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为科学评估淄博市小反刍兽疫免疫效果,2018年6月采用横断面研究方法,对淄博市部分规模养殖场和自然村（散养户）的小反刍兽疫免疫情况进行评估。采用两阶段随机抽样方法结合部分便利抽样,共采集44个规模养殖场和81个自然村的2 350份羊血清样品,经检测发现,规模场群体合格率为95.45%（42/44）,自然村群体合格率为91.36%（74/81）,个体免疫抗体合格数为2 220份,个体合格率为94.47%,均高于国家和山东省的最低要求。评估结果表明,淄博市的小反刍兽疫总体免疫效果良好。 相似文献
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为掌握山东省淄博市小反刍兽疫免疫效果,2019年用估计流行率方法,从全市规模养殖场和散养户中抽取养殖场户,按比例分配到各区县;在养殖场户内,随机采集血清样品,采用竞争ELISA方法进行小反刍兽疫抗体检测,并进行不同类型场点和不同地区的统计对比。结果显示:共检测111个养殖场点,检出免疫合格场点106个,群体免疫合格率为95.50%;共检测3 345份血清样品,检出免疫合格样品3 026份,个体免疫合格率为90.46%。散养户个体免疫合格率(94.71%)和群体免疫合格率(96.92%)略高于规模场(86.36%、93.48%),但差异均不显著(P 0.05)。从不同地区看,经济技术开发区个体免疫合格率最低(74.26%),而其他地区均在82.00%以上;周村区群体合格率最低(87.50%),而其他地区均在90.00%以上。结果表明:淄博市小反刍兽疫整体免疫效果较好,疫情发生风险较低,但免疫效果较差养殖场户仍要加强小反刍兽疫免疫,规模场要加强引入羊群的检疫隔离,防止因病原引入而暴发疫情。 相似文献
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为了解镇远县2017-2019年羊小反刍兽疫免疫抗体情况,采集4个乡镇规模羊场及散养户羊血清样品311份,采用竞争ELISA方法进行小反刍兽疫免疫抗体检测。结果:311份羊血清样品中有255份合格,总体合格率为82%,达到农业农村部规定≥70%的标准要求,说明镇远县羊小反刍兽疫免疫效果总体情况良好。 相似文献
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采用小反刍兽疫抗体竞争ELISA试验对山东省日照市8家羊场的120份血清样品进行实验室检测,以了解日照市规模化羊场小反刍兽疫免疫效果。试验结果表明,免疫合格117份,合格率97.5%。小反刍兽疫的抗体水平检测合格率均在80%以上,能为羊群提供较好的保护。 相似文献
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为了解云南省西双版纳州的羊小反刍兽疫免疫抗体水平,分析影响场（村）免疫抗体合格的因素,2019年12月—2020年1月,采用多阶段抽样方法,随机抽取存栏量≥100只的规模养羊场10个和有散养羊的村25个,采集羊血清样品1 327份,检测小反刍兽疫免疫抗体,同时对采样场（村）进行问卷调查;并将小反刍兽疫免疫相关影响因素,用SPSS 21.0软件进行二元Logistic单因素回归分析。结果显示：西双版纳州小反刍兽疫的真实场群免疫合格率和个体免疫合格率分别为88.0%（95%CI,76.7%~99.2%）和73.8%（95%CI,71.0%~76.6%）,均超过了农业农村部要求的最低标准（70.0%）;补免、免疫人员为兽医、年免疫次数为1或2的养羊场（村）是小反刍兽疫免疫抗体合格的保护性因素（P＜0.05）。结果表明,西双版纳州小反刍兽疫免疫效果良好,而保证免疫密度、免疫次数和规范免疫操作有助于保持和提高免疫效果。建议持续加强对养殖户和基层兽医的免疫技术指导,做好每年两次的集中免疫工作,及时补免,确保羊群处于有效保护状态。该研究掌握了西双版纳州的小反刍兽疫免疫情况,找出了潜在的免疫影响因素,为进一步做好小反刍兽疫防控和消灭工作提供了参考。 相似文献
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为做好河南省小反刍兽疫防控工作,全面掌握小反刍兽疫免疫抗体水平及病毒感染状况,按照2020年河南省动物疫病专项监测方案要求,在全省开展了小反刍兽疫专项监测。在群内采用随机采样原则,对全省所有种羊场以及较大规模羊场（存栏量≥3 000只）进行调查,共监测60个养殖场,采集血清学样品1 817份,病原学样品1 718份,使用竞争ELISA、荧光RT-PCR分别检测小反刍兽疫免疫抗体水平及病毒核酸。结果显示：小反刍兽疫平均免疫抗体合格率为73.80%,其中商品场免疫抗体水平优于种羊场;不同企业生产的小反刍兽活疫苗免疫抗体合格率均高于70%的农业农村部最低标准;不同区域羊场免疫抗体水平有所差异,免疫2次及以上的羊场免疫抗体水平优于只免疫1次的;所有样品小反刍兽疫病毒核酸检测均为阴性。结果表明,河南省近期发生小反刍兽疫疫情的风险较低,防控成效较好。 相似文献
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Krizsan SJ Nyholm L Nousiainen J Südekum KH Huhtanen P 《Journal of animal science》2012,90(9):3162-3173
The objective of this study was to compare the application of different in vitro and in situ methods in empirical and mechanistic predictions of in vivo OM digestibility (OMD) and their associations to near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy spectra for a variety of forages. Apparent in vivo OMD of silages made from alfalfa (n = 2), corn (n = 9), corn stover (n = 2), grass (n = 11), whole crops of wheat and barley (n = 8) and red clover (n = 7), and fresh alfalfa (n = 1), grass hays (n = 5), and wheat straws (n = 5) had previously been determined in sheep. Concentrations of indigestible NDF (iNDF) in all forage samples were determined by a 288-h ruminal in situ incubation. Gas production of isolated forage NDF was measured by in vitro incubations for 72 h. In vitro pepsin-cellulase OM solubility (OMS) of the forages was determined by a 2-step gravimetric digestion method. Samples were also subjected to a 2-step determination of in vitro OMD based on buffered rumen fluid and pepsin. Further, rumen fluid digestible OM was determined from a single 96-h incubation at 38°C. Digestibility of OM from the in situ and the in vitro incubations was calculated according to published empirical equations, which were either forage specific or general (1 equation for all forages) within method. Indigestible NDF was also used in a mechanistic model to predict OMD. Predictions of OMD were evaluated by residual analysis using the GLM procedure in SAS. In vitro OMS in a general prediction equation of OMD did not display a significant forage-type effect on the residuals (observed - predicted OMD; P = 0.10). Predictions of OMD within forage types were consistent between iNDF and the 2-step in vitro method based on rumen fluid. Root mean square error of OMD was least (0.032) when the prediction was based on a general forage equation of OMS. However, regenerating a simple regression for iNDF by omitting alfalfa and wheat straw reduced the root mean square error of OMD to 0.025. Indigestible NDF in a general forage equation predicted OMD without any bias (P ≥ 0.16), and root mean square error of prediction was smallest among all methods when alfalfa and wheat straw samples were excluded. Our study suggests that compared with the in vitro laboratory methods, iNDF used in forage-specific equations will improve overall predictions of forage in vivo OMD. The in vitro and in situ methods performed equally well in calibrations of iNDF or OMD by near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy. 相似文献
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大庆市羊东毕吸虫病流行病学调查 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对大庆市羊东毕吸虫病的流行病学进行了调查研究。结果表明，大庆有3种东毕吸虫，即程氏东毕吸虫（O.cheni)、土耳其斯坦东毕吸虫（O.turkestanica)和土耳斯坦东毕吸虫结节变种（O.turkestanican var.thuberculata)；中间宿主螺类有1种，即卵萝卜螺；东毕吸虫病在大庆分布很广，所调查的4区2县均有发生，羊东毕吸虫平均感染率分别为50．33％，平均死亡率为21．12％，大庆羊急性病例发病时间为8月上旬至10月下旬，慢性病例为11月上旬至翌年2月中旬。 相似文献
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猪伪狂犬病是由伪狂病病毒(Pseudorabies virus PRV)引起的急性传染病。其特征是成年猪常为隐性感染，可有流产、死胎、呼吸系统症状，新生仔猪除神经症状外还可侵害消化系统，并伴大批死亡。本病已经给全世界的养猪业造成严重的损失，我国许多地区已报道该病。为进一步探讨该病的控制、净化措施，我们对12个养猪场共856分血清采用美国嗍公司的ELISA试剂盒进行了抗体检测。 相似文献
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中国圈养野生动物疫苗使用调查 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
2005年对中国动物园协会单位中的18家动物园饲养野生动物疫苗免疫情况进行调查。受调查动物园在野生动物疫苗使用和动物种类方面具有一定的代表性。调查结果显示动物园动物现共使用18类36种疫苗,预防31种疫病。其中哺乳动物使用14类24种疫苗,预防24种疫病;禽类使用4类12种疫苗,预防7种疫病。使用范围最广的有禽流感、犬瘟热疫苗等、新城疫疫苗、猫瘟热疫苗等。共有24目58科动物接种疫苗,其中食肉动物类1目8科,食草动物类3目9科,杂食动物类2目3科,禽类18目38科。研究结果提示应加强动物园之间疫病信息交流、防疫资源的利用、疫病监测和研究,加大对动物园动物疫病的研究投入,逐步建立动物园动物统一的防疫规程。 相似文献
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Information gathered from cases of fowl cholera (FC) in commercial turkey flocks through case records, flock records, and telephone and mail surveys was used to estimate disease costs. The cost to the Georgia commercial turkey industry in 1986 from preventive measures, treatment of outbreaks, and production losses from the disease was estimated at $634,545. The cost of FC per kg of live production was estimated to be $0.015. 相似文献
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W A Vestre 《Modern veterinary practice》1984,65(2):93-97
In 5 cases of glaucoma (2 from trauma, 2 from narrowed drainage angles, 1 secondary to lens extraction), cyclocryotherapy was used to control intraocular pressure. In all cases the intraocular pressure decreased, with the usual result being a cosmetic and painless but blind eye. 相似文献
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Occurrence of MRSA in pigs and in humans involved in pig production--preliminary results of a study in the northwest of Germany 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Meemken D Cuny C Witte W Eichler U Staudt R Blaha T 《DTW. Deutsche tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2008,115(4):132-139
In 2007, 678 pigs of all age groups out of 347 different farms from Lower Saxony and Northrhine-Westphalia and 86 persons occupationally exposed to pigs were investigated for their nasal colonisation with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus areus (MRSA) by the Field Station for Epidemiology of the University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover and the Robert Koch-Institute. At the individual animal level, a frequency of positive results of 13% (n = 85 positive animals) and at the herd level, a frequency of positive results of 18% (n = 62 positive herds) were found. All isolates were assigned to the Multilocus Sequence Typing Type ST398. Within MRSA-positive herds, there were more MRSA-negative than MRSA-positive animals. Among the occupationally exposed persons (veterinarians, laboratory personnel and meat inspection personnel), 20 persons (23%) showed a nasal colonisation with MRSA ST398. A quite strong association between the intensity of the contact to pigs with the frequency of nasal colonisation in the occupationally exposed persons was detected. None of the animals or the humans nasally colonised by MRSA ST398 showed any clinical symptoms of a staphylococcal infection. Conclusions are drawn on the herd and intra-herd prevalence of the nasal colonisation of pigs with MRSA ST398 in pigs, but especially on which questions need to be addressed by further research. 相似文献
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为了解西藏拉萨市家禽禽流感抗体水平,2017年8月随机选择免疫过H5禽流感疫苗的8个规模养殖场、2个散养户、3个活禽交易市场,共13个群体,采集1 041份家禽血清样品进行H5、H7、H9亚型禽流感HI抗体检测。结果显示：H5亚型禽流感免疫抗体合格率为45.73%,H7、H9亚型抗体阳性率分别为21.13%、52.64%;养殖场、散养户和活禽交易市场的不同亚型抗体水平存在较大差异,规模化养殖场的H7亚型抗体阳性率最高（29.92%）,活禽市场的H5、H9亚型阳性率最高（78.16%、79.31%）,散养户的所有亚型抗体阳性率均最低。结果表明,拉萨市H5亚型禽流感疫苗免疫效果较差,特别是散养户,疫病发生风险较高,H7、H9亚型疑似自然感染率较高,应进一步查明原因,及时采取相应的措施,防止疫情发生。 相似文献