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1.
建立了适用于检测畜肉及内脏中莫昔克丁残留的高效液相色谱法。样品经乙腈提取,加水混合后,C18固相萃取柱净化,氮气吹干。将N-甲基咪唑-乙腈(1+1,v/v)和三氟乙酸酐-乙腈(1+2,v/v)作为衍生化试剂,65 ℃避光反应15 min进行衍生化。以乙腈+水(90+10,v /v)作为流动相,等度洗脱,荧光法测定。结果显示：莫昔克丁在线性范围内呈良好线性关系,相关系数(R2)大于0.999,检测限和定量限分别为2 μg/kg和5 μg/kg。该方法在以上各组织中的回收率范围为60.5 % ～ 110 %,其批间、批内变异系数范围为0.62 % ～ 15.8 %。该方法准确性强、灵敏度高,可满足实验室实际工作需求。  相似文献   

2.
鸡组织中尼卡巴嗪残留HPLC检测方法的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
建立了尼卡巴嗪标识残留物在鸡组织中残留的HPLC检测方法.样品用乙腈提取,正己烷脱脂,C18固相小柱净化.以乙腈:水(52: 48)为流动相,紫外检测器在波长340 nm处检测.在该检测条件下,尼卡巴嗪标示残留物DNC的检测限为31.25μg/kg,定量限为100μg/kg.DNC工作液在31.25～8 000 μg/kg范围内药物浓度与峰面积呈良好的线性关系(r=0.999 9).尼卡巴嗪在鸡肌肉、肝脏和肾脏中添加浓度分别为0.1、0.2和0.4 μg/g时,样品回收率在80.06%～89.87%之间.批内变异系数小于7.09%,批间变异系数小于6.34%.  相似文献   

3.
建立了鸡四种可食性组织中替米考星的液相色谱串联质谱内标法。样品经磷酸二氢钾缓冲液和乙腈提取后,C18固相萃取柱净化,以0.1%甲酸乙腈溶液和0.1%甲酸水为流动相,液相色谱串联质谱法测定,内标法定量。试验结果表明：鸡四种可食性组织中替米考星在1 μg/kg~100 μg/kg的浓度范围内呈线性关系,相关系数r大于0.99;替米考星在鸡四种可食性组织中的检测限为0.5 μg/kg,定量限为1 μg/kg;四种组织中替米考星添加浓度为1 μg/kg~4800 μg/kg时,批间平均回收率为94.6%~100.9%,批内、批间变异系数在1.11%-5.06%范围之间。本方法适用于鸡四种可食性组织中替米考星含量的测定。  相似文献   

4.
建立一种适用于牛奶、羊奶和奶粉中乙酰氨基阿维菌素、阿维菌素、伊维菌素和多拉菌素的残留检测方法。奶及奶粉中的4种阿维菌素类药物用20%乙醇乙腈溶液提取,加水和微量三乙胺稀释后经C18固相萃取柱净化,氮气吹干后,65℃避光衍生化反应15 min。用高效液相色谱—荧光检测法分析,外标法定量。4种药物在0.5~1 000 ng/m L浓度范围内线性关系良好,在牛奶、羊奶中的定量限为0.5μg/kg;在奶粉中的定量限为5μg/kg。一定浓度范围内,4种药物在牛奶、羊奶和奶粉中的平均回收率为89.2%~113%;批内变异系数为0.450%~9.73%,批间变异系数为2.90%~10.6%。该方法操作简单、灵敏度高、准确度和精密度好,适用于牛奶、羊奶及奶粉中阿维菌素类药物的残留检测。  相似文献   

5.
本研究建立了猪肝中乙酰异戊酰泰乐菌素残留的超高效液相色谱―串联质谱检测方法(UPLC-MS/MS)。样品经EDTA-McIlvaine's缓冲液提取,HLB固相萃取柱净化后,采用C18色谱柱分离,以乙腈―0.1％甲酸(7∶3,V/V)为流动相洗脱,电喷雾正离子模式电离,选择离子监测模式检测。结果表明,药物浓度与峰面积在5~2000 ng/mL范围内呈现良好的线性关系,相关系数大于0.99,对空白猪肝组织进行5~500 μg/kg的药物添加回收试验,经统计分析获得平均回收率约为84.9%~88.1%,批内变异系数为8.2％~15.1%,批间变异系数为14.7％~16.5%。本方法对乙酰异戊酰泰乐菌素的检测限为0.76 μg/kg,定量限为2.51 μg/kg,方法灵敏、准确,适用于猪肝脏中乙酰异戊酰泰乐菌素残留的检测。  相似文献   

6.
本试验建立了牛可食性组织中加米霉素残留量检测的制样和高效液相色谱-串联质谱检测方法,适用于牛组织中加米霉素残留量的测定。牛组织(牛的肌肉、肝脏、肾脏和脂肪)经绞碎、均质后,样品经0. 1 mol/L磷酸二氢钾缓冲液提取,Oasis HLB固相萃取柱净化,高效液相色谱-串联质谱法检测,内标法定量。该方法特异性好,空白样品无干扰。该方法的检测限为1μg/kg,定量限为2μg/kg,基质匹配标准曲线范围为5μg/L～500μg/L,相关系数 0. 99;牛肌肉和肾脏组织在2、50、100、200μg/kg四个添加浓度的平均回收率为93. 56%～103. 31%,批内变异系数≤8. 67%,批间变异系数≤6. 70%;牛肝脏组织在2、100、200、400μg/kg四个添加浓度的平均回收率为94. 37%～102. 52%,批内变异系数≤5. 70%,批间变异系数≤4. 61%;牛脂肪组织在2、10、20、40μg/kg四个添加浓度的平均回收率为100. 95%～105. 58%,批内变异系数≤5. 89%,批间变异系数≤4. 52%。  相似文献   

7.
建立了猪肉、猪肝和猪尿中阿托品残留的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)的检测方法。样品经乙腈-0.1%甲酸水(V/V,90:10)溶液提取,Agela Cleanert? PEP-2固相萃取柱净化后,采用UPLC-MS/MS测定,外标法定量。结果表明,猪组织及猪尿中阿托品的检测限为0.2 μg/kg,定量限为0.5 μg/kg。在0.5～2.5 μg/kg添加浓度范围内阿托品的平均回收率78.3%～98.2%之间,批内、批间相对标准偏差均小于15％。该方法简便、快速、灵敏度高、重现性好,适用于猪组织及猪尿中阿托品的含量测定。  相似文献   

8.
建立了一种可准确定性定量检测4种牛可食性组织中莫昔克丁残留的液相色谱-三重四极杆/线性离子阱(LC-Qtrap)复合质谱分析技术。牛肌肉、肝脏、肾脏和脂肪样品经乙腈提取,高速离心去除蛋白质等杂质,C18柱净化。以0.1%甲酸水溶液和0.1%甲酸乙腈溶液为流动相进行洗脱,在BEH C18色谱柱上实现分离,在电喷雾正离子(ESI+)模式下,用多反应监测联合信息依赖性采集与增强子离子扫描(MRM-IDA-EPI)模式检测,基质匹配标准溶液外标法定量。结果表明:莫昔克丁在牛肌肉和牛肾脏1~100 ng/mL的基质匹配浓度范围内;在牛肝脏1~200 ng/mL的基质匹配浓度范围内和在牛脂肪1~1000 ng/mL的基质匹配浓度范围内均呈现良好的线性关系,相关系数(R 2)均大于0.990;在4种牛可食性组织中莫昔克丁的定量限均为2μg/kg。莫昔克丁在牛肌肉2~40μg/kg、牛肝脏2~200μg/kg、牛肾脏2~100μg/kg和牛脂肪2~1000μg/kg添加浓度水平上的回收率范围为65.6%~115%;批内与批间相对标准偏差均小于15%。该方法具有简便快速、灵敏度高、定性准确,重复性好等特点,可以满足上述组织中莫昔克丁残留检测的要求。  相似文献   

9.
为建立高效液相色谱法测定牛奶中氯唑西林残留的方法,牛奶样品用乙腈沉淀蛋白,三氯甲烷反萃取,有机相旋干用流动相溶解,正己烷除脂。0.02mol/L磷酸二氢钾溶液(pH 5.0)-乙腈(68∶32)比例为流动相,C18反相色谱柱分离,紫外检测。结果氯唑西林在15μg/kg～1 000μg/kg范围内呈现良好的线性关系,相关系数大于0.999 0;在15、30、60μg/kg三个添加水平,氯唑西林在牛奶中的平均回收率为70.25%～94.38%,批内变异系数小于8.34%,批间变异系数小于3.52%。方法检出限为5μg/kg,定量限为15μg/kg。表明该检测方法简单、灵敏、可靠,适用于牛奶中氯唑西林残留的分析检测。  相似文献   

10.
陆春波 《中国兽药杂志》2012,46(8):24-27,38
建立了牛组织中氨丙啉残留检测的高效液相色谱法.试样中的氨丙啉经乙腈提取后旋转蒸干,用磷酸盐缓冲液溶解,过HLB固相萃取小柱净化,高效液相色谱法进行测定.结果表明,在0.20～20.0 μg/mL范围内,氨丙啉浓度与峰面积呈良好线性关系(r2=0.9999);在牛的肌肉、肝脏、肾脏和脂肪中,氨丙啉的检测限为100 μg/kg,在牛的肌肉、肝脏、肾脏中定量限为250 μg/kg,在牛的脂肪中定量限为200 μg/kg.在不同添加浓度下测定,氨丙啉的平均回收率为60％ ～ 110％,批内和批间变异系数均在15％以内.本方法可快速测定牛组织中氨丙啉残留量,且操作简单、灵敏度高、结果准确性高,能满足日常检测需要.  相似文献   

11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。  相似文献   

12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes. But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia.  相似文献   

13.
Tropical Animal Health and Production -  相似文献   

14.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

15.
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed.  相似文献   

16.
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.  相似文献   

17.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

18.
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded.  相似文献   

19.
The objective of this report was to characterize 20-year changes in proportion of calcium oxalate (CaOx) calculi and struvite calculi in dogs, and associations with breed, age, and sex. In this retrospective study, results of analysis of urinary calculi from dogs were reviewed for specimens received between July 1, 1981, and December 31, 2001. Breed, sex, age, year of submission of the specimen, and mineral type(s) were analyzed statistically. CaOx or Struvite or both were contained in 18,966 of 20,884 (91%) specimens. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant increase was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained CaOx. The increase in this proportion was greater in females (1% to 31%) than in males (18% to 82%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions may have plateaued, the odds of specimens containing CaOx were markedly higher in 18 breeds, markedly lower in 5 breeds, and not significantly different in 13 breeds compared with crossbreds. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant decrease was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained struvite. This decrease in proportion was greater for males (79-16%) than for females (97-68%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions plateaued, the odds of calculi containing struvite were markedly lower in 20 breeds, markedly higher in 1 breed, and not significantly different in 15 breeds when compared with crossbreds. Breed, age, and sex were associated statistically with CaOx or struvite urolithiasis. In conclusion, there appears to have been a long-term increase in the proportion of specimens of canine urinary calculi that contain CaOx as well as a long-term decrease in the proportion of specimens of calculi that contain struvite for both male and female dogs. The rate of change appeared to begin leveling off in the period 1998 to 2001. The recent proportion of dogs with either CaOx- or struvite-associated urolithiasis may depend on breed, age, and sex, and on interactions among these 3 factors.  相似文献   

20.
<正>1.INTRODUCTION Ensuring transportation network security is one Of the most daunting challenges confronting homeland security agencies today.Significant research has been dedicated.To model and analyze the vulnerability of transportation systems,while notably fewer studies propose specific strategies for deploying defensive technologies to safeguard these systems.  相似文献   

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