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1.
建立了双柱固相萃取-液相色谱-串联质谱法,可实现对鸡肉中金刚烷胺、金刚乙胺、美金刚胺、吗啉胍、利巴韦林、阿昔洛韦、更昔洛韦、奥司他韦等8种抗病毒药物的同时分析。采用三氯乙酸水溶液-乙腈对鸡肉中8种抗病毒药物残留同时提取,依次通过石墨化碳柱和强阳离子交换柱以实现对目标药物的富集、净化,选用石墨化碳色谱柱进行分离,超高效液相色谱-串联质谱检测。本文通过研究不同提取溶液、固相萃取柱及色谱柱对检测结果的影响,最终建立优化的检测方法,采用外标法计算,检测限1μg/kg,定量限2μg/kg,添加浓度在2~200μg/kg范围内的回收率大于80%,适用于鸡肉中8种抗病毒药物的同时分析。  相似文献   

2.
本实验旨在对磺基水杨酸提取鱼粉中3种生物胺的条件进行优化。通过单因素实验和正交实验考察提取溶液种类、称量质量、提取溶液浓度、超声时间4种因素对生物胺提取效果的影响,并对优化后的条件,进行加标回收率实验及质控样品实验,验证结果的准确性。结果表明：正交实验优选生物胺提取的最佳条件为：称量质量0.5～1.0 g、磺基水杨酸浓度1.0%、超声时间30 min。加标回收率101%～105%,组胺质控样品实测值458 mg/kg,指定值（452.8±64.9）mg/kg,结果可靠。通过磺基水杨酸提取鱼粉中的生物胺、茚三酮作为衍生试剂,氨基酸分析仪检测,达到很好的检测效果,提供了一种简单、快捷的检测方法。  相似文献   

3.
建立了动物组织(肌肉、肝脏、肾脏)中妥洛特罗盐酸盐、异丙肾上腺素、硫酸特布他林、硫酸沙丁胺醇、盐酸克伦特罗、克伦潘特罗、波洛母特罗、盐酸羟苄羟麻黄碱、非诺特罗盐酸盐、莱克多巴胺等10种β-兴奋剂残留量的气相色谱-质谱法检测方法。样品经pH5.2乙酸钠溶液提取,提取液依次经乙酸乙酯-异丙醇(60∶40)混合溶剂和叔丁基甲醚-异丙醇(5∶1)萃取净化,再经Strata-X-C阳离子交换柱(500 mg,3cc)净化后,BSTFA∶TMCS(99∶1)衍生剂衍生,采用HP-5 MS(30 m×0.25 mm×0.25μm)色谱柱进行气相色谱-质谱法分析。10种β-兴奋剂类兽药检出限1μg/kg～5μg/kg,室内平均回收率59.1%～77.4%,变异系数(CV%)0.87～7.04。  相似文献   

4.
本试验采用反反向色谱柱Hilic柱作为色谱分析柱,10mmoi醋酸铵水溶液：乙腈（v／v,5／95）溶液为流动相：鸡蛋样品经混合均匀后,用三氯乙酸溶液提取,经阳离子交换固相萃取柱净化、富集后,在紫外检测器230nm处用高效液相色谱仪测定,保留时间在10-11min;标准曲线在0．1—50μg/ml浓度内呈线性相关（R^2=0．9999）;在空白鸡蛋样品中添加0．5mg／kg（检测限）、1mg／kg（定量限）、2．Smg／kg、5mg／kg的三聚氰胺,回收率为70％-100％,相对标准偏差（RSD）小于10％．该方法简单快速、灵敏度高、重现性好,非常适合鸡蛋中三聚氰胺药物残留的确证和定量测定。  相似文献   

5.
建立牛乳中万古霉素、去甲万古霉素和替考拉宁的高效液相色谱-串联质谱测定方法。采用多反应监测模式,外标法定量。通过对不同提取溶剂的考察,选择0.1%甲酸水溶液-乙腈溶液（85∶15,V/V）作为提取溶剂;牛乳样品经超声辅助提取后,选用阳离子交换柱对万古霉素和去甲万古霉素进行净化,采用C18固相萃取柱对替考拉宁进行净化;流动相选择乙腈-0.1%甲酸水溶液体系,并采用梯度洗脱模式;分析物经反相C18色谱柱分离后,用质谱进行测定。结果表明：万古霉素、去甲万古霉素和替考拉宁的检出限分别为2、1、2 μg/kg,定量  相似文献   

6.
食糜样本中11种生物胺同步检测方法的建立   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
旨在建立一种利用液质联用（liquid chromatography mass spectrometry,LC-MS）技术实现对猪肠道食糜中多种生物胺进行同步检测的方法。试验首先优化了丹磺酰氯（dansyl chloride,DNS）对生物胺的衍生条件,并进一步确定了肠道食糜样品中生物胺的最佳净化方法。结果显示,衍生条件在衍生剂浓度为8 mg·mL-1,衍生温度为40℃的条件下,衍生90 min为最佳。生物胺净化方法确定为先用乙酸乙酯进行提取,衍生结束后再用乙酸乙酯进行萃取的组合方式提取生物胺的效果最好;11种生物胺在5～1 000 μg·L-1的质量浓度范围内定量结果呈良好的线性关系（R2>0.99）,检出限和定量限分别为0.01～0.23 μg·L-1和0.03～0.76 μg·L-1;各生物胺的日内相对标准偏差在0.73%～ 7.92%,日间相对标准偏差在0.07%～8.67%。最后采用本方法对仔猪回肠、盲肠、结肠和直肠食糜样品中的生物胺进行检测,初步确定了11种生物胺在不同肠段食糜中的含量分布。通过对仔猪回肠、盲肠、结肠和直肠中的食糜样品进行检测,发现食糜中的生物胺主要为亚精胺、腐胺、尸胺、精胺和组胺,而酪胺、1,7-二氨基庚烷、5-羟色胺和胍基丁胺4种生物胺含量较少,色胺和苯乙胺未检出。综上所述,本试验建立的方法具有结果准确、灵敏度高、重现性好等优点,可用于仔猪不同肠道段食糜中多种生物胺的同步检测。  相似文献   

7.
建立了离子色谱法测定磺胺氯吡嗪钠中钠离子含量的方法。试验采用Dionex IonPac CS12A(4 mm×250 mm)阳离子交换色谱柱,以甲烷磺酸溶液为淋洗液,流速为1.0 mL/min,柱温为30℃,抑制型电导检测器。试验结果表明钠离子与常见成盐阳离子分离良好,在0.2～15μg/mL浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系(r~2=1.0000),加样回收率为100.7%(n=9,RSD=3.0%)。建立的方法准确、灵敏、专属性好,可用于测定磺胺氯吡嗪钠中钠离子的含量。  相似文献   

8.
旨在建立一种利用液质联用(liquid chromatography mass spectrometry,LC-MS)技术实现对猪肠道食糜中多种生物胺进行同步检测的方法。试验首先优化了丹磺酰氯(dansyl chloride,DNS)对生物胺的衍生条件,并进一步确定了肠道食糜样品中生物胺的最佳净化方法。结果显示,衍生条件在衍生剂浓度为8 mg·mL~(-1),衍生温度为40℃的条件下,衍生90 min为最佳。生物胺净化方法确定为先用乙酸乙酯进行提取,衍生结束后再用乙酸乙酯进行萃取的组合方式提取生物胺的效果最好;11种生物胺在5～1 000μg·L~(-1)的质量浓度范围内定量结果呈良好的线性关系(R~20.99),检出限和定量限分别为0.01～0.23μg·L~(-1)和0.03～0.76μg·L~(-1);各生物胺的日内相对标准偏差在0.73%～7.92%,日间相对标准偏差在0.07%～8.67%。最后采用本方法对仔猪回肠、盲肠、结肠和直肠食糜样品中的生物胺进行检测,初步确定了11种生物胺在不同肠段食糜中的含量分布。通过对仔猪回肠、盲肠、结肠和直肠中的食糜样品进行检测,发现食糜中的生物胺主要为亚精胺、腐胺、尸胺、精胺和组胺,而酪胺、1,7-二氨基庚烷、5-羟色胺和胍基丁胺4种生物胺含量较少,色胺和苯乙胺未检出。综上所述,本试验建立的方法具有结果准确、灵敏度高、重现性好等优点,可用于仔猪不同肠道段食糜中多种生物胺的同步检测。  相似文献   

9.
文章旨在建立同时测定渔用饲料中氟苯尼考及氟苯尼考胺残留量的同位素稀释-高效液相色谱串联质谱法。以氯霉素-D5和氟苯尼考胺-D3位内标，样品用氨化乙酸乙酯提取，混合型阳离子交换固相萃取柱（MCX）净化，在金刚烷基色谱柱上分离，采用LC-MS/MS选择多反应监测（MRM）模式进行定性、定量分析。结果表明：氟苯尼考及氟苯尼考胺的检出限（LOD）为0.2和0.5μg/kg，定量限（LOQ）为1.0和2.0μg/kg，检测结果的相对标准偏差为2.04%～12.1%（n=6），加标回收率达到64.3%～97.0%。该方法具有比较高的重现性和选择性，在渔用饲料中氟苯尼考及氟苯尼考胺的残留测定中具有很好的应用前景。 [关键词]高效液相色谱-串联质谱法|同位素稀释法|氟苯尼考|氟苯尼考胺|渔用饲料  相似文献   

10.
本试验建立了猪组织中氟尼辛残留量的HPLC检测方法。该方法以无水硫酸钠、乙腈溶液、正己烷、2%磷酸等为样品前处理液对样品进行前处理,并采用PCX阳离子交换柱进行固相萃取,甲醇活化、氨化甲醇洗脱,HPLC检测过程中,以甲醇-磷酸三乙胺溶液为流动相,采用伊利特ODS-2色谱柱,检测波长为333 nm。结果显示,氟尼辛在0.025μg/m L添加浓度范围内,各浓度与其响应值(色谱峰面积)呈良好的线性关系;方法平均加标回收率达83.59%;猪肌肉、皮脂、肾脏、肝脏4种组织中氟尼辛的检测限(LOD)分别为10、6、15μg/kg和15μg/kg,定量限(LOQ)分别为25、10、30μg/kg和30μg/kg,定量限均能达到EMEA和FDA所规定的残留限量要求,回收率、变异系数等指标也符合动物源性食品中兽药残留的检测。  相似文献   

11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。  相似文献   

12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes. But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia.  相似文献   

13.
Tropical Animal Health and Production -  相似文献   

14.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

15.
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed.  相似文献   

16.
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.  相似文献   

17.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

18.
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded.  相似文献   

19.
The objective of this report was to characterize 20-year changes in proportion of calcium oxalate (CaOx) calculi and struvite calculi in dogs, and associations with breed, age, and sex. In this retrospective study, results of analysis of urinary calculi from dogs were reviewed for specimens received between July 1, 1981, and December 31, 2001. Breed, sex, age, year of submission of the specimen, and mineral type(s) were analyzed statistically. CaOx or Struvite or both were contained in 18,966 of 20,884 (91%) specimens. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant increase was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained CaOx. The increase in this proportion was greater in females (1% to 31%) than in males (18% to 82%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions may have plateaued, the odds of specimens containing CaOx were markedly higher in 18 breeds, markedly lower in 5 breeds, and not significantly different in 13 breeds compared with crossbreds. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant decrease was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained struvite. This decrease in proportion was greater for males (79-16%) than for females (97-68%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions plateaued, the odds of calculi containing struvite were markedly lower in 20 breeds, markedly higher in 1 breed, and not significantly different in 15 breeds when compared with crossbreds. Breed, age, and sex were associated statistically with CaOx or struvite urolithiasis. In conclusion, there appears to have been a long-term increase in the proportion of specimens of canine urinary calculi that contain CaOx as well as a long-term decrease in the proportion of specimens of calculi that contain struvite for both male and female dogs. The rate of change appeared to begin leveling off in the period 1998 to 2001. The recent proportion of dogs with either CaOx- or struvite-associated urolithiasis may depend on breed, age, and sex, and on interactions among these 3 factors.  相似文献   

20.
<正>1.INTRODUCTION Ensuring transportation network security is one Of the most daunting challenges confronting homeland security agencies today.Significant research has been dedicated.To model and analyze the vulnerability of transportation systems,while notably fewer studies propose specific strategies for deploying defensive technologies to safeguard these systems.  相似文献   

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