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选用一日龄健康樱桃谷肉鸭新生雏90只，随机分为3组，每组设3个重复，每个重复10只肉鸭，试验采用单因素完全随机试验设计。A组饲喂基础日粮，B、C组在基础日粮的基础上分别添加0．2％、0.4％的双乙酸钠。结果表明：日粮中添加双乙酸钠对提高肉鸭日增重、胸肌率、腿肌率有显著影响（P〈0．05）；对肉鸭的饲料转化率有极显著影响（P〈0．01）；对肉鸭的成活率、屠宰率和皮脂率无显著影响（P〉0．05）。B组日增重比A组提高了8．65％（P〈0．05），比C组提高了5_45％（P〉0．05）；B组料重比较A组降低了11．52％（P〈0．01），较C组降低了3．29％（P〉0．05）：B组的成活率与A组、C组间差异均不显著（P〉0．05）；B组每只肉鸭分别比A、C组多盈利1．04、1．06元。 相似文献
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通过A、B、C、D4种方法对仔猪黄、白痢进行预防，结果表明：B、C、D3组比A组发病率分别减少51．73、61．33和64．81个百分点，死亡率分别降低8．91、14．13和18．26个百分点，差异极显著（P〈0．01）；B组仔猪平均断奶重高于A组10．69％，差异显著（P〈0．05）；C、D两组仔猪平均断奶重分别高于A组20．68％、21．24％，差异极显著（P〈0．01）；C、D两组的发病率均极显著地低于B组（P〈0．01），C组死亡率比B组减少5．22个百分点，差异显著（P〈0．05），D组死亡率比B组减少9．35个百分点，差异极显著（P〈0．01）；C、D两组仔猪平均断奶重高于B组9．02％、9．53％，差异均显著（P〈0．05）；D组的发病率、死亡率均显著低于C组（P〈0．05），D组仔猪平均断奶重高于C组0．47％，但差异不显著（P〉0．05）；另外预防和治疗费用B、C、D3组分别比A组低1．04、0．71、0．64元／头，其中以B组费用最低，仅为0．09元／头。 相似文献
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试验选用4只装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的小尾寒羊,采用4×4拉丁方设计,分为对照组(CT)和3个试验组(A、B和C)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组分别在基础日粮中添加日粮干物质1%、2%、3%的脂肪酸钙(Ca-LCFA),研究不同添加水平脂肪酸钙对绵羊瘤胃发酵及羧甲基纤维素酶活性的影响。结果表明:各试验组间瘤胃液pH差异不显著(P0.05),瘤胃液NH3-N浓度差异显著(P0.05)或极显著(P0.01),但都在正常范围内;总挥发性脂肪酸(TVFA)浓度C组和A组显著高于CT组和B组(P0.05),C和A两组间差异不显著(P0.05),在乙酸丙酸比上各组间差异不显著(P0.05);C组羧甲基纤维素酶活性最强(P0.01)。这表明在本试验条件下,C组即添加日粮干物质3%的脂肪酸钙最有利于绵羊瘤胃发酵。 相似文献
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根据山羊A-FABP mRNA序列设计2对引物扩增南江黄羊A-FABP基因部分外显子3、内含子3和外显子4序列,利用克隆测序的方法寻找南江黄羊A-FABP基因的多态性,采用PCR-RFLP的方法进行多态性检测并与生长性状进行关联性分析。结果显示,在南江黄羊A-FABP基因第3内含子和第4外显子序列上分别发现T143C和T546C2个点突变位点,其中T546C位点为同义突变,这2处突变各自产生3种基因型CC、TC和CC,χ2检验显示,这2个位点均处于中度多态且在南江黄羊群体中分布处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡（P〉0.05）。关联分析显示,T143C位点TC基因型公羊个体的成年胸围显著长于TT型（P〈0.05）;T546C位点CC基因型公羊个体的周岁体长显著长于TT基因型（P〈0.05）,TC基因型母羊个体的6月龄体质量和胸围均显著长于CC基因型（P〈0.05）,其余生长性状在不同基因型个体间差异不显著（P〉0.05）。结果表明：南江黄羊A-FABP基因第3内含子和第4外显子多态性可能对个体生长性状产生一定的影响。 相似文献
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本试验是选用54只2月龄健康的獭兔作为试验动物，随机分成A、B、C三组，每组18只，做了中草药添加剂对獭兔的增重效果的对比试验。试验中以A、B组为试验组，分别添加1％、2％的中草药添加剂，通过与对照组C组对比，可以看出A、B兔增重率（分别为36．4％、40．2％）高于C组（27．2％），且差异显著（P＜0．5）。 相似文献
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《饲料研究》2019,(5)
试验旨在探究不同蛋白水平添加复合酶对岭南黄鸡生长性能、屠宰性能等指标的影响。选用1日龄岭南黄鸡1 200只,随机分成基础日粮A组、B组(基础日粮添加复合酶)、低蛋白日粮C组和D组(低蛋白日粮添加复合酶),饲喂63 d后,对试验鸡的平均日增重(ADG)、平均日采食量(ADFI)、整齐度和屠宰性能等指标进行测定。结果显示,B组、D组的ADG和ADFI指标分别显著高于A组(基础日粮组)和C组(P0.05);ADFI分别提高了10.08%和7.11%,D组和B组间ADG和ADFI指标差异均不显著(P0.05)。在4个试验组中,基础日粮A组岭南黄鸡饲料转化效率显著高于B、C和D组(P0.05)。低蛋白日粮C、D组的整齐度(10%)显著高于A、B组(P0.05);低蛋白添加复合酶制剂D组在4个组别中整齐度(15%)最高(P0.05)。与A组(基础日粮组)和B组相比,低蛋白日粮C组和D组岭南黄鸡腹脂率显著升高(P0.05);添加复合酶制剂显著提高了肉鸡的胸肌率(P0.05);屠体率、半净膛率和全净膛率和腿肌率指标组别间差异不显著(P0.05)。试验表明,低蛋白日粮添加酶制剂可显著提升岭南黄鸡的ADG、ADFI和胸肌率,可提高肉鸡群体整齐度,未产生其他不良影响。 相似文献
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研究产γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)的副干酪乳杆菌干粉物对夏季蛋鸡产蛋性能的影响。试验选用1 080只26周龄健康海兰褐壳蛋鸡,采用单因子完全随机试验设计,将试验分为4个处理组,每组3个重复,每重复90只鸡。A组为对照组,B、C和D组为试验组,A组饲喂全价配合日粮,B、C和D组在全价配合日粮中分别添加10、20和40 kg/t含GABA的副干酪乳杆菌干粉物,试验期4周。在试验3~4周和1~4周全期,与A组相比,C组产蛋率分别提高4.31%和2.87%,差异均显著(P0.05);D组产蛋率分别提高5.94%和3.70%,差异均显著(P0.05);C组料蛋比分别降低4.41%和3.46%,差异均显著(P0.05)。在试验3~4周,与A组相比,B、C和D组蛋质量分别提高2.13%、2.56%和3.23%,差异均显著(P0.05);1~4周B、C和D组蛋质量分别提高1.10%、1.61%和2.10%,差异均显著(P0.05)。综上所述,在夏季蛋鸡日粮中添加含GABA的副干酪乳杆菌干粉物,能显著提高蛋鸡的产蛋性能(P0.05),且最适添加量为20 kg/t。 相似文献
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不同精料水平日粮对南江黄羊断奶羔羊增重的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
选 3～ 4月龄的南江黄羊断奶羔羊 2 4只 ,随机分为A、B、C三组 ,每组四只公羊 ,四只母羊 ,进行舍饲育肥 60d ,A、B、C三组饲喂不同精料水平的日粮 ,精粗比分别为 4∶6、5∶5和 6∶4。结果表明 :试验期A组、B组、C组只均增重分别为4 81kg、5 85kg、7 96kg ,A组和B、C组间增重差异极显著 (P <0 0 1)。三组羊血样中血清总脂和血糖值差异不显著 (P >0 0 5 )。 相似文献
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试验旨在研究黄芪发酵前后对肉鸡生长性能、抗氧化功能的影响。将210只1日龄AA肉鸡随机分为7组,每组3个重复,每个重复10只。A组为对照组,饲喂基础日粮;B、C、D、E、F、G组分别在基础日粮中添加0.2%黄芪、0.5%黄芪、0.8%黄芪、0.2%发酵黄芪、0.5%发酵黄芪、0.8%发酵黄芪,添加量以质量百分比计。试验期为42 d。分别于第21、42天测定肉鸡生长指标、抗氧化指标。结果表明,在第21天,发酵黄芪组平均日采食量均显著高于黄芪组（P < 0.05）,黄芪组料重比显著低于对照组和发酵黄芪组（P < 0.05）;E组血清过氧化氢酶（CAT）含量显著高于A、B组（P < 0.05）,血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）活性显著高于与A组（P < 0.05）。在第42天,发酵黄芪组平均日增重均较高,料重比显著低于A、B组（P < 0.05）;试验组GSH-Px活性均显著高于A组（P < 0.05）,发酵黄芪组与黄芪组相比差异不显著（P > 0.05）,发酵黄芪组血清中超氧化物歧化酶（T-SOD）活性均高于黄芪组,且与B和C组差异显著（P < 0.05）。综上所述,在肉鸡日粮中添加一定量发酵黄芪能显著提高平均日增重,降低料肉比,且可通过提高血清中GSH-Px和T-SOD活性来提高其抗氧化能力;发酵黄芪的作用效果优于黄芪,最适宜添加量为0.5%。 相似文献
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试验旨在研究不同比例复合植物提取物对湖羊羔羊腹泻频率、血清指标的影响。试验选取15日龄的湖羊羔羊135只，随机分为5个组。对照组（CON）、A、B、C、D组分别在开食料的基础上添加0、0.5、1.0、1.5、2.0 g/kg复合植物提取物，饲养试验共84 d。结果表明：在断奶前后各添加剂组羔羊的腹泻频率均低于对照组，但差异不显著（P>0.05）。试验结束时各组羔羊的体重无显著差异（P>0.05）。C组的免疫球蛋白G、A、M含量均显著高于对照组和其他试验组（P<0.05）。C组的白细胞介素4、10、转化生长因子β均显著高于对照组和其他试验组（P<0.05），白细胞介素6、17A、8、22和肿瘤坏死因子α均显著低于对照组和其他试验组（P<0.05）。C组的超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、总抗氧化能力均显著高于对照组和其他试验组（P<0.05），丙二醛含量显著低于对照组和其他试验组（P<0.05）。综上，在饲粮中添加适宜量的复合植物添加剂可以降低羔羊的腹泻频率，添加1.5 g/kg的复合植物提取物可以增加羔羊的免疫能力和抗氧化能力，提高羔羊的抗病... 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献
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Billinghurst RC Brama PA van Weeren PR Knowlton MS McIlwraith CW 《American journal of veterinary research》2004,65(2):143-150
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether serum concentrations of biomarkers of skeletal metabolism can, in conjunction with radiographic evaluation, indicate severity of osteochondrosis in developing horses. ANIMALS: 43 Dutch Warmblood foals with varying severity of osteochondrosis. PROCEDURE: 24 foals were monitored for 5 months and 19 foals were monitored for 11 months. Monthly radiographs of femoropatellar-femorotibial and tibio-tarsal joints were graded for osteochondral abnormalities. Serial blood samples were assayed for 8 cartilage and bone biomarkers. At the end of the monitoring period, foals were examined for macroscopic osteochondrosis lesions. RESULTS: Temporal relationships were evident between certain serum biomarkers and osteochondrosis severity in foals during their first year. Biomarkers of collagen degradation (collagenase-generated neoepitopes of type-II collagen fragments, type-I and -II collagen fragments [COL2-3/4C(short)], and cross-linked telopeptide fragments of type-I collagen) and bone mineralization (osteocalcin) were positive indicators of osteochondrosis severity at 5 months of age. In foals with lesions at 11 months of age, osteochondrosis severity correlated negatively with COL2-3/4C(short) and osteocalcin and positively with C-propeptide of type-II procollagen (CPII), a collagen synthesis marker. Radiographic grading of osteochondrosis lesions significantly correlated with macroscopic osteochondrosis severity score at both ages and was strongest when combined with osteocalcin at 5 months and CPII at 11 months. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The ability of serum biomarkers to indicate osteochondrosis severity appears to depend on stage of disease and is strengthened with radiography. In older foals with more permanent lesions, osteochondrosis severity is significantly related to biomarker concentrations of decreased bone formation and increased cartilage synthesis. 相似文献