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云南省永善县马楠半细毛羊育种站饲养的半细毛羊羔羊，春季青草萌芽期采食嫩草后常群发腹泻，影响羔羊生长发育，给育种工作造成损失。根据羔羊腹泻的病因及临床特点，我采用中西药联合试治，取得了显著效果。１材料与方法１１试验药品参苓白术散：云南昆明中药厂生产，... 相似文献
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羔羊腹泻是1-20日龄羔羊的常发病,可造成羔羊生长缓慢,抵抗力减弱,不及时治疗将会引起羔羊死亡,给养羊业造成严重的经济损失。根据对我镇羔羊腹泻的调查,初生羔羊平均发病率较高，约占18．9％，死亡率8．5％。产羔前期发病率略低（12．3％-16．3％），中后期较高（13．5％-18．9％）。从2003年至2006年，笔者采取中西医综合措施， 相似文献
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羔羊维生素Ｂ１缺乏病的诊治魏窦兴杨立才（海西州莫河畜牧场兽医站，８１７１０４）１９９６年３～４月，海西州莫河牧场周围地区普遍发生羔羊腹泻，有些病羔于发病后第１５天左右死亡，死亡率达８０％１临床症状：病羔一般体质瘦弱，精神萎靡不振，饮食不进，伴有腹泻。... 相似文献
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环丙沙星是喹诺酮类抗生素，抗菌谱广、杀菌力强、毒副作用小。１材料和方法１．１试验药品１．１．１盐酸环丙沙星试验前先将赋形剂加盐溶化，加入一定量的盐酸环丙沙星，充分搅拌混匀制成软膏剂，冷却后装入空牙膏管中备用。１．１．２痢菌净１．２供试羔羊选自某牧场７日龄半细毛病羔羊。临床症状为明显拉稀，精神欠佳。食欲不振，粪便水样或稀糊状，呈黄、绿、灰、白等颜色且有腥味或恶臭味。肛门周围有粪便污染。１．３试验方法１．３．１盐酸环丙沙星治疗组，对病羔羊进行临床检查、编号登记并估重，按１０ｍｇ／ｋｇ体重投服盐酸环丙… 相似文献
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我县自3月份以来主要是梅雨,湿热天气,昼夜温差较大。某养殖户当时有成年羊62头,断奶和哺乳羔羊53头。3月中旬,先在一圈舍的哺乳羔羊中发病,随后临近羊舍也发病,发病率高达65%,病死率达23%,主要以羔羊不食呕吐,腹泻,腹胀,卧地不起后相继死去,成年羔羊无明显临床症状。经过主述、现场调查、临床症状和实验室诊断,最终确诊为魏氏梭菌和大肠杆菌混合感染。1主要症状精神萎靡,腹泻,排水样粪,粪色多样,有黄绿色,灰白色或黄白色，后驱被粪便污染，少数羔羊粪便糊肛，发出尖叫声。病羔羊体温升高，达41～42℃。病后期，羔羊有的排带血稀粪或血便，严重脱水，多在昏迷中死去。有的羔羊腹胀不腹泻，四肢瘫软，卧地不起，呼吸急促，口角有白沫。病后期呈游泳状，死后呈角弓反张。 相似文献
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曲拉糖楂煎剂治疗犊牛羔羊消化不良性腹泻笔者在西北农业大学教学试验农场（牛场及羊场）工作期间，用曲拉、糖楂煎剂治疗犊牛、羔羊因消化不良引起的腹泻３００余例，治愈率达９９％以上。（一）方剂曲拉、红糖、白糖及山楂各１５ｇ（羔羊）～４０ｇ（犊牛）。先将曲拉、... 相似文献
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为查明宁夏地区某羊场羔羊腹泻的发病原因并选择敏感药物用于治疗,从患病羔羊粪便中分离出4株细菌,进行形态特征、培养特性、16S rRNA测序、VITEK微生物鉴定系统鉴定、致病性试验及药敏试验。结果显示,分离菌为奇异变形杆菌。动物试验表明,4株奇异变形杆菌对小鼠具有很强的致病性。药敏试验表明,4株奇异变形杆菌对氨基糖甙类抗生素(阿米卡星、卡那霉素、链霉素)、氟苯尼考及头孢菌素类抗生素敏感,而对大环内酯类(红霉素和克林霉素)、复方新诺明、恩诺沙星全部耐药。对青霉素类(哌拉西林、氨苄西林、阿莫西林)、喹诺酮类(环丙沙星、氧氟沙星、诺氟沙星)、四环素、万古霉素、庆大霉素呈现不同程度的耐药。结果表明,该4株奇异变形杆菌具有较强的致病力和多重耐药性,可能是此次羔羊腹泻的致病菌,治疗首选氨基糖甙类、氟苯尼考及头孢菌素类抗生素。 相似文献
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羔羊腹泻是1—20日龄羔羊的常发病,可造成羔羊生长缓慢,体质下降,抵抗力减弱,不及时治疗将会引起死亡,给养羊业造成严重的经济损失。据对白银市羔羊腹泻的调查,初生羔羊平均发病率较高,约占18．9％,死亡率8．5％。产羔前期发病率略低（12．3％-16．3％）,中后期较高（13．5％-18．9％）。从2003年至2006年,笔者等采取中西医综合防制措施,共治疗羔羊腹泻4182例,治愈3531例,治愈率达84．43％,好转370例,无效281例,总有效率达到93．28％。现报道如下。 相似文献
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正近年来,随着舍饲养羊及规模化养羊发展,羔羊腹泻在舍饲养羊中,发生率高达90%,死亡率达20%-30%,发病的羔羊,以一个月内的新生羔羊为主。发病表现为:初期粪便不成型,精神沉郁、饮食减少或不食、体温升高,继而发生新生羔羊粪便堵塞肛门,严重的;出现水样腹泻、黑色稀便,便中含有气泡、恶臭,逐渐出现脱水、酸中毒、败血症等症状,从而造成羔羊死亡。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献
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Billinghurst RC Brama PA van Weeren PR Knowlton MS McIlwraith CW 《American journal of veterinary research》2004,65(2):143-150
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether serum concentrations of biomarkers of skeletal metabolism can, in conjunction with radiographic evaluation, indicate severity of osteochondrosis in developing horses. ANIMALS: 43 Dutch Warmblood foals with varying severity of osteochondrosis. PROCEDURE: 24 foals were monitored for 5 months and 19 foals were monitored for 11 months. Monthly radiographs of femoropatellar-femorotibial and tibio-tarsal joints were graded for osteochondral abnormalities. Serial blood samples were assayed for 8 cartilage and bone biomarkers. At the end of the monitoring period, foals were examined for macroscopic osteochondrosis lesions. RESULTS: Temporal relationships were evident between certain serum biomarkers and osteochondrosis severity in foals during their first year. Biomarkers of collagen degradation (collagenase-generated neoepitopes of type-II collagen fragments, type-I and -II collagen fragments [COL2-3/4C(short)], and cross-linked telopeptide fragments of type-I collagen) and bone mineralization (osteocalcin) were positive indicators of osteochondrosis severity at 5 months of age. In foals with lesions at 11 months of age, osteochondrosis severity correlated negatively with COL2-3/4C(short) and osteocalcin and positively with C-propeptide of type-II procollagen (CPII), a collagen synthesis marker. Radiographic grading of osteochondrosis lesions significantly correlated with macroscopic osteochondrosis severity score at both ages and was strongest when combined with osteocalcin at 5 months and CPII at 11 months. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The ability of serum biomarkers to indicate osteochondrosis severity appears to depend on stage of disease and is strengthened with radiography. In older foals with more permanent lesions, osteochondrosis severity is significantly related to biomarker concentrations of decreased bone formation and increased cartilage synthesis. 相似文献