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1.
棉花抗黄萎病QTL初步定位 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
本研究以高抗黄萎病的海岛棉品种海7124和高感黄萎病的陆地棉品种邯郸14组配的F2群体184个株系,构建了一个分子标记遗传连锁图,包括了142个位点和30个连锁群,标记间的平均距离为8.24cM,全长1169.6cM,覆盖棉花总基因组约23.4%。用复合区间作图分析共检测到12个抗黄萎病相关QTL,其中田间抗病性检测到不同时期7个病情指数相关QTL,1个病株率相关QTL,温室苗期抗病性定位4个病株率相关QTL。从绝对量上看,各QTL加性效应从2.20到42.39,显性效应从1.65到32.25,解释表型变异1.09%～22.73%,且田间抗病性获得的QTL与温室苗期抗病性得到的QTL基本相同,其中qFDI711-30-0.01位点距MUSS294仅为0.01cM,加性效应较高解释表型变异22.32%,这对于培育优质抗病材料用于标记辅助育种具有一定的参考价值。 相似文献
2.
光合作用是棉花产量的主要物质来源。本研究以高光效陆地棉冀优861和低光效陆地棉新陆早25号为亲本组配的196个F2单株为作图群体,利用SSR（Simple Sequence Repeat）标记构建陆陆杂交遗传连锁图谱,共有30个标记位点连锁,包含4个连锁群,全长244.4cM。利用QTL IciMapping 4.1软件的完备区间作图法对冀优861×新陆早25号F2:3家系的光合相关性状进行QTL作图分析,共定位到光合相关5个性状的10个QTLs,其中1个光合速率QTL和1个胞间CO2浓度QTL分别定位在D3和D7染色体上。本研究为棉花光合相关性状QTL的精细定位及分离克隆打下基础,为聚合棉花高光效分子标记辅助育种提供理论依据。 相似文献
3.
甘蓝型油菜产量及相关性状的QTL分析 总被引：11，自引：1，他引：11
高产是甘蓝型油菜育种的重要目标之一，产量是多基因控制的数量性状。本文通过QTL作图分析了产量及其相关性状的数量性状位点，以甘蓝型油菜中油821和保604 F1代小孢子培养获得的DH系为作图群体，构建了由20个连锁群组成的，包括251个分子标记( 2个RFLP标记，72个RAPD标记，91个SSR标记，86个SRAP标记)的遗传连锁图(10个标记没有分配到连锁群中)。图谱的平均图距为6.96 cM，共覆盖油菜基因组1 746.5 cM。在此图谱基础上采取复合区间作图法，检测到与油菜产量及其相关性状有关的QTL共17个。其中控制株高的3个分别位于第4、第9和第10连锁群上，对性状的解释率为9.42%～17.58%；与分枝部位有关的4个分别位于第4、第6和第7连锁群上，其中Bp1 和Bp2 均位于第4连锁群，对性状的解释率为8.13%～15.20%；与主花序有效长有关的3个分别位于第4、第10和第16连锁群上，对性状的解释率为7.49%～23.36%；与一次有效分枝有关的2个分别位于第1、第4连锁群上，对性状的解释率为15.29%～19.58%；与角果总数和千粒重有关的分别位于第4连锁群和第9连锁群上，贡献率分别为17.42%和7.64%；与单株产量有关的3个分别位于第3、第4和第15连锁群，共解释26.60%的表型变异。部分性状的QTL在连锁群上成簇分布,对性状贡献率很大，表现主效QTLs的特点，相应的性状之间也呈显著相关，这表明一因多效或者相关的QTLs之间紧密连锁是性状相关的遗传基础。本研究中与主效QTLs连锁的标记可用于油菜产量性状的分子标记辅助选择。 相似文献
4.
崇化大梨×新世纪梨F1代分子遗传图谱的构建及两个果实性状的QTL分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用崇化大梨×新世纪梨杂交得到的94株F1代实生苗为作图群体,应用mapmaker/exp 3.0软件构建了一张包括19个SSR标记,315个SRAP标记,合计335个标记分属于18个连锁群的遗传图谱,图谱总长度为1 300 cM,平均图距为3.9 cM。采用区间作图法检测到与果实发育期、果形指数两个果实性状相连锁的QTL位点7个,其中主效的QTL位点2个(LOD≥3.5),分别位于LG2和LG17连锁群。 相似文献
5.
为了阐明新疆"矮密早"栽培技术下的高密度、矮化陆地棉形态性状QTL的遗传规律,本研究利用新疆不同陆地棉主栽品种(Gossypium hirsutum L.)构建了3个种内作图群体,进行陆地棉形态性状QTL的分子标记筛选.三个遗传图谱的连锁群长度分别为593.6 cM、830.2 cM和743.1 cM.3个遗传图谱的连锁群覆盖了除棉花Chr.22外的所有染色体.在此基础上鉴定、筛选出果枝始节、株高、叶主脉、叶次脉等15个稳定的QTLs:其中2个果枝始节QTL位于Chr.5和Chr.7上;3个株高QTL分别位于Chr.13、Chr.25和Chr.17上;筛选出叶主脉及叶次脉的QTL共10个,位于Chr.7、Chr.15、Chr.17、Chr.19、Chr.21和Chr.23连锁群17、6上,解释表型变异在6.8%～24.4%之间.对没有分配到连锁群上的标记位点的单标记分析,在LOD值大于2的水平下,共检测出9个与棉株形态性状相关的标记,其中与株高相关标记3个,另外6个标记与叶主脉及叶次脉相关.本研究定位在Chr.15、Chr.21、Chr.23和Chr.25上的棉株形态性状QTL,在染色体水平上的定位与前人报道相同,其它QTL在染色体水平上定位与前人研究不同,可能是新检测出的QTL. 相似文献
6.
大豆重组自交系群体NJRIKY遗传图谱的加密及其应用效果 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
作物基因组研究,包括基因或数量性状位点(QTL)定位、图位克隆以及物理图谱构建等,首先必须建立具有丰富标记信息的高密度遗传连锁图谱。由科丰1号和南农1138-2杂交组合衍生的重组自交系群体NJRIKY已经构建了4张大豆遗传连锁图谱,但由于遗传信息和标记数目不够充分,在基因和QTL作图时仍然存在精确度和准确度问题。为增加NJRIKY图谱密度,本研究在967对SSR引物中获得了401个多态性SSR标记。结合其他分子数据,使用作图软件Mapmaker/Exp3.0b,获得一张含有553个遗传标记,25个连锁群,总长2071.6cM,平均图距3.70cM的新遗传连锁图谱,其中SSR标记316个,RFLP标记197个,EST标记39个,形态标记1个。连锁群上大于20cM的标记间隔由原来42个减少到2个。原图谱的3个SMV抗性基因定位于D1b连锁群末端的开放区间上且仅与一个RFLP标记连锁,利用加密图谱对Rsc-3、Rsc-7、Rsc-9、Rsc-13、Rsa、Rn1和Rn3等7个SMV抗性基因重定位,全部位于D1b连锁群,与相邻分子标记距离均小于6cM,其中Rsc-9、Rn1、Rsa的距离小于1cM,Rsc-13与EST标记GMKF168a共分离。对本群体农艺性状进行QTL重定位,获得8个性状相关的42个主效QTL,其中20个QTL遗传贡献率大于10%,与原图谱比较,新定位的各QTL的标记区间明显缩短,与相邻标记的连锁更加紧密。 相似文献
7.
短季棉早熟性的分子标记及QTL定位 总被引：16，自引：9，他引：16
以两个陆地棉品种中棉所36×TM-1的207个F2单株为作图群体,筛选出73个多态性引物,25个SSR标记、35个RAPD标记和13个SRAP标记,构建了第一张以研究短季棉为主的包含43个标记,标记间的最小遗传距离为11.8 cM,最大遗传距离为48.9 cM,总长1174.0 cM的遗传连锁图谱,覆盖棉花基因组总长度的23.48%。检测到与短季棉早熟性状相关的12个QTLs,其中有8个QTLs呈簇分布在LG1连锁群上,找到对表型变异的贡献率在30%以上与全生育期、霜前花率和开花期有关的QTL各1个。 相似文献
8.
陆地棉抗黄萎病、纤维品质和产量等农艺性状的QTL定位 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
用一个高抗黄萎病的陆地棉品系5026和一个高感黄萎病的陆地棉品种李8为材料,构建一个RIL群体.用5 300对SSR引物筛选亲本多态,获得115个多态位点并进行标记间连锁分析,构建了一张包括20个连锁群全长560.1 cM的陆地棉品种间分子标记遗传图谱.RIL家系分两份:一份种于病圃,在苗期和成株期分别考查各家系的发病情况;一份种于大田,调查各家系的产量和纤维品质相关性状.用复合区间作图法对抗病、产量和纤维品质等性状进行QTL定位:在苗期检测到了3个抗病QTL,成株期检测到了1个抗病QTL,解释的变异系数范围是7.4%～11.8%;检测到2个纤维长度、2个纤维强度、1个纤维细度、1个整齐度、1个短纤维指数和2个纤维伸长率等9个与纤维品质相关性状的QTL,解释的变异范围是6.7%～15.7%;检测到了2个皮棉产量、1个籽棉产量、2个单株果枝数、1个单株铃数、2个铃重、1个籽指、1个衣分和1个衣指等11个产量构成因素的QTL,解释的变异方差范围是4.1%～10.6%,这些结果为棉花抗病育种同时兼顾产量和品质育种提供了非常有用的信息. 相似文献
9.
花生AFLP遗传图谱构建及青枯病抗性QTL分析 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
青枯病抗性分子标记能为花生抗青枯病育种提供辅助选择技术,以抗青枯病品种远杂9102与感病品种Chico杂交构建的重组自交系群体(RIL)为材料,用66对具多态性的引物(EcoR I/MseI引物组合35对,MluI/MseI引物组合14对,PstI/MseI引物组合17对)对其进行扩增,共检测到324个多态性位点。应用JoinMap(3.0软件对这些多态性位点进行遗传连锁分析,构建了一张栽培种花生的AFLP遗传连锁图。该图谱包含98个AFLP标记,涉及20个连锁群,覆盖总距离285 cM,标记间平均图距为2.90 cM。结合RIL群体的青枯病抗性鉴定结果,利用分析软件QTLNetwork(2.0共检测到与青枯病抗性相关的3个QTL(qBWr1、qBWr2和qBWr3)。其中,qBWr1和qBWr2均位于第4连锁群,qBWr3位于第14连锁群。这3个QTL形成2对具有加性×加性上位性互作效应的QTL区段(qBWr1/qBWr3和qBWr2/qBWr3),贡献率分别为12.81%和16.56%,共解释青枯病抗性总变异的21.62%。 相似文献
10.
《分子植物育种》2020,(13)
本研究应用金针菇(Flammulina filiformis)的两个菌株,黄色金针菇Y1701和白色金针菇W3082为作图亲本,采用分子标记以构建高密度的金针菇分子遗传连锁图谱。通过F1代产生的71个单孢为遗传连锁图谱作图群体,应用SRAP、ISSR和TRAP标记引物,利用PCR对得到的作图群体进行多态性分析,构建了一张拥有11个连锁群以及125个标记位点,总长度860.3 cM的遗传连锁图谱。连锁群平均长度为78.21 cM,最长的连锁群为132.9 c M,最短的连锁群为16.3 c M。多态性标记间最大遗传距离为38.4 cM,最小距离为0.5 cM,连锁图中出现了6个大于20 cM的间隙,标记密度6.88 cM,是迄今以来金针菇遗传连锁图谱相关研究中密度最高的。本研究所获得的高密度遗传连锁图谱有助于金针菇QTL定位,分子辅助育种和基因定位的研究。 相似文献
11.
Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans. 相似文献
12.
G. H. Kroon 《Euphytica》1994,76(1-2):125-125
Summary
K x vadensis is a hybrid of K. blossfeldiana and K. marmorata obtained after doubling the number of chromosomes. 相似文献
13.
Hongyan WEI Jian ZHOU Jinguang LU Jingzheng SONG Qiongxi YU Zhihong JIANG 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):27-29
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol... 相似文献
14.
Summary Avoidance of rust fungi that was based on poor appressorium induction was previously found in Hordeum chilense. In the present study 95 accessions of Triticeae were screened for avoidance of Puccinia hordei. The percentage of appressorium formation per germinated spore ranged from 6 to 90%. On none of the 41 accessions of Aegilops, Agropyron, Elymus, Secale, Thinopyrum or Triticum studied was the rate of appressorium formation lower than 25%. Lower rates of appressorium formation were, however, found on accessions of wild barley species Hordeum brachyantherum, H. marinum, H. parodii and H. secalinum. Its implications in cereal breeding are discussed. 相似文献
15.
D. A. Bond G. J. Jellis G. G. Rowland J. Le Guen L. D. Robertson S. A. Khalil L. Li-Juan 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):151-166
Progress is being made, mainly by ICARDA but also elsewhere, in breeding for resistance to Botrytis, AScochyta, Uromyces, and Orobanche; and some lines have resistance to more than one pathogen. The strategy is to extend multiple resistance but also to seek new and durable forms of resistance. Internationally coordinated programs are needed to maintain the momentum of this work.Tolerance of abiotic stresses leads to types suited to dry or cold environments rather than broad adaptability, but in this cross-pollinated species, the more hybrid vigor expressed by a cultivar, the more it is likely to tolerate various stresses. 相似文献
16.
Chunli TANG Fengxian ZHAO Hongxia CHEN Jiabao MA Jiangcun WEI Meiyan QIU Zhen XIE 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):60-65
[Objectives]To optimize the water extraction process of Chinese Herbal Compound Man Gan Ning and establish a method for its extraction and content determination... 相似文献
17.
Summary Apple and pear pollen was irradiated with doses of 0, 50, 100, 250 and 500 krad (gamma rays) and stored at 4°C and 0–10% r.h. From the in-vitro germination percentages an average LD 50 dose of about 220 krad was estimated. For both irradiated and untreated pollen a close and corresponding lineair relationship existed between germination percentage and pollen tube growth.Irradiated pollen was much more sensitive to dry storage conditions than untreated pollen, resulting in less germination and more bursting. Apparently, irradiation caused the pollen cell membrane to lose its flexibility faster than normal. Rehydration of dry-stored, irradiated pollen in water-saturated air restored germination percentages up to their initial levels. The importance of this procedure in germination trials is stressed. 相似文献
18.
E. Keep 《Euphytica》1986,35(3):843-855
Summary Cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) is described in the F1 hybrids Ribes × carrierei (R. glutinosum albidum × R. nigrum) and R. sanguineum × R. nigrum. In backcrosses to R. nigrum, progenies with R. glutinosum cytoplasm were either all male sterile, or segregated for full male fertility (F) and complete (S) and partial (I) male sterility. Ratios of F:I+S suggested that two linked genes controlled cms, F plants being dominant for one (Rf
1) and recessive for the other (Rf
2).Segregation for cms in relation to three linded genes, Ce (resistance to the gall mite, Cecidophyopsis ribes), Sph
3(resistance to American gooseberry mildew, Sphaerotheca mors-uvae) and Lf
1(one of two dominant additive genes controlling early season leafing out) indicated that Rf
1and Rf
2were in this linkage group. The gene order and approximate crossover values appeared to be: % MathType!MTEF!2!1!+-% feaafiart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn% hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXafv3ySLgzGmvETj2BSbqef0uAJj3BZ9Mz0bYu% H52CGmvzYLMzaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqr1ngBPrgifHhDYfgasa% acOqpw0xe9v8qqaqFD0xXdHaVhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbba9q8Wq% Ffea0-yr0RYxir-Jbba9q8aq0-yq-He9q8qqQ8frFve9Fve9Ff0dme% aabaqaciGacaGaamqadaabaeaafaaakeaacaWGdbGaamyzamaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGWaGaaiOlaiaacgdacaGG0aGaaiiiaiaacc% caaaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaamOuaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaaccdacaGGUaGaaiOmaiaacs% dacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaaaacaWGsbGaamOzaSGa% aGOmaOWaaWaaaeaacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccaaaGaamitaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaaaaiaadofacaWGWbGaamiAaSGa% aG4maaaa!6E4D!\[Ce\underline { 0.14 } Rf1\underline { 0.24 } Rf2\underline { } Lf1\underline { } Sph3\]. Crossover values of 0.36 for Ce-Lf
1, and 0.15 for Lf
1-Sph
3were estimated from the relative mean differences in season of leafing out between seedlings dominant and recessive for Ce and Sph
3.It is suggested that competitive disadvantage of lf
1-carrying gametes and/or zygotes at low temperatures may be implicated in the almost invariable deficit of plants dominant for the closely linked mildew resistance allele Sph
3. Poor performance of lf
1- (and possibly lf
2-) carrying gametes and young zygotes during periods of low temperature at flowering might also account for the liability of some late season cultivars and selections to premature fruit drop (running off). 相似文献
19.
[Objectives] To determine the optimum extraction technology for total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms.[Methods]The single factor test and ortho... 相似文献
20.
Parasitic angiosperms cause great losses in many important crops under different climatic conditions and soil types. The most widespread and important parasitic angiosperms belong to the genera Orobanche, Striga, and Cuscuta. The most important economical hosts belong to the Poaceae, Asteraceae, Solanaceae, Cucurbitaceae, and Fabaceae. Although some resistant cultivars have been identified in several crops, great gaps exist in our knowledge of the parasites and the genetic basis of the resistance, as well as the availability of in vitro screening techniques. Screening techniques are based on reactions of the host root or foliage. In vitro or greenhouse screening methods based on the reaction of root and/or foliar tissues are usually superior to field screenings and can be used with many species. To utilize them in plant breeding, it is necessary to demonstrate a strong correlation between in vitro and field data. The correlation should be calculated for every environment in which selection is practiced. Using biochemical analysis as a screening technique has had limited success. The reason seems to be the complex host-parasite interactions which lead to germination, rhizotropism, infection, and growth of the parasite. Germination results from chemicals produced by the host. Resistance is only available in a small group of crops. Resistance has been found in cultivated, primitive and wild forms, depending on the specific host-parasite system. An additional problem is the existence of pathotypes in the parasites. Inheritance of host resistance is usually polygenic and its transfer is slow and tedious. Molecular techniques have yet to be used to locate resistance to parasitic angiosperms. While intensifying the search for genes that control resistance to specific parasitic angiosperms, the best strategy to screen for resistance is to improve the already existing in vitro or greenhouse screening techniques. 相似文献