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1.
对孵化后1~50日龄短蛸(Octopus ocellatus)幼体的体重、全长、腕长及胴长进行测量,观察并分析其早期生长变化特征。在水温为22℃~24℃的养殖条件下,初孵短蛸平均全长为10.03 mm。11日龄幼体开始营底栖生活,以此为分界线划分为浮游期和底栖期。 结果显示,1~11日龄浮游短蛸体重增长为立方函数增长类型,y = 0.0001x3 – 0.0019x2 + 0.0098x + 0.0409;11~50日龄的底栖短蛸体重增长为指数函数增长类型,y = 0.0284e0.092x。在1~50日龄短蛸幼体的生长过程中,体重(g)与全长(mm)呈立方函数关系,y = –8e–07x3 + 0.001x2 – 0.011x + 0.099;全长(mm)与腕长(mm)呈线性关系,y = 1.314x + 4.952;体重、全长及腕长分别与日龄呈立方函数关系,y = 6e–05x3 – 0.003x2 + 0.036x – 0.03、y = 0.0004x3 + 0.002x2 + 0.307x + 10.604、y = 0.0004x3 – 0.007x2 + 0.364x + 4.205。通过研究短蛸幼体的生长发育特征,从而加深了对幼体生长的了解,并为短蛸人工繁育的研究提供参考依据。 相似文献
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对孵化后1～50日龄短蛸(Octopusocellatus)幼体的体重、全长、腕长及胴长进行测量,观察并分析其早期生长变化特征。在水温为22℃～24℃的养殖条件下,初孵短蛸平均全长为10.03 mm。11日龄幼体开始营底栖生活,以此为分界线划分为浮游期和底栖期。结果显示,1～11日龄浮游短蛸体重增长为立方函数增长类型,y=0.0001x^3–0.0019x^2+0.0098x+0.0409;11～50日龄的底栖短蛸体重增长为指数函数增长类型,y=0.0284e0.092x。在1～50日龄短蛸幼体的生长过程中,体重(g)与全长(mm)呈立方函数关系,y=–8e–07x^3+0.001x^2–0.011x+0.099;全长(mm)与腕长(mm)呈线性关系,y=1.314x+4.952;体重、全长及腕长分别与日龄呈立方函数关系,y=6e–05x^3–0.003x^2+0.036x–0.03、y=0.0004x^3+0.002x^2+0.307x+10.604、y=0.0004x^3–0.007x^2+0.364x+4.205。通过研究短蛸幼体的生长发育特征,从而加深了对幼体生长的了解,并为短蛸人工繁育的研究提供参考依据。 相似文献
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采用相关关系、通径分析和多元回归分析法对18日龄曼氏无针乌贼(Sepiella maindroni)选育子代F2全长(x1)、胴长(x2)和体质量(y)生长性状的相关关系分析,并统计了生长性状的变异系数和现实遗传力,结果表明:体质量(36.15%)的变异系数最高;体质量(0.057)的现实遗传力最大;全长与胴长的相关关系最大,为0.973;全长对体质量的直接通径系数最大,达0.573;建立了以体质量(y)为因变量,自变量为全长(x1)和胴长(x2)的回归方程:y=-0.232+0.256x1+0.145x2,决定系数等于0.861,全长和胴长对体质量的偏回归系数及回归常数均达到了极其显著水平(P0.01),回归模型满足正态性假设。 相似文献
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人工育苗条件下银鲳仔稚幼鱼摄食与生长特性 总被引：17，自引：0，他引：17
在人工育苗条件下,对0～50d银鲳仔稚幼鱼的摄食行为和生长特性进行了研究。水温19.0～24.0℃时,初孵仔鱼～12d为仔鱼期,13～40d为稚鱼期,41d起转为幼鱼期。全长、肛前长和体高的特定生长率分别为5.489%、3.228%和5.371%。45d银鲳幼鱼全长、肛前长和体高的生长虽有差异,但不会造成相互间的残杀。鱼苗全长与日龄的关系式为y=4.6233-0.0352x-0.0088x2 0.0003x3,R2=0.996;全长与肛前长的关系式为y=1.6929 0.0927x 0.0018x2,R2=0.978;体高与日龄的关系式为y=0.8424 0.0168x 0.0053x2,R2=0.990。银鲳孵化后3d开始开口摄食,试验用饵料为轮虫、卤虫无节幼体、配合饵料。在仔鱼阶段其摄食率为25%～100%,饱食率为25%～80%;到稚幼鱼阶段摄食率均达到100%,饱食率60%～88%。银鲳消化时间随生长发育而延长。摄食高峰基本出现在白天,属白天摄食类型。 相似文献
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网箱中鳜的生长,性腺发育和摄食的初步研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
1986——1987年,对网箱养殖条件中鳜(Siniperc achuatir)的生长、性腺发育和营养特征进行了研究,结果表明:在网箱中饲养的294日龄的鳜体重达887.95±226.26克(x±S.D),1龄鳜体长生长曲线L=-4.8249+2.9272×10~(-1)t—5.6368×10~(-4)t~2,r=0.9999;体重与体长的关系式: W=2.6903L~(2.(?)724);r=0.9996。2龄鳜为L=1.5859×10+4.2964×10~(-2)t,r=0.9492;鱼群的体长、体重呈正态分布。1冬龄雌、雄鱼性腺发育趋于成熟。饵料系数变化于3.0—7.0,日粮有随个体增大而减少的趋势;摄食高峰出现在拂晓和傍晚。 相似文献
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为积累四川华鳊(Sinibrama taeniatus)的发育生物学资料和完善苗种培育技术,本研究使用显微数码拍摄系统对四川华鳊仔稚鱼的外部形态与内部结构特征进行观察。结果显示,在水温为(25.0±0.5)℃条件下,四川华鳊初孵仔鱼全长为(4.54±0.04) mm,卵黄囊前部呈椭圆,后部呈棒状,体积为(0.26±0.01) mm3。卵黄囊期仔鱼从初孵到卵黄吸收完全为止,历时8 d,全长特定生长率(SGRL)为5.99%。仔鱼出膜后3 d开始摄食,混合营养期为5 d,卵黄囊体积(V)与日龄(D)的关系：V= –0.0049 D3+0.0369 D2–0.1333 D+0.2583(R2=0.9947)。晚期仔鱼从卵黄囊消失到鳞片出现,历时25 d,SGRL为2.16%。稚鱼期从鳞片开始出现到鳞片完整,历时53 d,SGRL为0.90%。整个仔稚鱼阶段全长(TL)和日龄(D)的相关方程为：TL= –7×10–7 D3–0.0011 D2+0.2820 D+4.7083(R2= 0.9957)。 相似文献
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2016年从诏安海域捕捞的野生曼氏无针乌贼中,挑选2000尾平均胴长(12.12±0.15)cm、体质量(203.88±14.82)g的成熟个体人工繁育出子代(F_1)后,室内常规饲养,与未经选育的对照组子代的生长性状进行比较。结果显示,拟合0~90日龄体质量(y)与胴长(x_1)、体质量(y)与胴宽(x_2)的生长式型,选育F_1组生长关系y=0.2272x_1~(2.6506)(r~2=0.9825),y=0.5356x_2~(2.9824)(r~2=0.9845),对照组生长关系为y=0.2894x_1~(2.5781)(r~2=0.9953),y=0.6802x_2~(2.7145)(r~2=0.9725),选育F_1组的生长快于对照组;选育F_1组体质量绝对增加率为0.03~0.69g/d,绝对增长率为0.017~0.123cm/d,增积量为0.0001~0.0788,肥满度为0.104~0.374,优于对照组;选育F_1组胴长、胴宽和体质量的现实遗传力分别为0.033~0.599、0.015~0.244和0.001~0.294,说明选育具有一定的效果。 相似文献
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采用实验生态学方法对条纹锯仔、稚、幼鱼形态发育的异速生长模式进行研究。对条纹锯(0–80日龄)的可量性状进行测量并运用统计学方法进行分析。结果表明,0–80日龄条纹锯全长的生长符合Y=4.529-(9.227×10-5)X3+0.015X2-0.189X(R2=0.994),干重增长符合Y=0.002X3-0.151X2+3.257X-18.232(R2=0.993),其变化曲线呈"J"型增长。多数功能器官具有异速生长的特性,与摄食、运动相关的功能器官的生长拐点相对较早,在拐点之前,相对于全长呈正异速生长,拐点之后相对于全长呈负异速生长或等速生长。口裂、吻长、眼径、胸鳍、尾鳍的生长拐点分别为20、44、32、36、19日龄,其他相关器官的生长拐点相对较晚,头长、头高、腹长、体高的生长拐点分别为56、37、44、60日龄,其中头长相对于全长在拐点之前呈负异速生长,拐点之后呈等速生长。条纹锯部分功能器官的优先发育保证了在个体发育过程中的早期摄食能力和对敌害的躲避能力的完善,有效地提高了其生存能力。条纹锯异速生长模型的建立,有助于针对性地为其提供适宜条件,从而获得其最适和最大生长效能,为人工繁育和养殖条纹锯提供理论基础。 相似文献
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《渔业科学进展》2014,(5)
采用实验生态学方法对条纹锯仔、稚、幼鱼形态发育的异速生长模式进行研究。对条纹锯(0–80日龄)的可量性状进行测量并运用统计学方法进行分析。结果表明,0–80日龄条纹锯全长的生长符合Y=4.529-(9.227×10-5)X3+0.015X2-0.189X(R2=0.994),干重增长符合Y=0.002X3-0.151X2+3.257X-18.232(R2=0.993),其变化曲线呈"J"型增长。多数功能器官具有异速生长的特性,与摄食、运动相关的功能器官的生长拐点相对较早,在拐点之前,相对于全长呈正异速生长,拐点之后相对于全长呈负异速生长或等速生长。口裂、吻长、眼径、胸鳍、尾鳍的生长拐点分别为20、44、32、36、19日龄,其他相关器官的生长拐点相对较晚,头长、头高、腹长、体高的生长拐点分别为56、37、44、60日龄,其中头长相对于全长在拐点之前呈负异速生长,拐点之后呈等速生长。条纹锯部分功能器官的优先发育保证了在个体发育过程中的早期摄食能力和对敌害的躲避能力的完善,有效地提高了其生存能力。条纹锯异速生长模型的建立,有助于针对性地为其提供适宜条件,从而获得其最适和最大生长效能,为人工繁育和养殖条纹锯提供理论基础。 相似文献
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中国鲎(Tachypleus tridentatus)资源量近30年来骤减,亟待保护与增殖恢复。为了确定不同水流速度对稚鲎行为的影响,水温(24±2)℃条件下,选择头胸甲宽(0.58±0.02) cm的增殖放流用中国鲎稚鲎为研究对象,测定其在不同水流速度(0.00 cm/s,0.06 cm/s,0.07 cm/s,0.08 cm/s,0.10 cm/s,和0.12 cm/s)下的书鳃收缩频率、持续游泳时间和暴发-滑行游泳运动指标。结果显示,稚鲎在不同流速下的书鳃收缩频率随流速增大而增大(y=2.02x–0.23,R2=0.89,P<0.05)。稚鲎持续游泳时间先随流速增加呈先增加后减少的趋势(y=106x3–387726x2+36885x–1062.80,R2=0.85,P<0.05)。各流速组稚鲎单次最大持续游泳时间均可达70 s。暴发游泳的平均暴发时间随水流速度增加呈下降趋势(y=–239.53x+32.19,R2=0.90,P<0.... 相似文献
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Association between the interannual variation in the oceanic environment and catch rates of bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) in the Atlantic Ocean 
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下载免费PDF全文 The environmental processes associated with variability in the catch rates of bigeye tuna in the Atlantic Ocean are largely unexplored. This study used generalized additive models (GAMs) fitted to Taiwanese longline fishery data from 1990 to 2009 and investigated the association between environmental variables and catch rates to identify the processes influencing bigeye tuna distribution in the Atlantic Ocean. The present findings reveal that the year (temporal factor), latitude and longitude (spatial factors), and major regular longline target species of albacore catches are significant for the standardization of bigeye tuna catch rates in the Atlantic Ocean. The standardized catch rates and distribution of bigeye tuna were found to be related to environmental and climatic variation. The model selection processes showed that the selected GAMs explained 70% of the cumulative deviance in the entire Atlantic Ocean. Regarding environmental factors, the depth of the 20 degree isotherm (D20) substantially contributed to the explained deviance; other important factors were sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface height deviation (SSHD). The potential fishing grounds were observed with SSTs of 22–28°C, a D20 shallower than 150 m and negative SSHDs in the Atlantic Ocean. The higher predicted catch rates were increased in the positive northern tropical Atlantic and negative North Atlantic Oscillation events with a higher SST and shallow D20, suggesting that climatic oscillations affect the population abundance and distribution of bigeye tuna. 相似文献
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Liping Li Rui Wang Wanwen Liang Xi Gan Ting Huang Yan Huang Jian Li Yunliang Shi Honglin Luo Ming Chen 《广西水产科技》2014,(1)
Previously, we reported 10 PEGE types of 85 tilapia Streptococcus agalactiae(GBS), which shifted from Streptococcus iniae in China, by using PEGE method. Presently, larger and more representative tilapia GBS were isolated, for the ?rst time in China, to characterize their serotypes and genetic diversities more precisely than had done before. 168 GBS strains were distributed in ?ve provinces of China, in which Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan were the major ones, holding36.9%(62/168), 37.5%(63/168) and 19.6%(33/168), respectively. Serotypes, Ia, Ib and III, were observed in these strains and the most predominant one was Ia(95.2%), which mainly distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan. Ia initially occurred in 2009, it shoot up to 32.1% in 2010,but decreased to 16.1% in 2011 before went up to 45.2% in 2012. Ib sporadically occurred during2007–2011, III onlyoccurred in 2012. 14 different PFGE types, including 4 new types(N, O,P and Q), were observed, in which B, D, F and G were the predominant types, holding 83.9%(141/168) of the total GBS strains. Ia corresponded to 11 PFGE types(A–H, N–P), in which type D predominated(51%). Ib represented 3 genotypes(I, J and Q) and III harbored only 2genotypes(N and F). Type N and Fsynchronously presented in Ia and III. In summary, the genetic diversity of tilapia GBS varied by serotypes and changed with geographical locations and years.Although Iastillpredominated, new rareserotypeIII alreadyoccurred in China. 相似文献
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Iciar Martinez Amaya Velasco Ricardo Pérez-Martín Eskil Forås Michiaki Yamashita Carmen G. Sotelo 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(4):289-297
The purpose of this work was to evaluate the suitability of a method based on the presence of two restriction sites (for Hae III and Hindf I) in the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 (mt ND5) gene to identify Scomber species. The evaluation was performed on 144 reference and market samples by sequencing of the entire 505-bp fragment of the mt ND5 gene and of a 464-bp fragment of the Kocher fragment of the cytochrome b gene (mt Cytb). Sequence analysis of any of the two fragments allows the identification of each of the four Scomber species, but S. japonicus and S. colias had the same restriction sites at the ND5 amplicon and would not have been differentiated by this analysis. Similarly, loss of the Hae III site in some S. scombrus individuals would have misidentified them as not being Scomber. All the market products were correctly labeled except one acquired in Spain labeled as originating in the Atlantic and containing S. japonicus. 相似文献
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In this experiment, a feeding trial was performed to determine the effects of fructooligosaccharide (FOS) on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity and immune response of Japanese sea bass, Lateolabrax japonicus juveniles (initial weight 38.3 ± 0.5 g), and the fish were examined following feeding with six levels of FOS (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 6 g/kg) for 28 days. Significant enhancement of weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) was found in fish fed 1 g/kg FOS incorporated diets (p < .05), while the feed conversion ratio (FCR) in the 1, 2 g/kg FOS groups reduced significantly compared with the control (p < .05). Besides, the crude lipid in the 4, 6 g/kg FOS groups increased significantly compared with the control (p < .05). On the other hand, the erepsin and lipase activities significantly elevated in intestine of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS (p < .05) and the lysozyme activity in serum of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than that in the control (p < .05). Moreover, the alkaline phosphatase activities in serum of fish fed 0.5, 1, 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than in control (p < .05). Regression analysis showed that the relationships between dietary FOS levels and either SGR, FCR, erepsin or lysozyme activities were best expressed by regression equations, and the optimal inclusion levels are 1.37, 1.80, 3.06, 3.11, 1.93 and 1.80 g/kg for SGR, FCR, erepsin, lipase, lysozyme and total superoxide dismutase activities, respectively. Overall, this study revealed that FOS incorporated diets could beneficial for L. japonicus culture in terms of increasing the growth, digestion and immune activities. Under the present experimental condition, the optimal supplementary level of FOS in the diet of L. japonicus is 1–3 g/kg. 相似文献
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Growth hormone (GH) and reproduction: a review 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Florence Le Gac Odile Blaise Alex Fostier Pierre-Yves Le Bail Maurice Loir Brigitte Mourot Claudine Weil 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1993,11(1-6):219-232
Interaction between growth and reproduction occurs in many vertebrates and is particularly obvious at certain stages of the life cycle in fish. Endocrine interactions between the gonadotropic axis and the somatotropic axis are described, the potential role of GH being emphasised. A comparative analysis of these phenomena in mammals, amphibians and fish, suggests a specific role of GH in the physiology of puberty, gametogenesis and fertility. It also shows the original contribution made by studies on the fish model in this field of investigations. 相似文献
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Two gonadotropins (GtH; Qa and Qb) were purified by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography from the pituitaries of Indian walking catfish (Clarias batrachus). The presence of GtH during purification was assessed by in vitro oocyte maturation and in vivo steroidogenic activity, and their identities were determined by elution profiles, molecular weight, biological activities and yield. The molecular weights of Qa and Qb were 37 and 42 kDa, respectively, and composed of distinct subunits (Qa: 20 and 14 kDa and Qb: 26 and 18 kDa). Polyclonal antibodies raised against Qa immunostained Qa, Qb and pituitary GtH cells. A competitive Qa‐ELISA was developed whose sensitivity was 6.25 ng mL?1 (1.25 ng well?1) with intra‐ (3.5%) and inter‐ (12.4%) assay coefficients of variation. Displacement curves parallel to the standard were obtained with plasma and pituitary extracts of catfish, Qb and carp GtHII. The assay was validated by measuring the plasma Qa levels after LHRH treatment and in relation to ovarian growth in the female catfish during different reproductive phases. Based on the results, Qa and Qb corresponded to fish LH and FSH respectively. The findings will increase the knowledge of the mechanisms controlling fish reproduction and identification of sensitive phases in fish in captivity for hormonal manipulation. 相似文献
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Controlled infection of Poecilia reticulata Peters (guppy) with Tetrahymena by immersion and intraperitoneal injection 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 G Sharon M Pimenta‐Leibowitz M C L Vilchis N Isakov D Zilberg 《Journal of fish diseases》2015,38(1):67-74
Tetrahymena is a protozoan parasite, which infects guppy, Poecilia reticulata Peters, and causes substantial economical losses in commercial farms worldwide. Studies of guppy infected by Tetrahymena require standardized infection protocols. The LD50 for Tetrahymena infection of guppies by intraperitoneal (IP) injection was calibrated, and the level obtained was 946 parasites per fish. Guppy infection with Tetrahymena by immersion, imitating the natural route of infection via the integument, was studied under normal or stress conditions. Exposure to cold and netting (CNI) and to cold only (CI) followed by immersion exposure to 10 000 Tetrahymena per mL resulted in 22.5% and 19.2% mortality, respectively, as compared to 14.2% and 10% in groups that were netted only (NI) or non‐stressed (I). Histopathology revealed that immersion infection resulted in a systemic infection. Lysozyme levels, measured 3 weeks after infection, were significantly higher in the CNI group (288 μg per mg protein) compared with CI‐, NI‐ and I‐treated groups (94.5, 64 and 62.3 μg mg?1, respectively). There was no evident parasite immobilization activity in body homogenates, suggesting no development of acquired immunity. Re‐infection by IP injection revealed no increase in protection in any of the treatment groups, mortality range of 56.3–75%, higher than in the non‐exposed control (40.6% mortality). 相似文献
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