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1.
不同周龄莱籽鹅和北方白鹅17项血清生化指标的比较研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
分别测定了4、8、12周龄时菜籽鹅(莱菌鹅♂×籽鹅♀)和北方白鹅(东北白鹅♂×籽鹅♀)17种血清生化指标的正常值,并进行比较分析.结果表明,2品种鹅各时期血清生化指标存在不同程度的差异,4周龄莱籽鹅葡萄糖(Glu)含量显著高于北方白鹅(P＜0.05);8、12周龄2品种鹅丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)存在极显著差异(P＜0.01),12周龄莱籽鹅磷(P)含量极显著高于北方白鹅(P＜0.01),而北方白鹅甘油三酯(TG)含量显著高于莱籽鹅(P＜0.05);2品种鹅钙(Ca)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH-L)及碱性磷酸酶(ALP)都有随周龄增加而减少的趋势,其中Ca含量各时期差异极显著(P＜0.01);而TG、蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)和肌酐含量都随周龄显著升高(P＜0.05),ALP、镁(Mg)、γ-谷氨酸酰基转移酶(γ-GT)、LDH-L含量趋于稳定(P＞0.05).  相似文献   

2.
分别测定了4、8、12周龄时菜籽鹅（莱菌鹅♂×籽鹅♀）和北方白鹅（东北白鹅♂×籽鹅♀）17种血清生化指标的正常值，并进行比较分析。结果表明，2品种鹅各时期血清生化指标存在不同程度的差异，4周龄莱籽鹩葡萄糖（Glu）含量显著高于北方白鹅（P〈0．05）；8、12周龄2品种鹅丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）存在极显著差异（P〈0．01），12周龄菜籽鹅磷（P）含量极显著高于北方白鹅（P〈0．01），而北方白鹅甘油三酯（TO）含量显著高于莱籽鹅（P〈0．05）；2品种鹅钙（Ca）、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH—L）及碱性磷酸酶（ALP）都有随周龄增加而减少的趋势，其中Ca含量各时期差异极显著（P〈0．01）；而TG、蛋白胆固醇（HDLC）、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）和肌酐含量都随周龄显著升高（P〈0．05），ALP、镁（Mg）、γ-谷氨酸酰基转移酶（7GT）、LDHL含量趋于稳定（P〉0．05）。  相似文献   

3.
为比较相同环境下3种东北鹅血液生物活性成分及营养素的种质差异,随机抽取成年同日龄健康狮白鹅、霍尔多巴吉鹅和三花鹅3个品种鹅各10只,分别对3种东北鹅血液微量元素、血清生化指标、血液氨基酸组成及其营养价值以及血清免疫球蛋白、超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽、胸腺肽、转铁蛋白含量等进行检测和分析。结果表明,狮白鹅血液中微量元素镁、锌、铁含量与霍尔多巴吉鹅和三花鹅相比存在显著性差异(P0.05);3个品种鹅血清总蛋白、白蛋白、甘油三酯、总胆固醇之间存在显著性差异(P0.05);3种东北鹅血液中均含有18种氨基酸,且第一、二限制性氨基酸分别为色氨酸和异亮氨酸,狮白鹅血液中总氨基酸、必需氨基酸和必需氨基酸指数(EAAI)高于其他2个品种鹅;狮白鹅血清免疫球蛋白、胸腺肽、转铁蛋白含量与霍尔多巴吉鹅和三花鹅相比存在显著性差异(P0.05)。通过以上研究结果得出3种东北鹅血液中均含有丰富的生物活性成分和营养物质,其中狮白鹅血液中营养素的含量较高。  相似文献   

4.
为了更有效地保护和利用莱茵鹅的优良基因,对北方种鹅场和双鸭山种鹅场的莱茵鹅血清进行了15项生化指标的测定及分析。结果表明:北方种鹅场和双鸭山种鹅场莱茵鹅血清三酰甘油、肌酐、直接胆红素、氯、镁、尿素氮、白蛋白和钙等血清生化指标之间的差异达到了极显著水平(P<0.01);血清总蛋白和总胆红素之间的差异达到了显著水平(P<0.05);而葡萄糖、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、总胆固醇、无机磷和尿酸含量之间差异不显著(P>0.05)。研究还初步建立了莱茵鹅15项血清生化指标的参考值及参考范围。  相似文献   

5.
北京南海子麋鹿血液生理生化指标的测定   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  
为了解麋鹿的健康状态,给疾病临床诊断和治疗提供依据,对北京南海子临床健康麋鹿的血液生理生化指标进行了测定.其中11只麋鹿测定了14项血液生理指标,32只麋鹿测定了35项血液生化指标.不同性别指标值之间的差异以及亚成体和成体之间生化值的差异,使用Mann-Whitney U检验进行了对比.结果显示,血液生理指标值除血小板计数、血小板压积和血小板体积分布宽度指标上雄性显著高于雌性,其他指标雌雄间差异不显著;不同性别之间血清生化指标值仅乳酸脱氢酶、二氧化碳、血清K+等指标差异显著,其他值雌雄间差异不显著;麋鹿成体与亚成体之间在乳酸脱氢酶、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶、羟丁酸脱氢酶、丙氨酸氨基转移酶、碱性磷酸酶、肌酸同工酶、白球比、总蛋白定量和球蛋白等多项指标差异较显著.与以往研究相比,本次新增加了16项麋鹿血液生理生化指标值的测定,测定项目中总胆红素和尿酸测定值与以往值存在显著差异.  相似文献   

6.
为了对中华草龟与中华花龟的健康养殖、良种选育及养殖推广提供参考依据,试验测定、计算了4龄中华草龟和中华花龟血液中的白细胞数、红细胞数、血红蛋白含量、血小板数等4项血液生理指标,和丙氨酸氨基转移酶、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶活性,转氨酶比,总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白含量,白球比,总胆红素、直接胆红素、间接胆红素、总胆固醇、三酰甘油、高密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白含量等14项血液生化指标。结果表明:在血液生理指标中,中华草龟红细胞数显著高于中华花龟(P0.05),中华花龟白细胞数显著高于中华草龟(P0.05),两种龟的血红蛋白含量、血小板数差异不显著(P0.05);在血液生化指标中,中华花龟天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶活性显著高于中华草龟(P0.05),中华草龟的总胆固醇含量和高密度脂蛋白含量显著高于中华花龟(P0.05),其余血液生化指标差异不显著(P0.05)。说明中华草龟和中华花龟因品种的不同其血液生理生化指标存在差异。  相似文献   

7.
为了对黑龙江林蛙血液生理和生化指标进行测定,并对其测定结果进行t检验。结果表明:黑龙江林蛙血液生理、生化指标中总胆红素(T-Bil)、总胆固醇(TC)、直接胆红素(D-Bil)、肌酸激酶(CK)、钙(Ca)、镁(Mg)、磷(P)、尿酸(UA)、肌酐(CREA-J)雌雄间差异不显著(P0.05),丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、γ-谷氨酰转移酶(γ-GT)雌雄间差异显著(P0.05),三酰甘油(TG)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、尿素(UREA)、葡萄糖(GLU)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)雌雄间差异极显著(P0.01),从测定结果可以看出黑龙江林蛙雌雄间血液生理、生化值差异较大。  相似文献   

8.
为比较相同环境下不同鹅种间血液生化代谢特点的种质差异,在国家水禽种质资源基因库(江苏泰州)内随机抽取成年同月龄健康的豁眼鹅、乌鬃鹅、太湖鹅、浙东白鹅、武冈铜鹅、皖西白鹅、莱茵鹅、朗德鹅8个鹅品种各20只,进行15项血液指标的测定与比较分析.结果表明,8个鹩种间总蛋白、白蛋白、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、钠离子、氯离子指标无显著差异(P＞0.05);球蛋白、白球比、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇指标存在显著差异(P＜0.05).豁眼鹅尿素氮指标极显著低于莱茵鹅(P＜0.01),表明其蛋白质沉积能力最强.朗德鹅TG则极显著高于皖西白鹅、豁眼鹅(P＜0.01),显示它具有很强的脂肪沉积能力.另外,不同品种间谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶、总胆固醇、钾离子、钙离子亦存在极显著差异(P＜0.01).  相似文献   

9.
为了测定SPF级SD大鼠血液生化指标,分析不同性别、不同周龄SPF级SD大鼠血液生化指标的差异,试验采用全自动生化测定仪对3,12,21周龄SPF级SD大鼠的血液生化指标进行测定,并进行统计分析和差异显著性检验。结果表明:SD大鼠的血液生化指标与性别、周龄的关系密切。不同周龄、不同性别SD大鼠之间各项指标均存在一定差异,其中谷氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、总胆汁酸(TBA)、间接胆红素(IBIL)、尿酸(UA)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、α羟丁酸脱氨酶(HBDH)、钙离子(Ca2+)、磷酸根离子(PO43-)、铁离子(Fe3+)、二氧化碳(CO2)等指标随大鼠周龄的增加而呈降低趋势,总蛋白(TP)、球蛋白(GLB)随大鼠周龄的增加而升高。此外,3,12,21周龄的SD大鼠雌、雄之间LDH、HBDH存在极显著或显著差异(P0. 01或P0. 05)。  相似文献   

10.
为研究肌醇对不同品种鹅生长及血液生化指标的影响,选用体重相近(3.60±0.39)kg的4月龄健康吉林白鹅和卡洛斯鹅各24只,每个品种鹅分成2个处理,每个处理12只,每个品种分别有一组添加300 mg/kg肌醇,试验期为35 d,之后测定其生长性能及血液生化指标。结果表明:各组间的日采食量、干物质、粗脂肪、粗蛋白代谢率、粗纤维的消化率日采食量差异显著(P0.01),吉林白鹅及卡洛斯鹅的试验组之间的低密度脂蛋白胆固醇差异显著(P0.05);吉林白鹅、卡洛斯鹅的试验组的TG均低于对照组,CHO及LDL-CH均高于对照组。由此可见,添加肌醇可以明显提高鹅的采食量及对营养物质消化的能力,并且降低血清中的甘油三酯的浓度,提高胆固醇及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平,说明肌醇与体内的脂类代谢有关。  相似文献   

11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。  相似文献   

12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes. But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia.  相似文献   

13.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

14.
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded.  相似文献   

15.
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.  相似文献   

16.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

17.
The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of different tumor types within a large cohort of cats with intracranial neoplasia and to attempt to correlate signalment, tumor size and location, and survival time for each tumor. Medical records of 160 cats with confirmed intracranial neoplasia evaluated between 1985 and 2001 were reviewed. Parameters evaluated included age, sex, breed, FeLV/FIV status, clinical signs, duration of signs, number of tumors, tumor location(s), imaging results, treatment, survival times, and histopathologic diagnosis. Most of the cats were older (11.3 +/- 3.8 years). Primary tumors accounted for 70.6% of cases. Metastasis and direct extension of secondary tumors accounted for only 5.6 and 3.8% of cases, respectively. Twelve cats (7.5%) had 2 or more discrete tumors of the same type, whereas 16 cats (10.0%) had 2 different types of intracranial tumors. The most common tumor types were meningioma (n = 93, 58.1%), lymphoma (n = 23, 14.4%), pituitary tumors (n = 14, 8.8%), and gliomas (n = 12, 7.5%). The most common neurological signs were altered consciousness (n = 42, 26.2%), circling (n = 36, 22.5%), and seizures (n = 36, 22.5%). Cats without specific neurological signs were common (n = 34, 21.2%). The tumor was considered an incidental finding in 30 (18.8%) cats. In addition to expected relationships (eg, meninges and meningioma, pituitary and pituitary tumors), we found that lesion location was predictive of tumor type with diffuse cerebral or brainstem involvement predictive of lymphoma and third ventricle involvement predictive of meningioma.  相似文献   

18.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

19.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host.  相似文献   

20.
Infectious diseases have always been a terrible scourge for humans. The appearance of these plagues, as they were called without distinction, was generally connected to various conditions: asters, climatic changes or religious reasons. The concept of contagious, and then infectious, diseases came slowly. Variolation, i.e. transmission of ‘virulent’ matter to induce a natural disease and the immunity against it, was brought from Constantinople to England by Lady Montague, in 1721. This ‘variolation’ technique was also often performed in veterinary medicine against diseases like sheep-pox or pleuropneumonia. As ‘vaccination’ is the term generally accepted for ‘immunisation’, variolation can be the word designating such a technique. The second period of the history of immunisation began, in 1880, with the studies of Pasteur and his collaborators. A great number of bacterial vaccines were developed: dead, live but attenuated or only parts of pathogens. The viruses were produced in animals, then in eggs and at last, in tissue cultures. Second generation vaccines appeared with genetic engineering: recombinant vaccines, vector vaccines, nucleic acids vaccines, and markers vaccines, among others. These novel technologies can permit the development of new ones and improve the quality of the vaccines already existing.  相似文献   

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