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1.
《中国兽医杂志》2017,(3)
建立反向高效液相色谱法检测白龙散中龙胆苦苷和小檗碱含量的方法。试验采用十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),以0.5%三乙胺水溶液(用85%磷酸调p H值至3.0)-甲醇(60:40,v:v)为流动相,流速为1.0 m L/min,柱温为30℃;进样量为10μL;检测波长为270 nm;龙胆苦苷和小檗碱的含量测定范围分别为4.09~102.2μg/m L(R=0.999 7),3.93~98.26μg/m L(R=1.000 0);加样平均回收率分别为98.63%,97.78%;RSD分别为0.96%,1.23%;该方法方便、准确、可靠,适用于测定白龙散中龙胆苦苷和小檗碱的含量。 相似文献
2.
建立同时测定清瘟解毒口服液中栀子苷和黄芩苷含量的HPLC方法。采用十八烷基键合硅胶为填充剂,以0.2%磷酸溶液为流动相A,以乙腈为流动相B进行梯度洗脱,流速为1.0 mL/min,二极管阵列检测器,提取波长为238 nm,进样量为10μL。试验结果表明,栀子苷在5～250μg/mL(Y=14614X+35809,R~2=0.9999),黄芩苷在10～500μg/mL(Y=13270x+23503,R~2=1.00)均呈良好的线性关系;两者平均回收率(n=6)分别为100.14%、99.42%,RSD分别为0.87%、0.94%。该方法操作简单,准确性、重复性、精密度、耐用性良好,适用于该制剂的质量控制,为制剂标准的完善提供了科学依据。 相似文献
3.
《养殖与饲料．饲料世界》2021,(10)
本试验采用UPLC-PDA法对黄芩苷、栀子苷和龙胆苦苷进行色谱分离和快速定量测定,以ACQUITY UPLC~(TM)CSHC_(18)色谱柱(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.7μm)为分离柱,柱温35℃;以甲醇-水(0.1%磷酸)进行梯度洗脱;流速:0.35 mL/min;进样量:1μL;检测波长为254 nm;通过保留时间、光谱图和峰面积等参数对3种主要成分进行定性鉴别和定量检测,建立超高效液相色谱(UPLC-PDA)测定龙胆泻肝散中主成分黄芩苷、龙胆苦苷和栀子苷的含量。试验结果显示:每1 mL含龙胆苦苷8μg、栀子苷5μg和黄芩苷10μg的对照品溶液信噪比≥3为检出限,每1 mL含龙胆苦苷16μg、栀子苷10μg和黄芩苷20μg的对照品溶液信噪比≥10为定量限,完全满足检测需求。该方法前处理简单,目标物理论塔板数高,色谱分离度好,分析速度较快,节省时间,适用于龙胆泻肝散中3种主成分的定性鉴别和含量检测。 相似文献
4.
HPLC法测定麻黄鱼腥草散中黄芩苷、穿心莲内酯、脱水穿心莲内酯的含量 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了建立HPLC法测定麻黄鱼腥草散中黄芩苷、穿心莲内酯、脱水穿心莲内酯含量的方法,采用色谱柱Waters XBrige~(TM)C18(4.6 mm×150 mm,5μm),黄芩苷以甲醇-0.2%磷酸溶液为流动相梯度洗脱,流速为1.0 m L/min,柱温:30℃;穿心莲内酯、脱水穿心莲内酯以甲醇-水(50∶50)为流动相,流速:1.0 m L/min,柱温为30℃;黄芩苷、穿心莲内酯、脱水穿心莲内酯检测波长分别为276、225、254 nm。黄芩苷的线性范围为0.0798~0.7975μg(r=1.0000),平均回收率为94.3%(RSD=0.8%)。穿心莲内酯的线性范围为0.0109~0.2175μg(r=1.0000),平均回收率为92.9%(RSD=0.7%);脱水穿心莲内酯的线性范围为0.0105~0.2105μg(r=0.9999),平均回收率为92.4%(RSD=0.3%)。本方法快速、简便、准确,能有效测定麻黄鱼腥草散中穿心莲内酯、脱水穿心莲内酯的含量。 相似文献
5.
为了建立同时测定中兽药茵栀解毒颗粒中绿原酸、栀子苷和黄芩苷的方法，研究采用高效液相色谱法，选用C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm, 5μm),乙腈和0.05%磷酸溶液为流动相，流速1.0 mL/min,进样量10μL,柱温为30℃,检测波长为230 nm。结果表明，栀子苷在3.110～155.5μg/mL、黄芩苷在1.897～94.86μg/mL、绿原酸在2.478～123.9μg/mL浓度范围内线性关系良好，相关系数均大于0.999,平均加样回收率分别为97.1%、96.2%和95.3%。该试验操作简便、快捷、定性、定量准确，能满足中兽药茵栀解毒颗粒中3种有效成分同时检测的需要。 相似文献
6.
《中国兽医杂志》2015,(1)
为了建立测定术苦芩颗粒中黄芩苷、苦参碱含量的反相高效液相色谱法,采用Wonda Sil?C18柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)色谱柱,黄芩苷以甲醇-0.4%磷酸溶液(用三乙胺调节p H值至3.0)(52∶48,V/V)为流动相,检测波长为274 nm。苦参碱以乙腈∶甲醇∶0.2%磷酸溶液(用三乙胺调节p H值至7.0)(22∶13∶65,V/V)为流动相,流速为1.0 m L/min,检测波长220 nm;柱温30℃。术苦芩颗粒中黄芩苷和苦参碱分别在浓度为10μg/m L~150μg/m L和10μg/m L~400μg/m L范围内与峰面积均呈良好线性关系,r=0.99991和r=0.99994,平均加样回收率分别为99.32%和98.37%,其相对标准偏差(RSD)分别为0.625%和1.206%。用上述方法分别测定黄芩苷和苦参碱含量条件简单、稳定、快速,可用于检测术苦芩颗粒的质量控制标准。 相似文献
7.
《中国兽医杂志》2020,(6)
为了建立超快速液相色谱法同时测定栀子厚朴汤中京尼平苷和京尼平1-β-D龙胆双糖苷的含量,采用Shim-Pack XR-ODS柱(75 mm×3.0 mm,2.2μm),流动相为0.1%甲酸水溶液(A)-乙腈(B),梯度洗脱(0～5 min,7%B→12%B;5～11 min,12%B→13%B),平衡时间为2 min,流速为0.4 mL/min,检测波长为240 nm,柱温为30℃,进样量为5μL。结果显示:京尼平苷和京尼平1-β-D-龙胆双糖苷分别在10～500μg/mL(r=0.999 7)和1～50μg/mL(r=0.999 9)浓度范围内与峰面积呈良好的线性关系;平均回收率(n=9)分别为98.2%和97.8%。6批样品中上述2个成分的含量范围分别为5.13%～5.84%和1.75%～2.82%。表明该方法快速准确、操作简便,具有良好的稳定性和重复性,可为栀子厚朴汤的质量控制提供依据,同时为新兽药开发利用提供参考。 相似文献
8.
9.
为了测定清肺止咳散中黄芩苷的含量,采用C18柱(5μm,250 mm×4.6 mm),在室温下,以甲醇-0.3%磷酸溶液(55∶45)为流动相,以276 nm为检测波长,流速为1.0 m L/min,柱温30℃,建立了高效液相色谱测定方法。黄芩苷在3.8～379μg/m L范围内线性良好,R~2=0.9998,平均回收率为94.3%(n=6),RSD为0.92%。该方法简便、准确、可靠,可用于控制清肺止咳散中黄芩苷的含量。 相似文献
10.
11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。 相似文献
12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections
of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal
(GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April
2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs
located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming
areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology
laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum
columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying
degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal
abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy
season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different
nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those
observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes.
But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the
results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. 相似文献
13.
Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
14.
Davis MS Willard MD Nelson SL Mandsager RE McKiernan BS Mansell JK Lehenbauer TW 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(3):311-314
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large. 相似文献
15.
Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
16.
B. Cinar Kul N. Bilgen J.A. Lenstra O. Korkmaz Agaoglu B. Akyuz O. Ertugrul 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2015,132(6):449-453
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded. 相似文献
17.
Waruiru RM Thamsborg SM Nansen P Kyvsgaard NC Bogh HO Munyua WK Gathuma JM 《Tropical animal health and production》2001,33(3):173-187
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round. 相似文献
18.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host. 相似文献
19.
Troxel MT Vite CH Van Winkle TJ Newton AL Tiches D Dayrell-Hart B Kapatkin AS Shofer FS Steinberg SA 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):850-859
The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of different tumor types within a large cohort of cats with intracranial neoplasia and to attempt to correlate signalment, tumor size and location, and survival time for each tumor. Medical records of 160 cats with confirmed intracranial neoplasia evaluated between 1985 and 2001 were reviewed. Parameters evaluated included age, sex, breed, FeLV/FIV status, clinical signs, duration of signs, number of tumors, tumor location(s), imaging results, treatment, survival times, and histopathologic diagnosis. Most of the cats were older (11.3 +/- 3.8 years). Primary tumors accounted for 70.6% of cases. Metastasis and direct extension of secondary tumors accounted for only 5.6 and 3.8% of cases, respectively. Twelve cats (7.5%) had 2 or more discrete tumors of the same type, whereas 16 cats (10.0%) had 2 different types of intracranial tumors. The most common tumor types were meningioma (n = 93, 58.1%), lymphoma (n = 23, 14.4%), pituitary tumors (n = 14, 8.8%), and gliomas (n = 12, 7.5%). The most common neurological signs were altered consciousness (n = 42, 26.2%), circling (n = 36, 22.5%), and seizures (n = 36, 22.5%). Cats without specific neurological signs were common (n = 34, 21.2%). The tumor was considered an incidental finding in 30 (18.8%) cats. In addition to expected relationships (eg, meninges and meningioma, pituitary and pituitary tumors), we found that lesion location was predictive of tumor type with diffuse cerebral or brainstem involvement predictive of lymphoma and third ventricle involvement predictive of meningioma. 相似文献