共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 312 毫秒
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为了学习、掌握日本农用地膜生产及使用现状,作者一行赴日本东京都、爱知县、群马县、茨城县等地的日本中央农协、农庄、农业试验场以及地膜生产企业,对日本农用地膜的生产和应用,农用麻地膜的开发现状,以及中国农业科学院麻类研究所环保型麻地膜在日本的试验应用情况进行了较详细的考察和调研。考察发现,日本很多作物栽培普遍使用塑料地膜覆盖,使用后的废弃地膜由专门的回收公司进行处理,不污染环境。由于成本较高,机械强度较差等原因,日本纸地膜等可降解地膜的生产和使用量很少。中国农业科学院麻类研究所生产的环保型麻地膜在夏季覆盖蔬菜有较好的防虫和增产效果,因其效果较好、价格适中受到日本农户喜爱,希望能尽快在日本试用。 相似文献
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日本农用地膜生产及应用现状考察报告 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6
为了学习、掌握日本农用地膜生产及使用现状,作者一行赴日本东京都、爱知县、群马县、茨城县等地的日本中央农协、农庄、农业试验场以及地膜生产企业,对日本农用地膜的生产和应用,农用麻地膜的开发现状,以及中国农业科学院麻类研究所环保型麻地膜在日本的试验应用情况进行了较详细的考察和调研.考察发现,日本很多作物栽培普遍使用塑料地膜覆盖,使用后的废弃地膜由专门的回收公司进行处理,不污染环境.由于成本较高,机械强度较差等原因,日本纸地膜等可降解地膜的生产和使用量很少.中国农业科学院麻类研究所生产的环保型麻地膜在夏季覆盖蔬菜有较好的防虫和增产效果,因其效果较好、价格适中受到日本农户喜爱,希望能尽快在日本试用. 相似文献
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环保型麻地膜的研究进展与展望 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文在分析我国农用地膜的应用以及可降解地膜研究现状的基础之上．介绍了我国环保型麻地膜的研究与开发进展，分析了环保型麻地膜产业化和推广应用前景及意义，提出了进一步研究开发的设想。 相似文献
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试验采取全植物纤维地膜纸的方式来进行水稻培育试验,结果表明:由于地膜的覆盖,盖在下面的杂草种子很难发芽,由于没有杂草与水稻争水、争肥、争光照,全部营养都集中在水稻上,使水稻的长势较健壮,分蘖数较多,结穗较大。采用地膜纸覆膜方法栽培水稻具有显著的经济效益和社会效益。 相似文献
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氧化-生物双降解地膜对棉花生长影响及降解效果 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
研究氧化-生物双降解地膜对棉花生长的影响及降解效果,为氧化-生物双降解地膜代替普通聚乙烯地膜的可行性及推广应用提供理论参考。试验采用2种不同配方的氧化-生物双降解地膜,以普通聚乙烯地膜作为对照,分析不同降解地膜对棉花生长及产量的影响,观测增温保墒效果,明确降解性能。结果表明：2种降解地膜对棉花生育期、农艺性状、产量性状和纤维品质未产生显著影响,籽棉产量和增温保墒效果与普通地膜基本相同;诱导期为39 d的2018新疆阿拉尔棉花1号降解膜降解率达47.3 %,显著高于其他处理,具有较高的应用价值。 相似文献
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研究氧化-生物双降解地膜对棉花生长的影响及降解效果,为氧化-生物双降解地膜代替普通聚乙烯地膜的可行性及推广应用提供理论参考。试验采用2种不同配方的氧化-生物双降解地膜,以普通聚乙烯地膜作为对照,分析不同降解地膜对棉花生长及产量的影响,观测增温保墒效果,明确降解性能。结果表明：2种降解地膜对棉花生育期、农艺性状、产量性状和纤维品质未产生显著影响,籽棉产量和增温保墒效果与普通地膜基本相同;诱导期为39 d的2018新疆阿拉尔棉花1号降解膜降解率达47.3 %,显著高于其他处理,具有较高的应用价值。 相似文献
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以全生物降解地膜为试验材料,常规聚乙烯（polyethylene, PE）地膜为对照,在1膜3行、1膜4行和1膜6行种植模式下,探究5 cm、10 cm、15 cm、20 cm和25 cm土层土壤温度的变化及覆膜对K07-12产量和纤维品质等的影响,为全生物降解地膜的推广应用提供科学依据。结果表明：与PE地膜相比,全生物降解地膜在1膜3行、1膜4行和1膜6行种植模式下的5～25 cm土层土壤平均温度分别降低1.24℃、1.95℃和2.41℃,K07-12籽棉单产分别下降26.26%、24.70%和16.53%。全生物降解地膜和PE地膜均在1膜4行种植模式下获得最高的籽棉和皮棉单产。同一种植模式下,全生物降解地膜处理与PE地膜处理的马克隆值有显著差异,纤维上半部平均长度、长度整齐度指数、断裂比强度和断裂伸长率均无显著差异。 相似文献
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概述了海峡两岸农业交流与合作的现状,提出了应该共同呼吁尽快实现两岸“三通”,开放农业生物技术图书期刊资料交流以及开放生物学科方面网络的思路,以便为农业交流与合作的顺畅开展打好基础,并寄希望能够就糖蔗、果蔗以及甘蔗笋等方面的研究与开发到台湾学习取经,开展学术交流或与台湾同行共同开展研究,为我省甘蔗业的发展作出贡献。 相似文献
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Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：5
Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified. 相似文献
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《Journal of Cereal Science》2007,45(3):236-251
Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified. 相似文献
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Summary Between 1993 and 1998 205 different potato cultivars and 1220 accessions/genotypes of wild and cultivated potato species from
the IPK Genebank Gatersleben were evaluated. Parameters interesting for starch isolation and especially for the use of starch
were determined. Altogether, there was a higher variability in wild potato species than in cultivated potatoes for all characteristics
investigated: dry matter content, starch content, protein content, amylose content and mean particle diameter of starch granules. 相似文献
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近年来，随着大豆播种面积的增长，受病虫危害日趋严重。特别是大豆根潜蝇（又名根明）与根腐病共同发生危害，严重影响大豆的生产。综合防治技术主要手段是三年以上轮作，适时播种及种衣剂拌种等措施。 相似文献
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In field experiments conducted over 2 years in Mediterranean conditions, five winter and five spring triticales were evaluated for forage and grain production in the same cropping season. The experiments had two treatments, namely harvesting for grain only, and dual-purpose forage and grain production. In the latter treatment, forage was cut when the first node was detectable (Zadoks' stage 31), without removing the apical meristems. Grain was harvested when ripe (Zadoks' stage 92) in both cut and uncut plots.
Environmental conditions affected grain production and protein content more than forage yield and quality. Winter triticales yielded about 43% more forage than spring types, but after forage removal the spring types yielded about 36% more grain than winter triticales.
Reductions in grain yield after clipping were more pronounced in winter (32%) than in spring (19%) types. Forage crude protein content was significantly higher in the spring types studied (24.6%) than in the winter types (23.5%), the opposite being true for fibre content (20.7 and 21.6% respectively). Grain crude protein content did not differ between grain and dual-purpose treatments, but was higher in the spring triticales (12.8%) than in the winter types (11.9%). There was more variability for the measured traits within the winter triticales studied than within the spring types. 相似文献
Environmental conditions affected grain production and protein content more than forage yield and quality. Winter triticales yielded about 43% more forage than spring types, but after forage removal the spring types yielded about 36% more grain than winter triticales.
Reductions in grain yield after clipping were more pronounced in winter (32%) than in spring (19%) types. Forage crude protein content was significantly higher in the spring types studied (24.6%) than in the winter types (23.5%), the opposite being true for fibre content (20.7 and 21.6% respectively). Grain crude protein content did not differ between grain and dual-purpose treatments, but was higher in the spring triticales (12.8%) than in the winter types (11.9%). There was more variability for the measured traits within the winter triticales studied than within the spring types. 相似文献
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种子加工、检验理论与技术现状及思考 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
种子加工及检验是种子向市场流通的关键，是商业化育种中赋予种子商品属性不可或缺的环节。种子加工、检验理论与技术的研究是完善种业产业链、实现规模化商业育种、夯实“育繁推一体化”种业科学的重要一环。中国的种业科学技术体系正在形成与完善之中，受制于行业发展水平，种子加工及检验理论与技术相对薄弱。本文回顾了种子加工及检验理论与技术研究发展历程，提出了完善中国种业科学发展的策略与建议。围绕种业发展的需要，在做好品种优质化繁育的基础上，分析种子加工及检验理论与技术的新方向和新需求，加强种业应用性研究，建立先进的种子质量检验体系，研制适合现代种业发展需求的种子加工设备，打造种子加工产业标准化生产体系，完善种业科学技术学科建设，促进种业产业持续健康发展。 相似文献
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《Journal of Crop Improvement》2013,27(1):313-324
Summary Arbuscular mycorrhizae were inoculated into phosphorus-deficient soil fertilized with either organic or chemical fertilizer with cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) as the first crop and lettuce (Lactu-ca sativa L.) as the second crop but without additional fertilization and AM inoculation. AM increased dry matter and fruit yield of cucumber significantly in the unfertilized, organic-fertilized and P-deficient plants compared with the fully chemical-fertilized plants. AM inoculation increased the available phosphorus in plant and soil by around 30% for all treatments except for those chemically-fertilized. The rate of AM infection did not differ significantly among the fertilization treatments, but the infection intensity was higher in unfertilized, organic-fertilized and phosphorus-deficient treatments than chemical-fertilized treatment. The residual effects of AM-inoculated to cucumber were evident for lettuce in all pre-treatments that were unfertilized and un-inoculated for the second cropping. Without P-fertilization, neither crop could grow optimally even when the soil was inoculated with AM, suggesting that AM could not serve as a substitute for phosphorus fertilizer. However, the other beneficial effects of AM on crop growth and yield could not be fulfilled with phosphorus fertilizer. 相似文献