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皖西白鹅微卫星DNA遗传多样性分析 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：5
从9对微卫星引物中筛选出6对引物对49只皖西白鹅的DNA多态性进行检测，分析等位基因组成，计算各座位的基因杂合度和多态性信息含量。结果表明，6对微卫星引物共扩增出16个等位基因，基因频率分布在0．0392-0．9608之间。6个微卫星位点的平均杂合度为0．3809，平均多态性信息含量为0．3285。 相似文献
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利用黑尾鹿、白尾鹿等近缘物种的18对微卫星引物,对2个东北马鹿肌肉DNA样品和176个粪便DNA样品进行扩增,通过毛细管电泳法筛选适合东北马鹿的微卫星位点。结果表明,其中3个位点为高度多态性位点（PIC〉0.5）,1个为中度多态性位点（0.5〉PIC〉0.25）。共检测到26个等位基因片段,平均每个位点6.5个等位基因。多态信息含量0.393～0.827,个体识别率0.643～0.958,累积个体识别率为0.9999,累积非父排除率为0.9976。这4个多态性微卫星位点为东北马鹿的遗传研究提供了理论依据。 相似文献
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用筛选优化出的24个具有丰富多态性的微卫星位点对华北制药厂的34只虎皮猫基因组DNA进行PCR扩增,对扩增产物进行琼脂糖凝胶电泳和STR扫描,运用popgene3.2软件对试验用虎皮猫群体进行群体遗传结构分析.结果显示,虎皮猫群体平均观测等位基因数为4.083 3,平均有效等位基因数为2.632 3,平均有效杂合度为0.610 8,平均香隆指数为1.078 6.结果表明,微卫星DNA标记技术适于猫群体遗传结构分析;该试验用虎皮猫群体符合封闭群的遗传特性. 相似文献
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8个微卫星座位在海北金银滩藏羊群体中的多态性分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究旨在分析金银滩藏羊的微卫星DNA多态性,以期了解该品种的遗传多样性,为该品种的保种选育和品质的进一步提高提供有益资料。利用8对微卫星引物,以金银滩藏羊为研究对象,通过计算基因频率、多态性信息含量、有效等位基因数和杂合度,评估其品种内的遗传变异。结果表明：在8个微卫星座位中,共检测到83个等位基因,每个座位平均10.38个等位基因;平均杂合度0.893;平均有效等位基因数9.06;平均多态性信息含量0.871。结果提示,金银滩藏羊群体存在丰富的遗传多样性,所选微卫星标记可用于绵羊遗传多样性评估。 相似文献
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野生天山马鹿哈密种群微卫星遗传多样性 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了解野生天山马鹿哈密种群的微卫星多态性,本文选用5对微卫星标记引物,利用粪便DNA分析法、PCR和复合电泳银染技术,通过计算基因频率（JP）、有效等位基因数（M）、群体杂合度（1te）、多态信息含量（PIC）和遗传距离,对冬季采集的201份天山马鹿粪便进行了研究,评价了其遗传多样性和系统进化分析。结果表明：成功提取I）NA的194份粪便分属140个体;种群平均等位基因4．200±0．837;平均有效等位基因数3．2167±0．0236;平均多态信息含量0．6332±0．0017;平均期望杂合度0．694±0．035;平均观察杂合度0．792±O．063。整个种群没显著偏离Hardy—Weinberg平衡,种群剧定系数Fis为一0．238。从此可见,野生天山马鹿哈密种群具有比较丰富的遗传多样性. 相似文献
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为提高普氏原羚粪便DNA提取效果,在总结传统提取粪便DNA方法的基础上,设计了新的提取方法.该方法以NaCl替代TE溶解粪便样品.增加溶茵酶用量以减少蛋白酶K用量.经琼脂糖凝肢电泳和PCR扩增12SrRNA片段对改进方法与传统提取粪便DNA方法进行比较,发现用改进方法提取的DNA质和量均比传统方法好,且可满足一般分子生物学实验的需要.扩增的普氏原羚12SrRNA片段已经测序.并递交GenBank,登录号为EU247756.新方法不仅克服了传统提取法中DNA降解严重的问题.而且有效地解除了粪便DNA对Taq酶的抑制作用.为普氏原羚遗传多样性保护提供技术支持. 相似文献
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2009年7月、8月,2010年3月中旬、5月下旬,对内蒙古达赉湖地区蒙原羚进行野外考察并在生境适宜度分析的基础上,利用FRAGSTATS 3.3软件对达赉湖地区蒙原羚生境进行景观格局分析。通过比较1998年和2010年达赉湖地区蒙原羚生境适宜度评价结果,表明内蒙古达赉湖地区蒙原羚一般适宜生境、中度适宜生境和适宜生境的斑块不断被分割成更小的斑块,破碎化程度加大。蒙原羚不适宜生境斑块面积在增加,而一般适宜斑块、中度适宜生境和适宜斑块面积在减小,并且适宜生境面积变化程度最大。因此应加强对适宜生境斑块的有效管理,严格控制和降低来自斑块外部的干扰,同时加强对中度适宜生境和一般适宜生境生态功能的恢复,严格控制草场载畜量。另外,应对不适宜生境的草地资源进行科学化、规范化的管理,并深入开展科学研究,以保护蒙原羚的生存空间。 相似文献
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黄羊为国家二级保护野生动物。应用黄羊外耳耳尖微小毛皮块提取14只黄羊的DNA，给出了部分试剂的配制和预处理、实验方法和操作、DNA提取物的测量等。 相似文献
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S Imai G Rung 《Nippon juigaku zasshi. The Japanese journal of veterinary science》1990,52(5):1063-1067
Rumen ciliate composition was surveyed on the Mongolian gazelle, Procapra gutturosa in Inner-Mongolia, China. As a result of survey, 4 species belonging to the genus Entodinium, E. convexum, E. dubardi, E. nanellum and E. exiguum, were detected. All the ciliates were devoid of caudal appendages. Of the species detected, E. convexum was found from all the hosts with a relatively high composition rate of 53.0-100.0%. The ciliate density ranged from 12.3 to 67.7 x 10(4), with an average of 24.8 x 10(4) per 1 ml of the rumen fluid. 相似文献
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普氏原羚自然栖息地草地矿物质营养的评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
矿物质元素是动物生长发育和生命活动必需的营养。为了更好地开展普氏原羚的保护工作,对普氏原羚主要栖息地的青海湖布哈河上游地区高寒草甸的矿物质营养分布特点进行了系统的分析。应用显微分析法分析动物食性,采取电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法分析矿物质含量。结果发现,牧草萌发期的混合牧草硒和铜元素含量极显著高于牧草快速生长期(Cu,F2,27=3.27, P=0.008; Se,F2,27=3.27, P=0.009),但牧草枯黄期与萌发期间无显著差异。不同牧草品种体内的矿物质元素含量也存在明显的差异,唐古特铁线莲、沙蒿、芨芨草是主要的高硒植物,其中芨芨草硒含量最高。芨芨草是普氏原羚的基本食物,占总食物的13.68%,但不是普氏原羚的喜食植物(选择性指数为-0.886)。碱蒿、冷蒿、紫花针茅是主要的高铜植物,其中紫花针茅的铜含量最高,是普氏原羚的主要食物,占总食物的9.40%,但不是普氏原羚的喜食植物(选择性指数为0.037)。因此,对放牧动物来说,普氏原羚栖息地存在严重的矿物质营养不平衡问题,属于严重硒缺乏区,季节性铜硒缺乏区,普氏原羚基本食物是高硒植物芨芨草,增加了其食物的平均硒含量,普氏原羚的主要食物是含铜量最高的紫花针茅,增加了其食物的平均铜含量。增加牧场高硒和高铜植物的比例,提高土壤牧草的硒和铜元素的含量和扩大普氏原羚的采食范围都是保护普氏原羚的主要措施。 相似文献
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2007～2008年的春季、夏季、秋季、冬季前期及冬季后期,我们研究了围栏对内蒙古达赉湖地区蒙原羚食物资源的影响。研究结果如下：（1）地上生物量：春季、冬季前期、冬季后期围栏内地上生物量高于围栏外且差异显著（P〈0.05）,夏季、秋季差异不显著（P〉0.05）。（2）植物高度：春季围栏内植物高度高于围栏外且差异显著（P〈0.05）,夏季、秋季、冬季前期、冬季后期差异不显著（P〉0.05）。（3）植物盖度：春季、夏季、秋季、冬季前期、冬季后期围栏内植物盖度高于围栏外且差异显著（P〈0.05）。（4）生物多样性指数：植物丰富度春季差异不显著（P〉0.05）,夏季、秋季、冬季前期、冬季后期围栏内植物丰富度高于围栏外且差异显著（P〈0.05）;Shannon-Wiener指数春季差异不显著（P〉0.05）,夏季、秋季、冬季前期、冬季后期围栏内Shannon-Wiener指数高于围栏外且差异显著（P〈0.05）。研究结果表明在现有情况下,围栏有利于蒙原羚的保护。 相似文献
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Mongolia’s Eastern Steppe is one of the largest remaining temperate grassland ecosystems and is habitat for Mongolian gazelles (Procapra gutturosa). During four surveys, we quantified vegetation composition, forage quality, and trace elements to gain insights on characteristics of forage that could be influencing how gazelles are distributed across the steppe. Grasses made up between 57% and 68% of all species, Stipa spp. (24–42% of all grasses) being the most abundant. Forbs made up 6% to 23% of all species with Allium spp. (11–44% of all forbs) the most abundant. The shrubs and dwarf shrubs were least common (7% and 12% of all species) with Artemisia frigida Willd. (18% and 47% of all shrubs) most common. Spring crude protein values of green vegetation averaged 21.9%. Considered an important forage for gazelles, Stipa spp. was below optimum value in phosphorous (P) and magnesium (Mg). The forbs Allium spp. and Astragalus spp. and the dwarf shrub Artemisia frigida had some of the highest crude protein contents and were above optimum for all important elements (except P in Astragalus). Calcium (Ca) and the Ca:P ratio were above optimal at nearly all sites surveyed. Phosphorus levels in vegetation were 96% of minimum requirements for ungulates at maintenance whereas magnesium and calcium were 113% and 145% of minimum requirements for ungulates, respectively. Magnesium and phosphorous were below values considered optimal for lactation and bone development at 78% and 71% of sites, respectively. Gazelles likely satisfy their nutrient requirements by selectively foraging on species that contain high concentrations of critical minerals. During periods of peak demands, particularly calving and postcalving periods, regions with a high abundance of forbs commonly occurring in gazelle diets (Allium and Astragalus) might be of greater value to lactating females and growing calves and, therefore, sought out. 相似文献
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Open reduction of lateral luxation of the scapulohumeral joint was performed in a Mhorr gazelle (Gazella dama mhorr), a southern pudu (Pudu puda), and an Alpine ibex (Capra ibex ibex) by transposition of the biceps brachii tendon lateral to the greater tubercle of the humerus. The ibex had a very large greater tubercle that required a second osteotomy to allow successful lateral transfer of the tendon. Although all three animals were non-weight bearing in the first 2-3 wk after surgery, ambulation improved at 3 wk and was almost normal by 6 wk after surgery. Postoperative follow-up of 8 yr, 7 mo, and 3 mo in the gazelle, pudu, and ibex, respectively, revealed normal ambulation with no gait deficits. The gazelle was euthanized 8 yr after surgery for unrelated disease and necropsy demonstrated mild to moderate degenerative joint disease. Similar lateral shoulder luxations in comparably sized, nondomestic ruminants, without concurrent fractures or significant joint abnormality, have a good prognosis for return to function after surgical reduction using a biceps tendon transposition. 相似文献
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A. W. Confer K. R. Simons M. T. Barrie K. D. Clinkenbeard 《Veterinary research communications》1990,14(3):175-180
Pasteurella haemolytica leukotoxin is a pore-forming cytolysin which acts as a virulence factor in pasteurellosis of domestic ruminants. Leukocytes from cattle, sheep and goats are susceptible to leukotoxin-induced lysis; however, leukocytes from non-ruminant species so far tested are resistant to leukotoxin-induced lysis. Neutrophils obtained from three white-tailed deer, four Saiga antelope, an Addra gazelle, a Grant's gazelle and a Sable antelope were tested for susceptibility to the lytic effects of P. haemolytica leukotoxin using lactate dehydrogenase release. Results were compared to those obtained using neutrophils from a steer and cultured bovine lymphoma cells. Neutrophils obtained from all these ruminants, except the Addra gazelle, were susceptible to P. haemolytica leukotoxin. Individual variation among the Saiga and the deer did not appear to be due to the percentages of neutrophils or the percentage of contaminating erythrocytes in the cell preparations. 相似文献