共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 78 毫秒
1.
2.
在小麦生产中,倒伏对其产量影响较大。为达到控高及稳产的目的,选用3种常用的抗倒剂(25%矮壮丰、3%调环酸钙水乳剂、5%抗倒酯水乳剂)来探究其对小麦生长及产量的影响。结果表明,与常规对照R2(矮壮丰80 m L/667 m2)相比,在灌浆期(5月12日)前,其他抗倒剂处理下小麦的叶绿素含量大都低于对照,而灌浆期后下降缓慢,光合作用时间延长;抗倒剂处理下小麦的株高都低于对照且在R6(抗倒酯水乳剂60 m L/667 m2)处理下降至最低,且小麦的不同节间长度在抗倒酯水乳剂处理下都得到控制,在最高浓度(60 m L/667 m2)处理下都降至最低;调环酸钙水乳剂仅对小麦的第3、第5节间有控长作用,而抗倒酯水乳剂对小麦的大部分节间都起到控长作用。从产量方面来看,有效穗数在R6(抗倒酯水乳剂60 m L/667 m2)处理下达到最高,实粒数在不同处理下相差不大,结实率和千粒质量在抗倒酯水乳剂处理下都处于较高水平,但产量在常规对照R2(矮壮丰80m L/667 m2)处理下最高;其次是R6(抗倒酯水乳剂60 m L/667 m2)处理。因此,综合考虑控高效果、有效穗数和千粒质量提高及稳产等多种因素,推荐在小麦的分蘖末期喷施60 m L/667 m2的5%抗倒酯水乳剂,能达到控高且不会明显降低其产量的目的。 相似文献
3.
为明确不同生长调节剂对黑小麦植株茎秆性状及其籽粒产量和品质的调控效应,以冬黑1号和临黑131为试验材料,在黑小麦起身期喷施不同生长调节剂（多效唑、甲哌胺鲜酯、矮壮素）,研究其对黑小麦茎节间长、株高、倒伏级别、籽粒产量及构成因素和籽粒品质的影响。结果表明,与对照相比,喷施生长调节剂均能不同程度降低黑小麦株高、基部第1和第2节间长度、穗下节长度,增加基部节间粗度。其中,多效唑可降低黑小麦株高1.1~4.5 cm,第1和第2茎节粗平均减少1.2 cm和2.3 cm,穗下节减少1.7 cm,茎粗度增加0.55~1.65 mm;甲哌胺鲜酯对黑小麦株高的影响不明显,茎粗度增加0.1~1.35 mm;矮壮素可降低黑小麦株高0.5~1.2 cm,第1和第2茎节间长减少2.1 cm和2.8 cm,穗下节变化不明显,茎粗度增加0.2~0.8 mm。喷施生长调节剂使倒伏级别降低0.30~1.22级,多效唑降低程度显著。喷施多效唑使黑小麦茎秆木质素和纤维素含量显著增加。多效唑处理下,冬黑1号和临黑131产量分别为6 648.0和6 076.5 kg·hm-2,均高于其他处理;甲哌胺鲜酯对黑小麦产量的影响不显著;矮壮素使黑小麦减产。喷施生长调节剂提高产量是通过提高单位面积有效穗数和穗粒数实现的。喷施多效唑显著增加了2个黑小麦品种籽粒蛋白质含量（3.7%~19.6%）。从茎秆指标和产量来看,在冬黑1号和临黑131拔节期喷施多效唑的效果较好。 相似文献
4.
通过几种化学调节剂对大小麦生长期的影响试验研究。结果表明,在大麦叶龄6.4叶,小麦叶龄5.3叶时,施用矮壮丰能加快大麦无效分蘖消退,促进小麦分蘖增长,提高大麦成穗2.4%～10.3%,小麦成穗2.6%～7.8%。矮壮丰50 ml/667㎡效果最明显。施用各种化调药剂,主要影响麦子穗下节、每穗粒数和千粒重。在试验剂量下,麦子穗下节缩短3～9.5 cm,大麦穗粒数减少2.3～3.0粒、大麦千粒重降低1.5～2.1 g;小麦千粒重降低1.4～2.0 g。相对而言,玉米健壮素和水稻劲丰处理,对麦子生长影响较大。小麦劲丰和矮壮丰处理对麦子生长影响较小。 相似文献
5.
以驻大麦5号为试验材料,分两个时期,喷施不同剂量多效唑。结果表明:喷施剂量对驻大麦5号株高、穗长和茎基部第1、2节间长度影响达显著水平,在同一时期,随喷施剂量增加,株高逐渐降低,重心下降,茎基部节间长度逐渐缩短,相应节间直径增粗,茎秆抗倒伏能力提高。喷施时期对驻大麦5号有效穗数和产量影响达到极显著水平,喷施时期相同剂量不同时,驻大麦5号产量与剂量间成二次函数曲线变化,以1.8 kg/hm2处理最高,产量较对照提高9.35%;在分蘖盛期,随喷施剂量加大,驻大麦5号有效穗数逐渐增加,穗粒数呈先增后降趋势,以喷施1.2 kg/hm2处理最高,而千粒重以喷施1.8 kg/hm2处理最高。 相似文献
6.
7.
通过对水稻品种上农粳2号在分蘖期分别施用15%多效唑、15%胺鲜·乙烯利和50%噻苯·乙烯利3种植物生长调节剂,研究其对水稻产量相关性状的影响。结果表明:不同生长调节剂以及不同浓度对上农粳2号产量的影响不同,12 g/667 m~2 15%多效唑对上农粳2号有一定增产效果,随着施用浓度的不断升高,有效穗在增加,但穗粒数和千粒质量均有下降,导致产量逐步降低。15%胺鲜·乙烯利12 g/667 m~2的处理对上农粳2号增产效果明显,主要是有效穗和穗实粒数增加所致。50%噻苯·乙烯利随着施用浓度不断增加,水稻产量在增加,在浓度为100 m L/667 m~2处理时产量达最高。综合产量相关性状可知,在分蘖期施用50%噻苯·乙烯利100 m L/667 m~2或15%胺鲜·乙烯利12 g/667 m~2,水稻产量提高的效果较明显。 相似文献
8.
为探究能够有效降低大麦株高的措施,降低因倒伏带来的产量损失,以不做控高措施的处理为对照,设置6个不同的控高方案。结果表明:只在生理拔节期喷施60 g/667 m~2的多效唑和倒0.5叶喷施100 m L/667 m~2的玉米健壮素的处理,控高效果不显著;在见芒10%喷施玉米健壮素100 m L/667 m~2的控高效果最好。结合产量来看,本试验在倒0.5叶喷施玉米健壮素70 m L/667m~2+见芒10%喷施玉米健壮素70 m L/667 m~2的综合效益是最好的。 相似文献
9.
水稻拔节前化控抗倒伏研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
用矮壮丰与多效唑在水稻拔节前进行处理,试验表明,水稻拔节前使用矮壮丰能显著缩短第1、2节间的长度,对第3、4节间的长度也有一定的缩减作用;使用多效唑能缩短水稻的第1~4节的节间长度,剂量越大,降低幅度越大;多效唑在同一剂量下不同的使用方式即喷雾和毒土之间无显著差异。矮壮丰对水稻整株高度无明显降低作用,而多效唑能显著降低整个植株高度。植株高度与倒伏比例呈正比,即植株越高,水稻的抗倒能力越差。矮壮丰对水稻有一定的增产作用,而多效唑则相反。 相似文献
10.
通过研究农用微生物菌剂在小麦上的应用效果,为肥料登记和大面积推广应用提供依据。对喷施2个农用微生物菌剂的淮麦33农艺性状和产量进行分析研究,结果表明:小麦喷施2种微生物菌剂均能增加小麦每穗粒数,提高千粒质量,增加小麦产量,较常规对照(CK_0)分别增产28.89、22.23 kg/667 m~2,增产率分别为8.12%、6.25%,且分别达极显著水平(P0.01)和显著水平(P0.05);小麦喷施农用微生物菌剂1较清水对照(CK_1)增产22.22 kg/667 m~2,增6.13%,达显著水平(P0.05);小麦喷施农用微生物菌剂2较清水对照(CK_2)增产20.0 kg/667 m~2,增5.59%,产量差异达显著水平(P0.05)。 相似文献
11.
12.
Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：5
Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified. 相似文献
13.
《Journal of Cereal Science》2007,45(3):236-251
Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified. 相似文献
14.
概述了海峡两岸农业交流与合作的现状,提出了应该共同呼吁尽快实现两岸“三通”,开放农业生物技术图书期刊资料交流以及开放生物学科方面网络的思路,以便为农业交流与合作的顺畅开展打好基础,并寄希望能够就糖蔗、果蔗以及甘蔗笋等方面的研究与开发到台湾学习取经,开展学术交流或与台湾同行共同开展研究,为我省甘蔗业的发展作出贡献。 相似文献
15.
种子加工、检验理论与技术现状及思考 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
种子加工及检验是种子向市场流通的关键，是商业化育种中赋予种子商品属性不可或缺的环节。种子加工、检验理论与技术的研究是完善种业产业链、实现规模化商业育种、夯实“育繁推一体化”种业科学的重要一环。中国的种业科学技术体系正在形成与完善之中，受制于行业发展水平，种子加工及检验理论与技术相对薄弱。本文回顾了种子加工及检验理论与技术研究发展历程，提出了完善中国种业科学发展的策略与建议。围绕种业发展的需要，在做好品种优质化繁育的基础上，分析种子加工及检验理论与技术的新方向和新需求，加强种业应用性研究，建立先进的种子质量检验体系，研制适合现代种业发展需求的种子加工设备，打造种子加工产业标准化生产体系，完善种业科学技术学科建设，促进种业产业持续健康发展。 相似文献
16.
17.
近年来，随着大豆播种面积的增长，受病虫危害日趋严重。特别是大豆根潜蝇（又名根明）与根腐病共同发生危害，严重影响大豆的生产。综合防治技术主要手段是三年以上轮作，适时播种及种衣剂拌种等措施。 相似文献
18.
Summary Between 1993 and 1998 205 different potato cultivars and 1220 accessions/genotypes of wild and cultivated potato species from
the IPK Genebank Gatersleben were evaluated. Parameters interesting for starch isolation and especially for the use of starch
were determined. Altogether, there was a higher variability in wild potato species than in cultivated potatoes for all characteristics
investigated: dry matter content, starch content, protein content, amylose content and mean particle diameter of starch granules. 相似文献
19.
In field experiments conducted over 2 years in Mediterranean conditions, five winter and five spring triticales were evaluated for forage and grain production in the same cropping season. The experiments had two treatments, namely harvesting for grain only, and dual-purpose forage and grain production. In the latter treatment, forage was cut when the first node was detectable (Zadoks' stage 31), without removing the apical meristems. Grain was harvested when ripe (Zadoks' stage 92) in both cut and uncut plots.
Environmental conditions affected grain production and protein content more than forage yield and quality. Winter triticales yielded about 43% more forage than spring types, but after forage removal the spring types yielded about 36% more grain than winter triticales.
Reductions in grain yield after clipping were more pronounced in winter (32%) than in spring (19%) types. Forage crude protein content was significantly higher in the spring types studied (24.6%) than in the winter types (23.5%), the opposite being true for fibre content (20.7 and 21.6% respectively). Grain crude protein content did not differ between grain and dual-purpose treatments, but was higher in the spring triticales (12.8%) than in the winter types (11.9%). There was more variability for the measured traits within the winter triticales studied than within the spring types. 相似文献
Environmental conditions affected grain production and protein content more than forage yield and quality. Winter triticales yielded about 43% more forage than spring types, but after forage removal the spring types yielded about 36% more grain than winter triticales.
Reductions in grain yield after clipping were more pronounced in winter (32%) than in spring (19%) types. Forage crude protein content was significantly higher in the spring types studied (24.6%) than in the winter types (23.5%), the opposite being true for fibre content (20.7 and 21.6% respectively). Grain crude protein content did not differ between grain and dual-purpose treatments, but was higher in the spring triticales (12.8%) than in the winter types (11.9%). There was more variability for the measured traits within the winter triticales studied than within the spring types. 相似文献
20.
种子加工及检验是种子向市场流通的关键,是商业化育种中赋予种子商品属性不可或缺的环节。种子加工、检验理论与技术的研究是完善种业产业链、实现规模化商业育种、夯实"育繁推一体化"种业科学的重要一环。中国的种业科学技术体系正在形成与完善之中,受制于行业发展水平,种子加工及检验理论与技术相对薄弱。本文回顾了种子加工及检验理论与技术研究发展历程,提出了完善中国种业科学发展的策略与建议。围绕种业发展的需要,在做好品种优质化繁育的基础上,分析种子加工及检验理论与技术的新方向和新需求,加强种业应用性研究,建立先进的种子质量检验体系,研制适合现代种业发展需求的种子加工设备,打造种子加工产业标准化生产体系,完善种业科学技术学科建设,促进种业产业持续健康发展。 相似文献