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《饲料与畜牧》2016,(3)
为研究合生素对育肥猪生长性能及消化率的影响,试验选用三元杂交生长育肥猪60头,随机抽选其中10头用于消化代谢试验,剩余50头按照质量相近原则随机分为2个试验处理,每个处理5个重复,每个重复一栏5头,对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组饲喂添加0.05%合生素的基础日粮,试验分两期进行,共计30d。结果表明:与对照组相比,试验组的平均日采食量提高3.82%(P0.05),料肉比降低4.61%(P0.05),平均日增重提高8.59%(P0.05),腹泻率下降37.16%(P0.05);试验组育肥猪对日粮中粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗纤维、钙和磷的消化率与对照组相比分别提高4.46%(P0.01)、19.56%(P0.01)、51.33%(P0.01)、17.80%(P0.01)、1.98%(P0.05)。因此,育肥猪日粮中添加一定量的合生素可以改善育肥猪的生长性能,提高饲料利用率。 相似文献
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为探求生长猪日粮中添加和胃平喘颗粒对生长猪生长性能的影响,选取80头50 kg左右"杜长大"健康生长育肥猪作为试验动物,根据公母各半、体重相近的原则将其随机分为试验组和对照组,每个组设2个重复,每个重复20头。试验组在每千克基础日粮中添加20 g和胃平喘颗粒(g/kg),对照组饲喂基础日粮。试验结果显示,在生长猪日粮中添加20 g/kg和胃平喘颗粒对生长育肥猪的生长性能没有产生显著影响(P0.05)。 相似文献
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《上海畜牧兽医通讯》2017,(5)
本试验旨在研究亚麻籽饼在育肥猪日粮中的应用效果和合适添加剂量,为亚麻籽饼用于育肥猪日粮提供依据。采用单因子试验设计,选取54头体重相近(69.9kg±3.92kg)的育肥猪随机分为3组,每组3个重复,每个重复6头猪,对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组一饲喂在基础日粮中添加3%亚麻籽饼的试验日粮,试验组二饲喂在基础日粮中添加5%亚麻籽饼的试验日粮。试验期45d,结果显示:(1)日粮中添加3%的亚麻籽饼对育肥猪生长性能无显著影响(P0.05),提高了血液总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)和总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)活性,降低了丙二醛(MDA)含量(P0.05)。(2)日粮中添加5%的亚麻籽饼极显著降低了育肥猪的平均日增重(P0.01),显著提高了料肉比(P0.05),对血液T-AOC、T-SOD活性以及MDA的含量均无显著影响(P0.05)。试验结果提示育肥猪日粮中亚麻籽饼的添加水平以不超过3%为宜。 相似文献
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《畜牧与兽医》2017,(5):30-34
旨在探究日粮添加甘蔗提取物(SCE)对夏季高温环境下育肥猪生长性能的影响。试验选择120头初始体重为(70±5.0)kg健康的"杜×长×嘉"育肥猪,随机分为2组,每组4个重复,每个重复15头,分别饲喂基础日粮(对照组)和添加SCE的试验日粮(试验组),试验组每周前3 d连续饲喂含1.5%SCE的日粮,后4 d饲喂正常日粮,在夏季高温环境下饲喂4周后结束试验。结果表明:与对照组相比,试验组末重和平均日采食量分别显著增加3.90%和7.88%(P0.05),平均日增重增加13.79%(P=0.06),血清丙二醛含量显著降低(P0.05),十二指肠绒毛高度与隐窝深度比值显著提高(P0.05)。结论:在夏季高温环境下,日粮中添加SCE能提高育肥猪生长性能,改善小肠黏膜上皮形态,降低机体内脂质过氧化水平。 相似文献
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中草药添加剂对育肥猪生长性能和免疫功能的影响 总被引：6，自引：3，他引：3
本试验旨在探讨夏季在育肥猪日粮中添加中草药添加剂对其生长性能和免疫功能的影响。选取200头体重约60 kg的杜长大(杜洛克×长白×大白)育肥猪,随机分为4个组(处理),每个组5个重复,每个重复10头猪。对照组饲喂在基础日粮中添加50 mg/kg维吉尼亚霉素(50%)的对照日粮,Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组为试验组,分别饲喂在基础日粮中添加0.5%、1.0%、1.5%中草药添加剂的日粮。试验结果表明,与抗生素对照组相比,日粮中添加1.5%中草药添加剂显著提高育肥猪平均日增重、平均日采食量(P<0.05),各试验组均有改善料重比的趋势,但差异不显著;日粮中添加中草药添加剂与抗生素对照组相比,干物质、总能、粗蛋白质、钙、磷等表观消化率均有提高的趋势;育肥猪日粮中添加中草药添加剂与抗生素对照相比,血清中免疫球蛋白IgA、IgG、IgM及补体C3、C4的浓度均显著提高(P<0.05)。由本试验结果可以看出,日粮中添加中草药添加剂明显改善了育肥猪的生产性能、养分消化、免疫功能。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献
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Billinghurst RC Brama PA van Weeren PR Knowlton MS McIlwraith CW 《American journal of veterinary research》2004,65(2):143-150
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether serum concentrations of biomarkers of skeletal metabolism can, in conjunction with radiographic evaluation, indicate severity of osteochondrosis in developing horses. ANIMALS: 43 Dutch Warmblood foals with varying severity of osteochondrosis. PROCEDURE: 24 foals were monitored for 5 months and 19 foals were monitored for 11 months. Monthly radiographs of femoropatellar-femorotibial and tibio-tarsal joints were graded for osteochondral abnormalities. Serial blood samples were assayed for 8 cartilage and bone biomarkers. At the end of the monitoring period, foals were examined for macroscopic osteochondrosis lesions. RESULTS: Temporal relationships were evident between certain serum biomarkers and osteochondrosis severity in foals during their first year. Biomarkers of collagen degradation (collagenase-generated neoepitopes of type-II collagen fragments, type-I and -II collagen fragments [COL2-3/4C(short)], and cross-linked telopeptide fragments of type-I collagen) and bone mineralization (osteocalcin) were positive indicators of osteochondrosis severity at 5 months of age. In foals with lesions at 11 months of age, osteochondrosis severity correlated negatively with COL2-3/4C(short) and osteocalcin and positively with C-propeptide of type-II procollagen (CPII), a collagen synthesis marker. Radiographic grading of osteochondrosis lesions significantly correlated with macroscopic osteochondrosis severity score at both ages and was strongest when combined with osteocalcin at 5 months and CPII at 11 months. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The ability of serum biomarkers to indicate osteochondrosis severity appears to depend on stage of disease and is strengthened with radiography. In older foals with more permanent lesions, osteochondrosis severity is significantly related to biomarker concentrations of decreased bone formation and increased cartilage synthesis. 相似文献