共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
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从外植体的选取时期及处理、培养基及激素组合、培养条件等多方面分析,影响紫花苜蓿花药培养的因素,并对花粉植株倍性鉴定、驯化移栽和花粉植株的遗传稳定性进行了初步探讨。 相似文献
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加拿大披碱草×野大麦三倍体杂种F1加倍植株的染色体及育性鉴定 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
对加拿大披碱草与野大麦2个四倍体亲本杂交产生的三倍体(2n=3x=21)属间杂种F1的自然加倍植株、自然加倍植株F1代及秋水仙素诱导加倍植株的染色体数目及配对构型、花粉育性、结实性进行了鉴定。结果显示:自然加倍植株、自然加倍植株F1代和秋水仙素诱导加倍植株的RTC染色体数目均为42条,即为六倍体(2n=6x=42);其PMCMⅠ平均染色体配对构型分别为0.04Ⅰ 20.96Ⅱ、0.03Ⅰ 20.98Ⅱ和0.03Ⅰ 20.97Ⅱ,配对行为规则;它们的花粉可育率分别为84.97%、94.08%和90.21%,自然结实率分别为77.51%、83.87%和80.13%。证明该属间杂种F1染色体已加倍,且染色体加倍植株的育性已得到恢复。 相似文献
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摘要：本试验采用玻片捕获法测定了扁穗牛鞭草(Hemarthria compressa)种群花粉密度的日变化及不同风速条件下花粉散布格局。结果表明,开花时间集中在上午06:00-08:00和下午15:30-19:00,其中16:00-18:00花粉散布数量最多。无风（风速<1 km/h）及一级风（风速1～5 km/h）条件下,花粉主要散布在花粉源周围5 m内;三级风（风速12～19 km/h）条件下,可在距离花粉源21 m处捕捉到花粉。在花粉散布的主要范围内,扁穗牛鞭草植株基本上来源于同一基株,同株异花授粉现象不可避免。花粉散布特性与专性远交繁育系统之间的矛盾是造成其结实率低的原因之一。 相似文献
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扁穗牛鞭草花粉活力及柱头可授性研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
采用离体萌发法测定扁穗牛鞭草花粉生活力及不同保存条件下花粉寿命,运用联苯胺-过氧化氢法对大棚和大田开花植株柱头可授性进行研究.结果表明:扁穗牛鞭草花粉离体萌发率为65.67%;室温(27℃)下,干燥保存的花粉寿命为3h,湿润保存的花粉寿命为4h;外界环境因子对扁穗牛鞭草柱头可授性影响较大,大棚(平均温度27℃,平均相对湿度65%)、大田(平均温度25℃,平均相对湿度75.9%)两条件下柱头可授性随时间变化差异性显著(P<0.01);大棚内扁穗牛鞭草植株柱头可授期为花后1～5d,大田条件下柱头可授期为花后1～3d. 相似文献
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<正> 近年来,植物组织培养和细胞培养的研究迅速发展,在生产上的作用也日益明显。用花药培养的方法,在草本植物方面,已培育出多种植物的花粉植株;而在木本植物中,只成功地诱导出杨树、橡胶等少数植物的花粉植株。桑树是重要经济作物,日本对桑树组织和细胞培养已有一些报导。如大山·冈(1976)通过桑树茎尖培养成完整植株,关等(1972、1973)、押金等(1968)的花器培养研究;南泽吉三郎、新井富明(1977)的桑芽内花器离体培养研究;山田、冈本(1977)用于养蚕的桑细胞培养的基础研究。国内有关单位也进行了这方面的研究,但对花粉植株的诱导,迄令未见报道。 相似文献
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本项工作主要是对草本植物花粉传播规律的初步摸索。通过试验表明，黄花草木樨（Melilotus suaveolens)的花粉在空气中的含量每天在12时和15时出现两个高峰期，而且它的花粉绝大部分散落在植株附近。这可以基本反映草本植物花粉传播的一些特点。 相似文献
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海南岛小果咖啡开花生物学特性 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
实地观测与详尽分析结果表明,小果咖啡(Caffea arabica L.)植株生长节律、花期历时、花粉形状及其开花习性的动态变化,可因年、季节、月份不同的物候而异。 相似文献
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为扩大苜蓿种植面积,全苏选种遗传研究所培育了干物质和种子产量都高的两个新品种。培育过程中对原始材料的花粉质量(不育性)和数量及子房中胚珠数目进行了观察,证明这些性状与种子产量有关。在1968—1979年期间,研究了2万多个品种样本,杂交种和选育型的干草和种子产量,分析了28种2000个植株的花粉,检查了其中部 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献
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Billinghurst RC Brama PA van Weeren PR Knowlton MS McIlwraith CW 《American journal of veterinary research》2004,65(2):143-150
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether serum concentrations of biomarkers of skeletal metabolism can, in conjunction with radiographic evaluation, indicate severity of osteochondrosis in developing horses. ANIMALS: 43 Dutch Warmblood foals with varying severity of osteochondrosis. PROCEDURE: 24 foals were monitored for 5 months and 19 foals were monitored for 11 months. Monthly radiographs of femoropatellar-femorotibial and tibio-tarsal joints were graded for osteochondral abnormalities. Serial blood samples were assayed for 8 cartilage and bone biomarkers. At the end of the monitoring period, foals were examined for macroscopic osteochondrosis lesions. RESULTS: Temporal relationships were evident between certain serum biomarkers and osteochondrosis severity in foals during their first year. Biomarkers of collagen degradation (collagenase-generated neoepitopes of type-II collagen fragments, type-I and -II collagen fragments [COL2-3/4C(short)], and cross-linked telopeptide fragments of type-I collagen) and bone mineralization (osteocalcin) were positive indicators of osteochondrosis severity at 5 months of age. In foals with lesions at 11 months of age, osteochondrosis severity correlated negatively with COL2-3/4C(short) and osteocalcin and positively with C-propeptide of type-II procollagen (CPII), a collagen synthesis marker. Radiographic grading of osteochondrosis lesions significantly correlated with macroscopic osteochondrosis severity score at both ages and was strongest when combined with osteocalcin at 5 months and CPII at 11 months. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The ability of serum biomarkers to indicate osteochondrosis severity appears to depend on stage of disease and is strengthened with radiography. In older foals with more permanent lesions, osteochondrosis severity is significantly related to biomarker concentrations of decreased bone formation and increased cartilage synthesis. 相似文献