共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 78 毫秒
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选用妊娠后期母猪作为试验动物，在玉米－－豆粕型基础日粮中添加常用油脂：胡麻油、葵花籽油和猪油。比较不同脂肪酸组成的饲料对母猪繁殖性能的影响。油脂的日粮配方中的比例为5％，结果表明：最好是胡油组，其次是猪油组，最差的是葵油组。 相似文献
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试验旨在研究不同种类油脂对麻黄肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能和肉品质的影响。选取42日龄的雄性麻黄肉鸡240只，随机分为3个处理，每个处理8个重复，每个重复10只鸡，按照日粮油脂种类来源分为大豆油组、猪油组、鸡油组，试验期42 d。结果表明：饲喂不同油脂对43～84日龄麻黄肉鸡的生长性能无显著影响；与猪油组相比，鸡油组肉鸡全净膛率提高(P<0.05)，腹脂率有降低趋势(P=0.062)；猪油组肉鸡胸肌pH24 h低于大豆油和鸡油组肉鸡(P<0.05)；与猪油组相比，饲喂鸡油降低了84日龄肉鸡腿肌pH24h(P<0.05)；与鸡油组相比，猪油组肉鸡腿肌屠宰后45 min肉色L*值有提高趋势(P=0.091)，大豆油组24 h肉色L*值均提高(P<0.05)；不同油脂对肉鸡腿肌剪切力、滴水损失、蒸煮损失未见显著影响；猪油组、鸡油组的毛利润较大豆油组分别提高6.48%和16.55%。由此可见，使用大豆油、猪油、鸡油饲喂42～84日龄麻黄肉鸡，对肉鸡生长性能无显著影响；使用大豆油的肉鸡肉品质最佳；使用猪油能节约饲养成本，但对肉品质有负面影响；使用鸡油能提高肉鸡屠宰性能降低腹脂沉... 相似文献
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文章旨在探讨热应激条件下补充不同油脂对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质及血清生化指标的影响。试验将576只产蛋率一致的30 w海兰褐壳蛋鸡随机分为3组,每组6个重复,每个重复32只。在为期5周的饲养试验中,各组分别饲喂基础日粮（不添加油脂）、2%大豆油日粮和2%猪油日粮,试验期间环境温度为32℃。结果：日粮添加不同类型的油脂对热应激下蛋鸡产蛋率、蛋重和平均蛋重的影响均无显著差异（P＞0.05）。猪油组蛋鸡的体重显著高于对照组（P＜0.05）。与对照组相比,大豆油和猪油组蛋鸡的平均日采食量分别显著提高3.21%和3.09%（P＜0.05）,而猪油组料蛋比显著降低1.25%（P＜0.05）。对照组蛋鸡蛋壳厚度和蛋黄颜色较大豆油组分别显著提高4.90%和10.31%（P＜0.05）。与对照组相比,大豆油和猪油组蛋鸡血清甘油三酯浓度分别显著提高3.84%和5.28%（P＜0.05）,而血清丙二醛含量显著降低32.25%和21.64%（P＜0.05）。在本研究条件下,日粮补充大豆油或猪油可以降低蛋鸡血清丙二醛浓度,提高采食量,综合考虑料蛋比和蛋品质指标,热应激条件下蛋鸡日粮中以添加2%猪油最适宜。
[关键词]热应激|油脂|蛋鸡|生产性能|蛋品质|血清生化 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究n-3多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)在猪腹脂中的富集,及富n-3 PUFA猪油对SD大鼠血脂水平的影响.选用平均体重(60±2)kg的育肥母猪(长白×东北民猪)15头,随机分成3组,每组5个重复,每个重复1头猪,单栏饲养.对照组饲喂玉米-豆粕-麦麸型基础日粮,试验组分别在基础饲粮基础上添加10%亚麻籽、10%亚麻籽+200 mg/kg维生素E.56 d后屠宰,取腹脂测定n-3 PUFA的含量.结果表明,试验组猪腹脂中n-3PUFA含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05).选择60只36日龄SD大鼠,随机分为4组,每组3个重复,每个重复5只大鼠,对照I组为不添加油脂的基础饲粮,对照Ⅱ组、试验Ⅲ组和试验Ⅳ组在基础饲粮中分别添加10%的上述试验各组获得的猪腹脂制成的液态油的饲粮,4周后测定各组大鼠血脂水平.结果表明:添加10%猪油各组大鼠血清总胆固醇含量显著高于不添加油脂组(P<0.05),对照Ⅱ组大鼠血清总胆固醇含量高于其他各试验组,但差异未达到显著水平(P>0.05).各组大鼠血清甘油三酯和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量差异不显著(P>0.05).对照Ⅱ组大鼠血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量显著高于其他各组(P<0.05).说明富含n-3多不饱和脂肪酸猪油可以起到降低血脂的作用,对预防心血管疾病具有一定作用. 相似文献
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为研究日粮中添加不同油脂对生长育肥猪肉品质、感官指标、肌肉脂肪酸含量及纤维结构的影响,试验选择健康、体重接近的皮特兰×长白阉割公猪及母猪各20头,随机分成2组,每组4个重复,每个重复5头。采用大麦、小麦、玉米及豆粕型基础日粮,亚麻油组:在95%基础日粮中添加5%亚麻油,橄榄油组:在95%基础日粮中添加5%橄榄油,试验共进行80 d。结果显示:不同猪只性别间瘦肉率,背膘厚度和肌肉面积存在显著差异(P0.05),其中阉割公猪背膘厚度、肌间脂肪均高于饲喂同种日粮的母猪,而瘦肉率低于母猪;亚麻油组肌肉中维生素E含量显著低于橄榄油组(P0.05)。不同油脂日粮对各感官指标的影响不显著(P0.05)。亚麻油组肌肉脂肪中亚麻酸的含量显著高于橄榄油组(P0.05);亚麻油组显著增加了C18:3脂肪酸,二十碳五烯酸和二十二碳五烯酸的含量(P0.05);橄榄油和亚麻油组中母猪红肌纤维、肌间纤维、白肌纤维均显著高于阉割公猪(P0.05),橄榄油组各纤维直径较亚麻油组有所提高。不同油脂日粮及猪只性别对肌纤维含量均无显著影响(P0.05)。结果表明:日粮添加5%亚麻油提高肌肉n-3脂肪酸的含量或亚麻酸含量。母猪红肌纤维、肌间纤维和白肌纤维的直径高于去势公猪。日粮添加橄榄油可以提高去势公猪肌肉红肌纤维、肌间纤维和白肌纤维的直径和数量。 相似文献
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文章旨在研究在母猪日粮和断奶仔猪日粮中添加亚麻油酸对断奶仔猪组织器官脂肪酸组成及脂肪酸代谢相关酶活力的影响。选择妊娠110 d的母猪100头,随机分为2组,母猪分娩后对照组饲喂母猪基础日粮,试验组在基础日粮中添加1%的亚油酸。母猪分娩后,选择体重为(6.03±0.45)kg的25 d断奶仔猪600头,随机分为3组,每组5个重复,每个重复40头猪。对照组饲喂断奶仔猪基础日粮(饲喂对照组日粮母猪分娩的仔猪)、处理1组(饲喂对照组日粮母猪分娩的仔猪)和处理2组(饲喂亚麻油酸日粮母猪分娩的仔猪)分别在基础日粮中添加1%亚麻油酸。试验期62 d。结果显示:母猪和仔猪日粮都添加亚麻酸油及仅仔猪日粮添加亚麻酸油组较对照组显著提高了62 d仔猪皮下脂肪苹果酸脱氢酶的活力(P 0.05)。母猪和仔猪日粮中添加亚麻油酸显著影响了断奶仔猪25 d和62 d肝脏和皮下脂肪中脂肪酸的组成(P 0.05),其中母猪日粮添加亚麻油酸较对照组显著提高了62 d仔猪皮下脂肪C18:1n-9、C18:2n-6、单不饱和脂肪酸和肝脏中C16:1n-7、C18:2n-6、C18:3n-3、单不饱和脂肪酸和脂肪的含量(P 0.05)。结果表明:在本试验条件下,母猪日粮添加亚麻油酸可以改变乳和断奶仔猪肝脏中脂肪酸的组成,25 d断奶仔猪肝脏和皮下脂肪脂肪酸的组成取决于仔猪日粮中亚麻油酸的添加水平。 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究在母猪日粮中添加亚麻油C18:3(n-3)对仔猪回肠壁脂肪酸组成、黏膜结构和肥大细胞的影响。16头母猪在妊娠和哺乳期间分别饲喂含猪油(LAR)或亚麻油(LSO)的基础日粮。分别于母猪分娩后和哺乳14 d后测定母源性红细胞的脂肪酸组成。并于仔猪1、7和28日龄时测定其回肠内脂肪酸组成、绒毛隐窝结构及在肥大细胞脱粒后用尤斯灌流系统测定辣根过氧化物酶通量。在仔猪1日龄时,饲喂亚麻油酸组仔猪母源性红细胞和回肠内C18:3(n-3)和C20:5(n-3)含量增加,而C22:6(n-3)和C20:4(n-6)含量降低。饲喂亚麻油的母猪母乳中C18:3(n-3)含量也增加。在7和28日龄,亚麻油处理组仔猪回肠内C18:3(n-3)含量增加。另外,28日龄亚麻油处理组仔猪回肠内C20:4(n-6)脂肪酸水平明显低于猪油组仔猪(P=0.09),同时△5脲酶的mRNA表达也更少。相比较于猪油组仔猪,亚麻油组1日龄仔猪的小肠绒毛更短.7日龄仔猪的隐窝也更浅。随着仔猪日龄的增加,肥大细胞的脱粒作用对2组仔猪回肠通透性的影响都降低,但亚麻油组仔猪在7日龄达到最小值,而猪油组仔猪在28日龄时才达到最小值。总之,在母猪日粮中添加亚麻油对改变仔猪回肠脂肪酸的组成、结构及生理特性有较大影响。 相似文献
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《饲料工业》2016,(14)
试验首先筛选了黑曲霉来源脂肪酶体外水解猪油的适宜p H值、温度和脂肪酶添加剂量等关键参数,然后代谢试验评定体外酶解猪油代谢能值的变化,最后选取700只42日龄黄羽肉鸡开展饲养试验研究使用脂肪酶体外水解猪油或直接在肉鸡日粮中添加脂肪酶对肉鸡生长性能和屠宰性能的影响。试验表明:1本试验条件下,脂肪酶体外水解猪油较适宜的p H值和温度、酶添加剂量参数值分别为8.0、40℃、64 U/g猪油;在此条件下酶解处理后猪油代谢能值提高了4.81%。2降低肉鸡日粮能量水平导致其日增重和饲料报酬降低,使用酶解处理油脂或直接添加脂肪酶均改善了采食低能量日粮肉鸡生长性能,其生长性能可达到甚至数值上超过采食正常能量日粮肉鸡的生长性能。3使用酶解处理油脂或直接添加脂肪酶对肉鸡屠宰性能均没有显著影响。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献