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免疫调节剂对球虫感染鸡的免疫学指标的影响 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
为探讨免疫调节剂对鸡球虫病的免疫反应调节作用 ,设计并进行了免疫调节剂对球虫感染鸡的免疫学指标影响的研究。测定指标包括 :淋巴细胞玫瑰花环细胞形成率 ,淋巴细胞转化率 ,红细胞免疫复合物花环形成率 ,红细胞 C3b受体花环形成率 ,脾脏重 /体重相对重 ;血清中 Ig G,Ig M,Ig A的 EL ISA P/ N值。结果各项免疫学指标的差异显著。表明胸腺素、黄芪多糖和卡介苗等免疫调节剂可提高球虫感染鸡的淋巴细胞玫瑰花形成率、淋巴细胞转化率。 相似文献
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重组鸡白细胞介素-2对球虫感染雏鸡细胞免疫的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本实验旨在研究重组鸡白细胞介素－２对球虫感染雏鸡细胞免疫的影响。实验采用１４日龄伊莎蛋鸡２１０只，分为７组，其中一组为不感染对照组，三组为柔嫩艾美耳球虫感染组，卵囊感染剂量分别为１万／只、２万／只、５万／只，另外三组在感染卵囊１万／只、２万／只、５万／只的同时，肌注真核细胞表达的重组鸡白细胞介素－２ ０．４ｍｌ／只。感染后第０、４、６、９、１４、１８、２３、２８天剖杀取牌和盲肠扁桃体，分离淋巴细胞，分别用ＣｏｎＡ和ＰＨＡ刺激，采用ＮＩＴ比色法进行淋巴细胞转化试验，结果表明：在球虫感染后第４天（裂殖生殖阶段）和第６天（卵囊形成阶段），感染组脾和盲肠扁桃体淋巴细胞转化率均低于对照组，加重组鸡白细胞介素－２组脾和盲肠扁桃体淋巴细胞转化率高于感染组，相当或高于对照组水平。在感染后第９天和第１４天（恢复期）加重组鸡白细胞介素－２组脾淋巴细胞转化率高于对照组，加重组鸡白细胞介素－２组盲肠扁桃体淋巴细胞转化率相当于对照组。本实验结果说明：１．球虫感染可以抑制细胞免疫；２．加重组鸡白细胞介素－２可以克服球虫感染引起的免疫抑制。 相似文献
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免疫增强剂促进鸡球细胞免疫的研究 总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16
艾维茵雏鸡分别于７日龄和１４日龄时以１０００、５０００个Ｅ．Ｔｅｎｅｌｌａ卵囊／只免疫２次,并于首免时注射卡介苗（ＢＣＧ）或黄芪多糖（ＡＰＳ）１次,２１日龄以５万和２５万卵囊攻击。试验鸡采血时间为７、１４、２１和２８日龄。细胞免疫测定指标为淋巴细胞转化水平、Ｅ－玫瑰花环形成率、血清溶菌酶含量。结果表明：ＢＣＧ和ＡＰＳ能显著提高球虫免疫鸡的淋巴细胞转化水平和Ｅ－玫瑰花环形成率：是鸡体单核－巨噬细胞系统的有效激活剂。 相似文献
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鸡用天然缓释免疫增强剂的研究——天然免疫增效药物的筛选 总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15
选用黄芪等１０种天然药物,将２６４只８日龄蛋用雏鸡分为１１组,每组２４只,１０个试验组,每组饲料添加１种天然植物,在鸡３,５,７和１０周龄检测Ｔ淋巴细胞Ｅ花环（ＥＲＦＣ）形成率,Ｂ淋巴细胞花环（ＥＡＣ）形成率,外周血淋巴细胞转化率,酸性α－醋酸萘酯酶（ＡＮＡＥ）阳性率,结果证明所选用的药物程度不同地增强了鸡的免疫功能。从中筛选出黄芪等７种免疫增效作用较强的药物。 相似文献
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鸡包涵体肝炎病毒（IBHV）对雏鸡淋巴细胞和红细胞免疫功能的影响 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
为探讨鸡包涵体肝炎病毒（ Ｉ Ｂ Ｈ Ｖ）引起免疫抑制的机理，给 １ 周龄雏鸡经口感染鸡Ⅷ型腺病毒，观察了感染后不同时间血液淋巴细胞转化率、 Ｒ Ｂ Ｃ Ｃ３ｂ 受体花环率和 Ｒ Ｂ Ｃ Ｉ Ｃ 花环率的动态变化。结果表明，淋巴细胞转化率和 Ｒ Ｂ Ｃ Ｃ３ ｂ 受体花环率于感染后 ３ ｄ 开始下降，至 ９ ｄ 降至最低，显著低于对照组（ Ｐ ＜ ００１）； Ｒ Ｂ Ｃ Ｉ Ｃ 花环率于感染后 ５ ｄ 开始升高，至 １１ ｄ 达最高，显著高于对照组（ Ｐ ＜ ００１）。证实 Ｉ Ｂ Ｈ Ｖ 能够引起淋巴细胞和红细胞免疫功能降低。 相似文献
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为探讨附红细胞体感染是否对仔猪的免疫水平产生影响,本试验从本地区某猪场选择4头附红细胞体自然感染发病仔猪和4头无附红细胞体感染的健康仔猪,进行了若干免疫学指标如红细胞C3b受体花环率、IC花环率;淋巴细胞转化率、T淋巴细胞Ea花环率;B淋巴细胞EAC花环率;外周血嗜中性白细胞吞噬率及吞噬指数的测定,并进行比较。试验结果表明,与健康仔猪相比,附红细胞体自然感染发病仔猪的红细胞C3b受体花环率和IC花环率明显降低;淋巴细胞转化率、T淋巴细胞Ea花环率明显降低;B淋巴细胞EAC花环率明显降低;外周血嗜中性白细胞吞噬率及吞噬指数明显降低,统计学分析表明,差异均极显著(P<0.01)。说明,附红细胞体感染对仔猪的红细胞免疫功能、细胞免疫水平、体液免疫水平及嗜中性白细胞功能均有明显的抑制作用。 相似文献
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对ＬａＳｏｔａ免疫雏鸡人工感染新城疫强毒前后Ｔ淋巴细胞免疫活性和血清ＩｇＧ抗体含量的动态变化进行了检测。实验表明，ＬａＳｏｔａ免疫鸡在强毒攻击前脾淋巴细胞对ＣｏｎＡ和ＰＨＡ均无反应性，但血清ＩｇＧ抗体的含量则逐渐升高。在受到强毒攻击后，脾淋巴细胞对ＣｏｎＡ和ＰＨＡ具有非常明显的反应性，而血清ＩｇＧ抗体起初下降，随后逐渐升高，这些结果揭示在新城疫的免疫和感染中，细胞免疫和体液免疫具有协同作用。 相似文献
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猪某些免疫指标及其与部分性状关系的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
实验测定了哈白、杜洛克猪３月龄和５月龄的总数Ｅ－玫瑰花环形成细胞百分率、活性Ｅ－玫瑰花环形成细胞百分率、淋巴细胞转化率、血清ＩｇＧ含量及５月龄接种布氏杆菌猪型二号苗后７、２１、３５ｄ的特异性抗体滴度，对这些免疫指标及其与部分生产性状的关系进行了分析，旨在为猪的抗病育种提供依据。实验结果表明：（１）３月龄和５月龄几个免疫指标均存在品种差异，哈白猪显著地高于杜洛克猪；（２）３月龄与５月龄间所测细胞免疫 相似文献
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免疫调节剂与抗球虫药联合应用的抗球虫效果 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
为探讨免疫调节剂对鸡球虫病的免疫反应调节作用,设计并进行了免疫调节剂与抗球虫药合用的效果的研究。试验结果以抗球虫指数的测定来判定抗球虫药与免疫调节剂合用的效果。结果表明,免疫调节剂与抗球虫药合用状态下,抗球虫指数检测显示免疫调节剂卡介苗和黄芪多糖可明显提高抗球虫指数、改善球虫感染鸡的临床症、提高增重速度等,为控制球虫病提供了新的途径。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献