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巴克夏与广东小耳花猪杂交效果分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《中国畜牧杂志》2019,(4)
为进一步开发利用广东小耳花猪肉品质优良的种质特性,本研究选用广东小耳花猪和巴克夏猪进行杂交,测定其杂交后代巴花猪(巴克夏猪♂×广东小耳花猪♀)的生长性能、胴体性状和肉品质。结果表明:巴×花杂交组合的总产仔数达到11.47头;巴花猪的初生均重达到850 g,育肥阶段日增重达到667 g,育肥阶段耗料增重比为3.35;120 kg体重屠宰,肌内脂肪含量为4.27%,瘦肉率为43.12%,肉色评分为5.58分,背膘厚度为47.42 mm,剪切力为37.35 N。综合来看,巴花猪在生长、胴体等多项性能方面均优于广东小耳花猪,体现出了父本生长速度快、胴体瘦肉率高的特性,同时其肌内脂肪含量高,胴体瘦肉率偏低,也表现出母本肌肉细嫩、大理石纹丰富、胴体瘦肉率低的特性,是一种可推广的生产优质猪肉的杂交模式。 相似文献
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瘦肉型猪是指屠宰后胴体膘薄、瘦肉率高的品种猪。这些品种猪是经过长时间的精心培育并在一定的饲养条件下,保持稳定的瘦肉生产能力的优良猪种。这类猪生长瘦肉的能力强,胴体瘦肉多,脂肪少,瘦肉占胴体重的60％以上。由于瘦肉型猪产肉多,经济效益高,是当前和今后饲养商品猪的发展方向。做繁殖用的瘦肉型公猪和母猪,称为瘦肉型种猪。用瘦肉型种公猪与瘦肉率低的本地土种或地方优良品种杂交,可以提高杂种后代的瘦肉率。 相似文献
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一、什么叫瘦肉型猪 瘦肉型猪是指屠宰后胴体膘薄、瘦肉率高的品种猪。这些品种猪是经过长时间的精心培育并在一定的饲养条件下,保持稳定的瘦肉生产能力的优良猪种。这类猪生长瘦肉的能力强,胴体瘦肉多,脂肪少,瘦肉占胴体重的60％以上。由于瘦肉型猪产肉多,经济效益高,是当前和今后饲养商品猪的发展方向。做繁殖用的瘦肉型公猪和母猪,称为瘦肉型种猪。用瘦肉型种公猪与瘦肉率低的本地土种或地方优良品种杂交,可以提高杂 相似文献
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试验采用40头去势大白公猪,研究日粮脂肪来源(日粮中含有5%的牛羊油或豆油)对猪脂肪酸含量、瘦肉率和脂肪生成的影响是否依赖于日粮可消化的能量浓度(8.8MJDE/kg、14.0MJDE/kg)。试验猪分为4组,体重27-105kg定量饲喂(170g×BW0.569/d)。测背膘、网膜脂、背最长肌中肌间脂肪组织脂肪酸含量和成脂酶活性。试验结果表明,猪生长性能和胴体品质受日粮能量水平影响(p<0.01)与脂肪来源无关。在低能量组胴体脂肪沉积少、成脂酶活性降低(p<0.01)。在日粮能量水平范围内,采食含豆油的 相似文献
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互助猪及其杂交猪的肉质比较 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
刘强 《青海畜牧兽医杂志》1991,(2):16-18
对互助猪、杜洛克猪和以互助猪为母本,用国内外6个不同品种猪为第一和第二父本的8个杂交组合猪的肉质测定结果:互助猪肉质优良,肌肉干物质、脂肪含量明显高于各杂交组和杜洛克猪(P<0.01),嫩度接近80％,背脂和板油的融点低,肌肉颜色、大理石纹也优于其它各组合;各杂交组猪的眼肌面积比互助猪提高47.8—133.8％(P<0.01),以杜苏互和杜长互为最高,分别增加133.8％、115.4％,瘦肉率比互助猪提高5.0—10.1％,以杜苏互和长苏互较高,分别增加10.1％和9.3％;肌肉pH值以杜苏互、长苏互、杜长互和汉巴互较佳,均比亲本杜洛克猪有明显提高(P<0.05)。由此看出,互助猪虽然眼肌面积小,瘦肉率低,但其与瘦肉型品种的杂交后代,眼肌面积和瘦肉率都有较大提高。就肉质比较而言,杜苏互和长苏互是较好的瘦肉型杂交组合。 相似文献
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影响猪胴体品质的一些饲料因素 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
王作强 《国外畜牧学(猪与禽)》1998,(4):46-47
猪的胴体品质大体上包括胴体瘦内率及胴体肉、脂的质量。随着人们生活水平的提高及外向型养猪业的发展．市场对用作品质的要求不断提高．并逐渐由原来单纯追求高瘦肉率转为瘦肉率与肉脂质量并重。胴体品质受遗传、饲料、性别、生长阶段、疾病等因素的影响,其中饲料对胴体品质具有重要的影响。本文介绍一些影响猪胴体品质的饲料因素。 相似文献
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乐平花猪是江西省地方优良猪种，属我国华中型猪种。１９８３～１９８８年江西农业大学组织多学科协作对乐平花猪的繁殖性能、生长发育、肥育性能、胴体品质和肉质、生理生化常值、杂交利用等主要生物特性进行测定与研究。结果表明，乐平花猪体型较大，生长速度较快、性早熟。幼公猪８０日龄时曲精细管内出现精子，幼母猪１２０日龄时排出卵子。产仔数较多，经产母猪产仔数１１～１２头。在中等营养水平下肥育，日增重４７０多ｇ，胴体瘦肉率４０％左右，胴体脂多，皮的比例较大。肉质好，肌肉脂肪含量高，肉色鲜红，肌纤维细嫩，肌肉系水力强，熟食肉的感官品质好。此外，发现乐平花猪血清转铁蛋白的ＢＢ型和ＡＢ型瘦肉率显著高于ＡＡ型。测定了后备猪生理生化常值。初步研究了乐平花猪杂交优势表现，认为是一个较好的杂交母本。 相似文献
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试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。 相似文献
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Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections
of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal
(GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April
2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs
located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming
areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology
laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum
columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying
degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal
abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy
season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different
nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those
observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes.
But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the
results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. 相似文献
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Tropical Animal Health and Production - 相似文献
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Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
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H Hayashi T Yoshimura J Y Chen 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1985,8(2):73-87
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed. 相似文献
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B. Cinar Kul N. Bilgen J.A. Lenstra O. Korkmaz Agaoglu B. Akyuz O. Ertugrul 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2015,132(6):449-453
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded. 相似文献
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Davis MS Willard MD Nelson SL Mandsager RE McKiernan BS Mansell JK Lehenbauer TW 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(3):311-314
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large. 相似文献
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Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
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Ling GV Thurmond MC Choi YK Franti CE Ruby AL Johnson DL 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):817-823
The objective of this report was to characterize 20-year changes in proportion of calcium oxalate (CaOx) calculi and struvite calculi in dogs, and associations with breed, age, and sex. In this retrospective study, results of analysis of urinary calculi from dogs were reviewed for specimens received between July 1, 1981, and December 31, 2001. Breed, sex, age, year of submission of the specimen, and mineral type(s) were analyzed statistically. CaOx or Struvite or both were contained in 18,966 of 20,884 (91%) specimens. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant increase was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained CaOx. The increase in this proportion was greater in females (1% to 31%) than in males (18% to 82%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions may have plateaued, the odds of specimens containing CaOx were markedly higher in 18 breeds, markedly lower in 5 breeds, and not significantly different in 13 breeds compared with crossbreds. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant decrease was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained struvite. This decrease in proportion was greater for males (79-16%) than for females (97-68%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions plateaued, the odds of calculi containing struvite were markedly lower in 20 breeds, markedly higher in 1 breed, and not significantly different in 15 breeds when compared with crossbreds. Breed, age, and sex were associated statistically with CaOx or struvite urolithiasis. In conclusion, there appears to have been a long-term increase in the proportion of specimens of canine urinary calculi that contain CaOx as well as a long-term decrease in the proportion of specimens of calculi that contain struvite for both male and female dogs. The rate of change appeared to begin leveling off in the period 1998 to 2001. The recent proportion of dogs with either CaOx- or struvite-associated urolithiasis may depend on breed, age, and sex, and on interactions among these 3 factors. 相似文献
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<正>1.INTRODUCTION Ensuring transportation network security is one Of the most daunting challenges confronting homeland security agencies today.Significant research has been dedicated.To model and analyze the vulnerability of transportation systems,while notably fewer studies propose specific strategies for deploying defensive technologies to safeguard these systems. 相似文献