共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 656 毫秒
1.
本试验研究饲粮中添加不同水平的碘对5～16周龄五龙鹅免疫性能、抗氧化性能及血清激素指标的影响。选用28日龄体重相近的五龙鹅360只,随机分为6个组(Ⅰ～Ⅵ组),每组6个重复,每个重复10只,公母各占1/2。Ⅰ组(对照组)饲喂基础饲粮,Ⅱ～Ⅵ组在基础饲粮中分别添加0.15、0.30、0.60、1.20、2.40 mg/kg的碘(碘化钾形式)。试验期12周。结果表明：1)Ⅲ组的胸腺指数显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ和Ⅵ组(P<0.05),脾脏指数显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅴ和Ⅵ组(P<0.05),法氏囊指数显著高于Ⅰ和Ⅵ组(P<0.05)。2)各组之间禽流感抗体效价差异不显著(P>0.05)。3)Ⅲ组的血清丙二醛(MDA)含量显著低于Ⅰ和Ⅱ组(P<0.05),血清过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性和总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅴ和Ⅵ组(P<0.05),血清总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)活性显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ和Ⅵ组(P<0.05)。4)各组之间血清三碘甲腺原氨酸(T3)、四碘甲腺原氨酸(T4<... 相似文献
2.
《畜牧与兽医》2016,(1):10-15
为探究不同蛋白水平日粮中添加益生素及有机酸复合制剂对青脚麻鸡免疫及抗氧化功能的影响,试验选用320羽青脚麻鸡混合雏,随机分成4组,Ⅰ组饲喂基础日粮、Ⅱ组饲喂基础日粮及复合添加剂、Ⅲ组饲喂低蛋白日粮、Ⅳ组饲喂低蛋白日粮及复合添加剂。每组8个重复,每个重复10羽,试验期52 d。结果显示:Ⅰ组活重显著高于Ⅱ组,Ⅳ组活重显著高于其他3组。Ⅰ组和Ⅳ组的肝脏重显著高于Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组(P0.05);Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组脾脏重显著低于Ⅰ组(P0.05);Ⅱ组麻鸡肝脏指数显著低于Ⅰ组(P0.05);且Ⅰ组脾脏指数显著高于Ⅱ组和Ⅳ组(P0.05);各试验组之间,胸腺重、法氏囊重、胰腺重、胸腺指数以及法氏囊指数则无明显差异(P0.05)。Ⅲ组麻鸡血清白蛋白含量显著低于Ⅰ组(P0.05),总蛋白和球蛋白含量变化不显著(P0.05);Ⅳ组麻鸡的血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性显著高于Ⅰ组和Ⅲ组(P0.05);Ⅳ组麻鸡的血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)水平显著低于Ⅰ组和Ⅲ组(P0.05),Ⅰ组显著高于Ⅱ组(P0.05)。Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组麻鸡的血清三碘甲腺原氨酸(T3)水平均显著低于Ⅳ组(P0.05),而各组间血清甲状腺素(T4)水平变化不显著(P0.05)。益生素及有机酸复合物与饲料不同蛋白质对活重、肝脏重有极显著的交互作用,对脾脏重有显著交互作用,对其他指标无显著交互作用。结果提示:添加益生菌及有机酸复合制剂对于增强青脚麻鸡免疫机能有帮助,低蛋白水平下这种作用更为明显;但对青脚麻鸡抗氧化功能的影响不显著。 相似文献
3.
本试验旨在研究饲粮锌水平对育成期水貂生长性能及血清生化指标的影响。选取60日龄健康雄性水貂75只,随机分为5组,每组15个重复,每个重复为1只水貂,各组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加0(Ⅰ组)、50(Ⅱ组)、100(Ⅲ组)、300(Ⅳ组)、600 mg/kg(Ⅴ组)锌的试验饲粮。预试期7 d,正试期60 d。结果表明:1)60、75、90、105和120日龄时各组之间体重差异不显著(P>0.05);76~90日龄时Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ组平均日增重显著高于Ⅰ和Ⅱ组(P<0.05);106~120日龄时Ⅲ组平均日增重显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅴ组(P<0.05)。2)Ⅳ组血清白蛋白含量显著高于Ⅰ和Ⅱ组(P<0.05);Ⅳ组血清总蛋白和球蛋白含量显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅴ组(P<0.05);Ⅳ组血清免疫球蛋白A含量显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ组(P<0.05);Ⅳ组血清免疫球蛋白G含量显著高于Ⅴ组(P<0.05);各组血清免疫球蛋白M含量差异不显著(P>0.05)。3)Ⅰ和Ⅱ组血清尿素氮含量显著高于Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ组(P<0.05);Ⅲ和Ⅳ组血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶和天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶活性显著高于Ⅰ和Ⅴ组(P<0.05)。4)Ⅲ、Ⅳ组血清碱性磷酸酶活性显著高于Ⅰ和Ⅴ组(P<0.05);各组血清乳酸脱氢酶活性无显著差异(P>0.05)。5)Ⅴ组血清锌含量显著高于其他各组(P<0.05);Ⅴ组血清磷含量显著低于Ⅰ和Ⅱ组(P<0.05);各组血清钙含量无显著差异(P>0.05)。由此可见,饲粮中添加100 mg/kg的锌能够有效提高育成期水貂的生长性能,而饲粮中添加300 mg/kg的锌血清中蛋白质相关指标含量及锌相关酶活性最高,有利于提高水貂机体免疫力。 相似文献
4.
本研究旨在研究乳源活性肽对罗非鱼生长性能和血清生化指标的影响.试验分为两部分,细胞离体培养试验(试验1)和饲养试验(试验2).试验1:选用中性蛋白酶、木瓜蛋白酶、胰蛋白酶的不同组合(1号(中性蛋白酶和木瓜蛋白酶组合)、2号(胰蛋白酶和中性蛋白酶组合)、3号(胰蛋白酶))对干酪素进行水解得到3种产物,将这些产物对罗非鱼离体肝细胞进行细胞培养以确定最佳酶源.试验2:选取健康、体重相近(24.93±0.22) g的罗非鱼360尾,随机分为6组,每组3个重复,每个重复20尾,Ⅰ组(对照组)饲喂基础日粮,Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ和Ⅵ组(试验组)分别饲喂含有0.1%、0.2%、0.4%、0.8%和1.6%活性肽产品(最佳酶源水解产物)的试验日粮,试验期为8周.结果显示:(1)2号产品对罗非鱼离体肝细胞的增殖结果显著高于对照组和1、3号产品(P＜0.05);(2)Ⅳ组罗非鱼的终末体重、增重率、特定生长率、饲料系数和蛋白质效率均显著高于对照和其他试验组(P＜0.05);各组全鱼和背肌营养成分差异不显著(P>0.05);试验组罗非鱼的血清补体活性和血清溶菌酶、高密度脂蛋白含量显著高于对照组(P＜0.05),且Ⅳ组显著高于Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅴ和Ⅵ组(P＜0.05);Ⅵ组血清总胆固醇含量显著高于对照组(P＜0.05),但与Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ组差异不显著(P>0.05).由结果可知,在本试验条件下,2号产品水解干酪素所得活性肽以0.4%的添加量最为理想. 相似文献
5.
《饲料工业》2016,(12)
试验旨在研究不同水平代谢有机酸对断奶仔猪血清免疫指标、游离三碘甲腺原氨酸和游离四碘甲腺原氨酸的影响。试验选用180头体重相近的(长×大)二元健康杂交猪,随机分为3组,每组3个重复,每个重复20头猪,每个重复公、母猪比例一致。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组分别饲喂添加0.3%和0.4%代谢有机酸产品的日粮,试验期50 d。结果表明:1与对照组相比,各试验组血清中球蛋白、高密度脂蛋白和甘油三酯含量均升高,尿素氮含量均降低,其中0.4%代谢有机酸组低密度脂蛋白和总胆固醇含量显著高于对照组(P0.05);2各试验组较对照组提高了血清中免疫球蛋白的含量(P0.05);30.4%代谢有机酸组较对照组提高了血清中游离三碘甲腺原氨酸和游离四碘甲腺原氨酸的含量(P0.05);4代谢有机酸对断奶仔猪生长性能无显著影响。综上所述,代谢有机酸能够提高断奶仔猪免疫力,促进其甲状腺激素分泌,且以添加0.4%代谢有机酸组效果较好。 相似文献
6.
本试验旨在研究低蛋白质饲粮中添加蛋氨酸(Met)和赖氨酸(Lys)对离乳期梅花鹿仔鹿生长性能和血清生化指标的影响.选择16只健康3月龄雄性梅花鹿,随机分为4个组,每组4个重复,每个重复1只.各组限量饲喂4种不同饲粮:对照组(Ⅰ组)饲喂16.28％粗蛋白质(CP)的高蛋白质饲粮,试验组饲喂13.40％CP添加0.23％Lys并分别添加0(Ⅱ组)、0.06％(Ⅲ组)、0.12％(Ⅳ组)Met的低蛋白质饲粮,试验期为56 d.结果表明:1)Ⅱ组平均日增重(ADG)最低,Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组ADG随饲粮Met水平增加而增加,Ⅳ组ADG与Ⅰ组基本相同.2)Ⅰ组56 d血清白蛋白(ALB)含量显著高于Ⅱ、Ⅲ组(P＜0.05),56 d血清总蛋白(TP)含量显著高于Ⅱ组(P＜0.05),28 d血清尿素氮(UN)含量极显著高于Ⅳ组(P＜0.01),56 d血清葡萄糖(GLU)含量极显著低于Ⅱ、Ⅲ组(P＜0.01),血清天冬门氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)活性显著高于Ⅳ组(P＜0.05),28 d血清碱性磷酸酶(AKP)活性显著或极显著高于Ⅱ、Ⅲ组(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).3)Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组相比,Ⅳ组28 d血清UN含量显著低于Ⅱ组(P＜0.05),Ⅳ组28 d血清AKP活性显著高于Ⅱ、Ⅲ组(P＜0.05),但血清球蛋白(GLB)、TP含量随饲粮Met水平升高而增加,血清AST、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)活性和UN含量随饲粮Met水平升高而降低.由此可见,在13.40％CP的饲粮中添加Lys和Met,仔鹿的ADG可达到16.28％ CP饲粮的水平,饲粮中添加0.12％Met有利于仔鹿生长和代谢平衡. 相似文献
7.
通过对獭兔饲喂不同碘水平的饲粮,探讨饲粮碘水平对獭兔血清生化指标和生产性能的影响.结果表明,当饲粮中添加0.8 mg/kg碘,实测碘含量为0.925 mg/kg时,獭兔的甲状腺功能最为理想,四碘甲腺原氨酸(T4)、游离四碘甲腺原氨酸(FT4)和三碘甲腺原氨酸(T3)3项指标均值最大,与对照组相比差异显著(P＜0.05);而促甲状腺素(TSH)指标均值最小,与对照组相比差异显著(P＜0.05);游离三碘甲腺原氨酸(FT3)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)和白球比(A/G)各组间无显著差异(P＞0.05);平均日增重、胴体重、屠宰率和皮张面积与其他各组差异显著(P＜0.05),而被毛密度各组间差异不显著(P＞0.05). 相似文献
8.
为了验证抗脂肪细胞膜蛋白抗体减少动物脂肪沉积的作用效果,并对该抗体用于人类肥胖的治疗提供理论依据和试验资料,本试验分别对4组试验性肥胖大鼠注射0、0.1、0.5、1.0mg/mL剂量的抗脂肪细胞膜蛋白抗体,并检测4周内大鼠血清中5种激素含量及变化。结果显示,试验组血清中胰岛素(INS)含量低于对照组,Ⅰ组与Ⅳ组4周内均差异显著(P0.05);试验组与对照组、胰岛素样生长因子1(IGF-1)含量无显著差异(P0.05);注射抗体后,试验组生长激素(GH)含量显著增高,且Ⅰ、Ⅲ组4周内均差异显著(P0.05);第1周内,试验组三碘甲状腺原氨酸(T3)含量与对照组无显著差异(P0.05),后3周内Ⅰ组和Ⅳ组差异显著(P0.05);第1、3、4周内,Ⅰ组和Ⅳ组四碘甲状腺原氨酸(T4)含量差异显著(P0.05),第2周内无显著差异,Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组差异均不显著(P0.05)。此外,不同组间的差异显著性随注射剂量不同而不同。 相似文献
9.
本试验旨在研究饲粮添加不同水平果胶寡糖螯合锌(zinc-pectic oligosaccharide chelate,Zn-POS)对爱拔益加(AA)肉仔鸡生长性能、免疫功能和血清抗氧化能力的影响。选用1日龄健康、体况较一致的AA肉仔鸡480只(公母各占1/2),根据体重一致原则随机分为5组,每组6个重复,每个重复16只鸡。其中Ⅰ组为基础饲粮组;Ⅱ组为抗生素组,在基础饲粮中添加62.5 mg/kg黄霉素;Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ组为Zn-POS组,在基础饲粮中分别添加300、600和900 mg/kg Zn-POS。试验期42 d。结果表明:1)1~21日龄,与Ⅰ组相比,Ⅲ、Ⅳ组平均日增重显著提高(P0.05);与Ⅱ组相比,Ⅲ、Ⅳ组体重显著提高(P0.05)。22~42日龄,与Ⅰ组相比,Ⅲ、Ⅳ组平均日增重显著提高(P0.05),Ⅳ组平均日采食量显著提高(P0.05)。1~42日龄,与Ⅰ组相比,Ⅳ组平均日增重极显著提高(P0.01),Ⅲ、Ⅴ组平均日增重显著提高(P0.05),Ⅳ组平均日采食量显著提高(P0.05);Ⅱ组平均日增重极显著高于Ⅰ组(P0.01)。2)Ⅱ组法氏囊指数显著高于Ⅰ组(P0.05),但Ⅱ组血清中免疫球蛋白G水平显著低于Ⅰ组(P0.05)。3)Ⅲ组血清总超氧化物歧化酶活性极显著高于Ⅰ组(P0.01),Ⅲ、Ⅴ组血清过氧化氢酶活性显著高于Ⅰ组(P0.05);Ⅳ、Ⅴ组血清丙二醛含量显著低于Ⅲ组(P0.05)。由此可见,饲粮中添加Zn-POS能改善1~42日龄AA肉仔鸡生长性能、免疫功能和血清抗氧化功能,以600 mg/kg添加水平较为适宜。 相似文献
10.
采用单因素完全随机设计,选取120日龄健康、体质量相近的安义瓦灰鸡320只(母鸡),随机均分为4组(每组8个重复,每个重复10只)。对照组饲喂基础饲粮(Ⅰ组),试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组分别饲喂在基础日粮中添加蚯蚓发酵液的试验饲粮,按蚯蚓发酵液/饲粮分别为2.5,5.0,7.5μL/g的质量浓度添加蚯蚓发酵液。试验期42 d。结果显示,与对照组相比,试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ组的料重比显著降低(P<0.05);与对照组相比,试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)的活性显著提高(P<0.05),丙二醛(MDA)的含量显著降低(P<0.05);试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组血清总蛋白、白蛋白以及碱性磷酸酶的含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),试验Ⅲ组血清总胆固醇含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05);添加蚯蚓发酵液对安义瓦灰鸡血清生理指标的影响不显著(P>0.05)。在血清激素方面,试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ组三碘甲状腺原氨酸(T3)、三碘甲状腺原氨酸/四碘甲状腺原氨酸(T3/T4)的浓度显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。试验Ⅲ组法氏囊指数显著高... 相似文献
11.
12.
魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
13.
14.
本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
15.
REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
16.
17.
18.
Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
19.
乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献
20.
Billinghurst RC Brama PA van Weeren PR Knowlton MS McIlwraith CW 《American journal of veterinary research》2004,65(2):143-150
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether serum concentrations of biomarkers of skeletal metabolism can, in conjunction with radiographic evaluation, indicate severity of osteochondrosis in developing horses. ANIMALS: 43 Dutch Warmblood foals with varying severity of osteochondrosis. PROCEDURE: 24 foals were monitored for 5 months and 19 foals were monitored for 11 months. Monthly radiographs of femoropatellar-femorotibial and tibio-tarsal joints were graded for osteochondral abnormalities. Serial blood samples were assayed for 8 cartilage and bone biomarkers. At the end of the monitoring period, foals were examined for macroscopic osteochondrosis lesions. RESULTS: Temporal relationships were evident between certain serum biomarkers and osteochondrosis severity in foals during their first year. Biomarkers of collagen degradation (collagenase-generated neoepitopes of type-II collagen fragments, type-I and -II collagen fragments [COL2-3/4C(short)], and cross-linked telopeptide fragments of type-I collagen) and bone mineralization (osteocalcin) were positive indicators of osteochondrosis severity at 5 months of age. In foals with lesions at 11 months of age, osteochondrosis severity correlated negatively with COL2-3/4C(short) and osteocalcin and positively with C-propeptide of type-II procollagen (CPII), a collagen synthesis marker. Radiographic grading of osteochondrosis lesions significantly correlated with macroscopic osteochondrosis severity score at both ages and was strongest when combined with osteocalcin at 5 months and CPII at 11 months. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The ability of serum biomarkers to indicate osteochondrosis severity appears to depend on stage of disease and is strengthened with radiography. In older foals with more permanent lesions, osteochondrosis severity is significantly related to biomarker concentrations of decreased bone formation and increased cartilage synthesis. 相似文献