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1.
以pH中性的甜玉米饮料为研究对象,通过单因素实验筛选出中性条件下稳定性作用显著、高温耐热的亲水胶体,对其进行正交试验分析,并对优化的甜玉米饮料增稠剂配方进行验证试验;同时,研究其黏度、贮藏稳定性和流变学特性,采用模糊数学法对产品质量进行感官指标综合评价。结果表明:玉米原汁含量20%的中性甜玉米饮料稳定剂的最佳配方为黄原胶∶海藻酸钠∶魔芋胶=0.03‰∶0.01‰∶0.06‰,离心沉淀率为3.50%,黏度为27.20 m Pa·s;通过此配方生产产品,可以极大地减少增稠剂用量、降低生产成本,从而提高产品的商品性、经济性;最终产品体系均一,适口性好,具有独特的甜玉米风味。 相似文献
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当前抹茶烘焙食品广受消费者青睐,对抹茶烘焙食品贮藏品质进行研究具有重要的实际应用意义。本文以抹茶蛋卷作为研究对象,采用食品保质期加速测试法,研究其贮藏过程中水分含量、过氧化值、酸价和色差的变化,并基于Arrhenius模型构建抹茶蛋卷的货架期预测模型。结果表明：抹茶蛋卷在贮藏过程中随着时间的延长水分含量、色差L值和b值较为稳定,色差a值呈上升趋势,过氧化值逐渐增加,酸价呈现先增加后减少的趋势。以色差a值作为主要品质劣变指标,进行零级反应动力学方程拟合,建立抹茶蛋卷货架期预测模型,25℃条件下预测货架期为325.39 d。 相似文献
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茶多酚浓度对绿茶饮料稳定性的影响研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
比较了不同茶多酚浓度下绿茶饮料灭菌、贮藏过程中的感官与理化品质变化。研究结果表明,不同茶多酚浓度绿茶饮料稳定性差异较大,灭菌、贮藏过程中,绿茶饮料外观颜色变深、变红,茶多酚、儿茶素含量显著下降,黄酮化合物、没食子酸含量显著上升,咖啡碱、氨基酸含量略有下降,感官风味品质明显下降,熟汤味明显;随着茶多酚浓度升高,绿茶饮料的感官理化品质变化趋势加剧,高温贮藏（37℃）变化程度明显高于低温贮藏（4℃）。当茶多酚质量浓度为400~600mg/L时,绿茶饮料稳定性相对较好。 相似文献
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以可溶性大豆多糖(SSPS)作为稳定剂,研究了大豆多糖添加工艺对酸性大豆蛋白饮料稳定性的影响.单因素试验结果表明:可溶性大豆多糖添加量、pH、调酸温度和均质压力对成品沉淀率有明显的影响.在单因素试验基础上设计L9(34)正交试验确定最佳工艺条件为:可溶性大豆多糖添加量0.25％,pH3.8,均质压力20 MPa,调酸温度10℃.按照此条件生产的大豆蛋白饮料,稳定性明显提高,沉淀率为1.41％,且饮料颜色乳白均一,酸甜适宜,清爽可口,没有豆腥味. 相似文献
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以核桃浆和豆浆为原料,不添加其他稳定剂制作饮料,研究了该饮料的稳定性及蛋白营养价值。结果表明:与核桃浆相比,核桃浆豆浆饮料的离心沉淀率和油脂上浮率至少分别下降了63.84%和59.02%,且粒径分布从10～100μm减至1～10μm,饮料中无絮状物质生成,保持稳定状态;随着饮料中豆浆比例的增加,饮料稳定性增加;当核豆比例为1∶2(总蛋白含量1.6%)时,核桃蛋白溶解率最高可达87.99%,稳定性最好,此后,豆浆比例继续增加对稳定性影响不大。饮料的蛋白营养价值通过氨基酸组成反映,结果表明豆浆可有效补充核桃浆中的赖氨酸,当豆浆比例超过50%时,饮料赖氨酸含量满足氨基酸参考模式,符合蛋白营养需求。 相似文献
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以黏度、离心沉降率和感官评定作为考察指标,研究了可溶性大豆多糖在饮用型酸奶中的应用。结果表明:可溶性大豆多糖和果胶在黏度表现、离心沉降率上有类似趋势,当大豆多糖0.3%、果胶0.2%时制备的饮用型酸奶评分最高,价格适中。 相似文献
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用酵母DV10发酵成熟椰子水并研究发酵过程中菌体浓度、底物浓度和产物浓度等变量随发酵时间的变化规律。应用Logistic方程和Leudeking-Piret方程建立了低醇度椰子水发酵过程中菌体生长、底物消耗和产物生成动力学模型,并对动力学拟合方程一阶求导,求出其发酵过程中菌种增长速率、酒精生成速率和底物消耗速率。方差分析结果表明:3个模型的拟合度分别为0.994、0.997、0.997,理论值和实验值的误差平均值分别为4.75%、4.36%和4.42%。因此,3个模型均可很好地阐明酵母DV10发酵低醇度椰子水过程的动态变化。 相似文献
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概述了海峡两岸农业交流与合作的现状,提出了应该共同呼吁尽快实现两岸“三通”,开放农业生物技术图书期刊资料交流以及开放生物学科方面网络的思路,以便为农业交流与合作的顺畅开展打好基础,并寄希望能够就糖蔗、果蔗以及甘蔗笋等方面的研究与开发到台湾学习取经,开展学术交流或与台湾同行共同开展研究,为我省甘蔗业的发展作出贡献。 相似文献
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《Journal of Cereal Science》2007,45(3):236-251
Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified. 相似文献
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Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：5
Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified. 相似文献
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Summary Between 1993 and 1998 205 different potato cultivars and 1220 accessions/genotypes of wild and cultivated potato species from
the IPK Genebank Gatersleben were evaluated. Parameters interesting for starch isolation and especially for the use of starch
were determined. Altogether, there was a higher variability in wild potato species than in cultivated potatoes for all characteristics
investigated: dry matter content, starch content, protein content, amylose content and mean particle diameter of starch granules. 相似文献
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近年来，随着大豆播种面积的增长，受病虫危害日趋严重。特别是大豆根潜蝇（又名根明）与根腐病共同发生危害，严重影响大豆的生产。综合防治技术主要手段是三年以上轮作，适时播种及种衣剂拌种等措施。 相似文献
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In field experiments conducted over 2 years in Mediterranean conditions, five winter and five spring triticales were evaluated for forage and grain production in the same cropping season. The experiments had two treatments, namely harvesting for grain only, and dual-purpose forage and grain production. In the latter treatment, forage was cut when the first node was detectable (Zadoks' stage 31), without removing the apical meristems. Grain was harvested when ripe (Zadoks' stage 92) in both cut and uncut plots.
Environmental conditions affected grain production and protein content more than forage yield and quality. Winter triticales yielded about 43% more forage than spring types, but after forage removal the spring types yielded about 36% more grain than winter triticales.
Reductions in grain yield after clipping were more pronounced in winter (32%) than in spring (19%) types. Forage crude protein content was significantly higher in the spring types studied (24.6%) than in the winter types (23.5%), the opposite being true for fibre content (20.7 and 21.6% respectively). Grain crude protein content did not differ between grain and dual-purpose treatments, but was higher in the spring triticales (12.8%) than in the winter types (11.9%). There was more variability for the measured traits within the winter triticales studied than within the spring types. 相似文献
Environmental conditions affected grain production and protein content more than forage yield and quality. Winter triticales yielded about 43% more forage than spring types, but after forage removal the spring types yielded about 36% more grain than winter triticales.
Reductions in grain yield after clipping were more pronounced in winter (32%) than in spring (19%) types. Forage crude protein content was significantly higher in the spring types studied (24.6%) than in the winter types (23.5%), the opposite being true for fibre content (20.7 and 21.6% respectively). Grain crude protein content did not differ between grain and dual-purpose treatments, but was higher in the spring triticales (12.8%) than in the winter types (11.9%). There was more variability for the measured traits within the winter triticales studied than within the spring types. 相似文献
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种子加工、检验理论与技术现状及思考 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
种子加工及检验是种子向市场流通的关键，是商业化育种中赋予种子商品属性不可或缺的环节。种子加工、检验理论与技术的研究是完善种业产业链、实现规模化商业育种、夯实“育繁推一体化”种业科学的重要一环。中国的种业科学技术体系正在形成与完善之中，受制于行业发展水平，种子加工及检验理论与技术相对薄弱。本文回顾了种子加工及检验理论与技术研究发展历程，提出了完善中国种业科学发展的策略与建议。围绕种业发展的需要，在做好品种优质化繁育的基础上，分析种子加工及检验理论与技术的新方向和新需求，加强种业应用性研究，建立先进的种子质量检验体系，研制适合现代种业发展需求的种子加工设备，打造种子加工产业标准化生产体系，完善种业科学技术学科建设，促进种业产业持续健康发展。 相似文献
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《Journal of Crop Improvement》2013,27(1):313-324
Summary Arbuscular mycorrhizae were inoculated into phosphorus-deficient soil fertilized with either organic or chemical fertilizer with cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) as the first crop and lettuce (Lactu-ca sativa L.) as the second crop but without additional fertilization and AM inoculation. AM increased dry matter and fruit yield of cucumber significantly in the unfertilized, organic-fertilized and P-deficient plants compared with the fully chemical-fertilized plants. AM inoculation increased the available phosphorus in plant and soil by around 30% for all treatments except for those chemically-fertilized. The rate of AM infection did not differ significantly among the fertilization treatments, but the infection intensity was higher in unfertilized, organic-fertilized and phosphorus-deficient treatments than chemical-fertilized treatment. The residual effects of AM-inoculated to cucumber were evident for lettuce in all pre-treatments that were unfertilized and un-inoculated for the second cropping. Without P-fertilization, neither crop could grow optimally even when the soil was inoculated with AM, suggesting that AM could not serve as a substitute for phosphorus fertilizer. However, the other beneficial effects of AM on crop growth and yield could not be fulfilled with phosphorus fertilizer. 相似文献