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不同益生菌中兽药黄荆子微生态制剂功效研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
实验旨在研究不同益生菌发酵中兽药黄荆子对黄荆子微生态制剂功效的影响。实验以不加益生菌为对照,选择枯草芽孢杆菌S21单菌发酵、枯草芽孢杆菌S21和产朊假单丝酵母M22双菌发酵、枯草芽孢杆菌S21、产朊假单丝酵母M22和植物乳杆菌T3三菌发酵,测试不同益生菌黄荆子微生态制剂的抑菌活性、活菌数、黄酮含量及消化酶等变化,结果表明,单独选择枯草芽孢杆菌S21发酵,其黄荆子微生态制剂的抑菌活性、活菌数、黄酮含量及消化酶活性等综合起来比复合发酵好,揭示复合发酵时不同的益生菌的颉颃作用,会对微生态制剂功效产生巨大影响,选择复合菌种发酵中兽药时,要注意不同菌种的相互作用。 相似文献
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《饲料工业》2017,(23)
研究对动物来源的产朊假丝酵母菌和具有抑菌功能的乳酸菌进行固体发酵条件的筛选,制备活菌数高的功能性复合微生态制剂,通过在雏鸡日粮中添加不同微生态制剂,研究其对雏鸡生产性能的影响。试验经重复检测,验证出产朊假丝酵母固态发酵菌制剂和嗜酸乳杆菌制剂活菌数最高的发酵底物配比及最优发酵条件,并按照11的添加比例进行饲养试验。饲养试验选用1日龄的AA肉用公鸡雏240只,随机分成4组(对照组、产朊假丝酵母菌组、嗜酸乳杆菌组和复合菌添加组),每组5个重复,每个重复12只鸡。试验期28 d,分别在第1、15、29 d称重并记录采食量。研究结果表明:在活菌数最高的发酵底物配比及最优发酵条件下产朊假丝酵母菌固体发酵的活菌数稳定在1.05×1010CFU/g,嗜酸乳杆菌固体发酵的活菌数稳定在3.7×1010CFU/g;添加复合微生态制剂的雏鸡日增重在各个时期均显著高于对照组(P0.05),而料肉比在3~4周和1~4周显著低于对照组(P0.05)。由此可见,复合微生态制剂,可以提高肉仔鸡的生长性能,增加肉鸡养殖的经济效益。 相似文献
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生态宝对断奶仔猪生产性能和表观消化率的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
目前国外在新生仔猪、断奶仔猪和母猪中已广泛使用微生态制剂。“生态宝”是一种新型微生态活菌制剂,由液-固结合工艺发酵而成。采用好氧、厌氧和兼性厌氧菌,按正交比例组合成发酵菌系,由蜡样芽孢杆菌、双歧杆菌、乳酸杆菌及酵母菌等18种有益活菌体组成。生态宝可以有效补充消化道中的双歧杆菌、乳酸杆菌等,维持正常微生态区系平衡,提高机体免疫力,从而保证畜禽健康生长。但微生态制剂属活菌类产品,其应用效果不稳定,易受自身因素和环境因素的影响。为评价“生态宝”在断奶仔猪日粮中的添加效果,并探索“生态宝”与抗生素的作用,进行了以下… 相似文献
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微生态制剂是一类根据微生态学原理制成的对动植物有益的活菌制剂,因具有无毒、无污染、无残留的特点,广泛应用于奶牛养殖业。研究表明,微生态制剂可以通过调节瘤胃微生物的动态平衡、调节瘤胃pH值的稳定、改变微生物在瘤胃中的发酵模式等方式提高反刍动物的生产性能,还可以预防奶牛乳房炎、子宫内膜炎等的发生,改善畜舍环境,并提高青贮质量。文章介绍了微生态制剂的分类、微生态制剂在奶牛生产中的作用以及微生态制剂的发展前景,旨在为微生态制剂在奶牛生产中的运用提供理论依据。 相似文献
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纳豆提取物和纳豆菌的体外抑菌作用研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
纳豆固体发酵后,用纳豆激酶、纳豆抑菌物质2种提取液与纳豆菌的培养液对葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌等6种菌进行体外抑菌作用试验,结果显示:纳豆激酶的抑菌作用十分微弱,纳豆芽孢杆菌培养液抑菌效果较纳豆激酶和纳豆抑菌物质强。在6种目标菌中,纳豆芽孢杆菌对葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌等肠道菌的抑菌作用较其它菌强。为纳豆芽孢杆菌作为一种微生态制剂菌种提供了理论依据。 相似文献
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Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
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Davis MS Willard MD Nelson SL Mandsager RE McKiernan BS Mansell JK Lehenbauer TW 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(3):311-314
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large. 相似文献
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Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
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Tropical Animal Health and Production - 相似文献
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Waruiru RM Thamsborg SM Nansen P Kyvsgaard NC Bogh HO Munyua WK Gathuma JM 《Tropical animal health and production》2001,33(3):173-187
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round. 相似文献
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The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host. 相似文献
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H Hayashi T Yoshimura J Y Chen 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1985,8(2):73-87
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed. 相似文献
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Evaluation of biohydrogenation rate of canola vs. soya bean seeds as unsaturated fatty acids sources for ruminants in situ 
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下载免费PDF全文 S. Pashaei T. Ghoorchi A. Yamchi 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2016,100(2):211-216
An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed. 相似文献
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Serum biochemical values and the wet weight to dry weight ratios of tissues were determined in yaks in Shandan county of Gansu province. The liver, kidney, heart and muscle contents of seven elements in yaks were also analysed. Most serum biochemical values were similar to those of cattle, camels and sheep, but the calcium concentration was considerably above the normal range for other ruminants. The liver contained the highest concentrations of copper, manganese and cobalt and the kidney of selenium, iron and calcium.Abbreviations Alb
albumin
- ALT
alanine aminotransferase
- AST
aspartate aminotransferase
- BUN
blood urea nitrogen
- Chol
cholesterol
- Glob
globulin
- -GT
-glutamyl transpeptidase
- IP
inorganic phosphorus
- TP
total protein 相似文献