形态、生理生化特性和16S rRNA基因序列分析鉴定其为约氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus johnsonii)。菌株ZJBF004产酸能力较强且在37℃培养时能迅速进入对数生长期;在pH=5的培养基中耐受6 h时仍能保持较好的生长情况,在胆盐浓度为3 g/L的条件下至少可耐受6 h,且存活率高于70%,在人工模拟胃液和肠液中耐受3 h时存活率高于90%;对大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌具有良好的抑菌效果;对蓝狐小肠上皮原代细胞的黏附能力为(18.67±3.12)个/细胞;1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(DPPH)自由基清除率为28.50%,表明菌株ZJBF004具有一定的抗氧化活性。由此可见,新分离的蓝狐源约氏乳杆菌菌株ZJBF004具有优良的体外益生性能,可作为潜在犬科动物用益生菌进一步研究。  相似文献   

7.
为了研究不同培养条件对乳酸菌黏附猪小肠黏膜上皮细胞的影响,试验采用体外细胞培养方法,观察乳酸杆菌在不同条件下(如p H值、温度、离子浓度)黏附猪小肠黏膜上皮细胞的能力。结果表明:p H值为6时,小肠黏膜上皮细胞黏附乳酸杆菌数为(15.60±0.58)个,较其他p H值时多;与其他温度(30℃和42℃)相比,37℃时猪小肠黏膜上皮细胞黏附乳酸杆菌数最多,为(22.44±1.05)个/细胞;与其他浓度相比较,猪小肠黏膜上皮细胞黏附乳酸杆菌数最多的是,2 mmol/L Ca2+时为(11.36±2.36)个/细胞,2 mmol/L Mg2+时为(18.75±1.37)个/细胞,0.005 mmol/L Fe2+时为(22.48±2.78)个/细胞,0.000 5 mmol/L Cu2+时为(20.24±2.35)个/细胞,0.002 5 mmol/L Zn2+时为(17.48±1.59)个/细胞;不同浓度的S2-对乳酸杆菌黏附小肠黏膜上皮细胞黏附性影响不显著;0.005 mmol/L I-时小肠黏膜上皮细胞黏附细菌数为(19.68±1.25)个/细胞,其他浓度I-对乳酸杆菌的细胞黏附性影响不显著。说明乳酸杆菌与猪小肠黏膜上皮细胞黏附的最佳酸碱度、温度分别为p H值为6~7、37~42℃;Ca2+、Mg2+、Fe2+、Cu2+、Zn2+、I-等6种离子的最适浓度分别为2,2,0.005,0.000 5,0.002 5,0.005 mmol/L。  相似文献   

8.
为研究牦牛源多杀性巴氏杆菌(Pasteurella multocida, Pm)rpoE基因在Tibet-Pm1菌株中的部分生物学特性,试验利用同源重组技术筛选出rpoE基因缺失株Tibet-Pm1-ΔrpoE,分析缺失株和原菌株Tibet-Pm1在外界环境生长、环境胁迫存活率、生物被膜形成、细胞黏附性和致病性上的差异。结果表明：利用同源重组技术成功构建出rpoE基因缺失株Tibet-Pm1-ΔrpoE。缺失株的平均OD595值为0.135,显著低于Tibet-Pm1菌株的平均OD595值0.337(P<0.05)。在20℃条件下,Tibet-Pm1-ΔrpoE菌株生长较缓慢,两种菌株的生长存在明显差异;不同温度下3 h内两种菌株生长的差异性较小。在紫外线照射条件下,Tibet-Pm1-ΔrpoE菌株的存活率由21.3%降到16.7%;在50℃高温条件下,Tibet-Pm1-ΔrpoE菌株的存活率由0.75%降到0.59%。在细胞黏附试验中,Tibet-Pm1-ΔrpoE菌株在MDBK中的黏附性由6.67×105 ...  相似文献   

9.
沙门菌血清D群3个血清型FliC蛋白氨基酸序列比对分析表明肠炎沙门菌与鸡伤寒沙门菌完全相同，二者与鸡白痢沙门菌存在第91位氨基酸位点差异。本研究旨在探究肠炎沙门菌FliC蛋白第91位精氨酸突变对鞭毛形态、细菌运动性和小鼠体内定植能力的影响。运用λ-Red同源重组技术删除肠炎沙门菌CICC10467 fliC基因，构建系列反式回补突变株，通过体外生长特性试验和Western blot试验分析各菌株生长和FliC蛋白表达情况，运动性试验分析各菌株在半固体琼脂中的泳动能力，电子显微镜观察各菌株鞭毛形态，细胞感染试验分析各菌株的细胞黏附和入侵能力，动物感染试验分析各菌株的组织侵染能力。结果表明，fliC基因缺失株及点突变回补株与野生株的体外生长能力无显著差异（P ≥ 0.05）。fliC基因缺失后肠炎沙门菌不表达鞭毛蛋白，各点突变回补株与野生株鞭毛蛋白表达量无明显差异。FliC蛋白R91S突变导致肠炎沙门菌鞭毛形态由超螺旋形态转变为钝直、柔韧度减弱，运动性显著降低（P<0.000 1），对RAW264.7和HCT116细胞的黏附入侵能力显著下降（P<0.001），对BALB/c小鼠的器官侵染能力显著减弱（P<0.001）。综上表明，FliC蛋白第91位精氨酸对维持细菌运动性至关重要，第91位精氨酸突变能够显著改变肠炎沙门菌鞭毛形态，减弱肠炎沙门菌在小鼠体内定植能力。  相似文献   

10.
研究旨在筛选高黏附特性的鸡源乳酸菌，评价其主要生物学特性。试验应用MRS琼脂培养基从SPF鸡十二指肠、盲肠及小肠分离菌株，通过形态学观察、生理生化试验进行初步筛选，随后采用ERIC-PCR与16S rRNA基因序列分析相结合的方法对分离菌株进行种属鉴定，并对分离鉴定的乳酸菌株进行黏附能力、耐酸与耐胆汁特性、生长曲线、体外传代能力等生物学特征进行分析。结果显示：在34株分离菌株中鉴定到9种基因型，其中7株为罗伊氏乳杆菌、2株为约氏乳杆菌。菌株编号为C7的罗伊氏乳酸杆菌对HT-29细胞黏附率为（32.3±1.67）%，显著高于商品化乳酸乳球菌MG1363株和乳杆菌BNCC182567株以及除S3株外的其他分离株（P<0.05）；在pH2.0～5.0条件下存活率均高于100%，在40%与60%新鲜鸡胆汁作用下存活率分别为（116.67±11.89）%和（102.33±10.87）%，在体外连续传代10代仍能保持良好的活力。结果表明分离获得的C7分离株为罗伊氏乳酸杆菌，具有高黏附特性、耐酸与耐胆汁特性，该菌株为研究益生菌制剂及口服疫苗表达载体奠定了初步基础。  相似文献   

11.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

12.
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.  相似文献   

13.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

14.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

15.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host.  相似文献   

16.
Comparison of different tests to diagnose feline infectious peritonitis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
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17.
An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed.  相似文献   

18.
Serum biochemical values and the wet weight to dry weight ratios of tissues were determined in yaks in Shandan county of Gansu province. The liver, kidney, heart and muscle contents of seven elements in yaks were also analysed. Most serum biochemical values were similar to those of cattle, camels and sheep, but the calcium concentration was considerably above the normal range for other ruminants. The liver contained the highest concentrations of copper, manganese and cobalt and the kidney of selenium, iron and calcium.Abbreviations Alb albumin - ALT alanine aminotransferase - AST aspartate aminotransferase - BUN blood urea nitrogen - Chol cholesterol - Glob globulin - -GT -glutamyl transpeptidase - IP inorganic phosphorus - TP total protein  相似文献   

19.
正We are pleased to publish the second special issue on avian brood parasitism and to be responsible guest editors for the two special issues of Chinese Birds (Vol. 3, No. 4, 2012 and Vol. 4, No. 1, 2013), entitled "Avian Brood Parasitism - A Growing Research Area in Behavioral Ecology". The first issue was published in December 2012. The goal of the two special issues is to publish accumulated knowledge and some of the recent developments in  相似文献   

20.
Tropical Animal Health and Production -  相似文献   

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