共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
江苏淮北地区不同栽培方式对水稻产量和物质生产特征的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以大穗、特早熟籼粳品种甬优2640为材料,对钵苗机栽、旱育手栽和毯苗机插3种栽培方式水稻的产量、干物质积累、茎蘖动态等进行比较研究。结果表明,3种不同栽培方式间水稻产量存在显著差异,钵苗机栽、旱育手栽产量极显著高于毯苗机插,钵苗机栽显著高于人工手栽,产量差异主要来源于每穗粒数;物质生产上,移栽至N-n叶龄期钵苗机栽和旱育手栽物质积累量多于毯苗机插,无效分蘖期毯苗机插物质积累量较多,至拔节期不同栽培方式干物质量相当,拔节至抽穗期、抽穗至成熟期钵苗机栽旱育手栽毯苗机插,三者间存在显著差异。说明与毯苗机插、旱育手栽相比,钵苗机栽水稻全生育期干物质积累(除无效分蘖期)都具有一定优势,特别是生育中、后期物质积累多,叶片不早衰,结实率和千粒重较高。 相似文献
2.
为探明不同育秧与插秧方式对水稻秧苗农艺性状及产量的影响，以甬优2640为供试材料，研究毯苗机插、钵苗机插和钵苗有序抛秧3种育插秧方式下水稻秧苗农艺性状、漏秧率及产量表现等的差异。结果表明，水稻甬优2640钵苗机插的根长、根数和基茎宽等秧苗农艺性状较毯苗机插秧苗的表现更好，漏秧率降低，产量明显增加；钵苗有序抛秧秧苗的农艺性状表现介于钵苗机插与毯苗机插的秧苗之间，产量较毯苗机插略有增加。 相似文献
3.
为探明毯苗插秧机增加取秧块面积的改进技术以及在该技术下稀播长秧龄的水稻适宜播量、秧龄和育秧盘,并形成毯苗机插稻稀播长秧龄农机与农艺相配套技术。结果表明,经过对毯苗插秧机性能的改进,增大取秧面积,毯苗机插杂交稻可实现与钵苗机插稻相当的产量,同时常规稻产量比未改进的常规毯苗机插稻增产4.74%~6.83%;机插水稻秧龄在30 d内,秧龄和产量成正相关关系,播量80 g/盘、秧龄30 d的处理产量最高;与普通塑料盘相比,大体钵型毯状降解盘透水透气性好,栽插带土成球,秧苗素质好,植伤轻,水稻缓苗期短。 相似文献
4.
不同栽培方式对水稻产量和物质生产特征影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
以武运粳24号和南粳44为材料,对钵苗机栽、精确点抛和毯苗机插3种栽培方式水稻的产量、干物质积累、茎蘖动态、LAI等进行比较研究。结果表明,不同栽培方式间水稻产量存在显著差异,钵苗机栽、精确点抛产量极显著高于毯苗机插,钵苗机栽显著高于精确点抛,产量差异主要来源于每穗粒数;物质生产上,移栽至N-n期钵苗机栽和精确点抛物质积累量多于毯苗机插,无效分蘖期毯苗机插物质积累量较多,至拔节期不同栽培方式干物质量相当,拔节至抽穗期、抽穗至成熟期钵苗机栽、精确点抛水稻物质积累量极显著高于毯苗机插,钵苗机栽显著高于精确点抛。说明与毯苗机插相比,钵苗机栽、精确点抛水稻全生育期干物质积累(除无效分蘖期)都具有一定优势,特别是生育中、后期光合能力强,物质积累多,LAI较大,叶片不早衰,结实率和千粒重较高,且钵苗机栽优于精确点抛。 相似文献
5.
钵苗机插水稻氮素吸收与利用特征 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
【目的】旨在阐明钵苗机插水稻氮素吸收与利用特征。【方法】于2013–2014年在扬州大学兴化试验基地选用大穗型品种甬优2640和甬优8号,中穗型品种武运粳24号和宁粳3号,小穗型品种淮稻5号和淮稻10号为试验材料,以毯苗机插为对照,研究钵苗机插水稻氮素积累、转运与利用特性。【结果】不同穗型品种的钵苗机插较毯苗机插在水稻分蘖中期、拔节期、抽穗期和成熟期植株含氮率和吸氮量较高。在移栽至分蘖中期、拔节至抽穗期和抽穗至成熟期阶段,不同穗型品种钵苗机插氮素积累量和氮素吸收速率较毯苗机插高。与毯苗机插相比,不同穗型品种的钵苗机插水稻叶片的氮素输出量、氮素表观转运率和氮素转运贡献率显著提高,而茎鞘的氮素表观转运率和氮素转运贡献率较低。对氮素利用率而言,不同穗型品种的钵苗机插较毯苗机插氮肥偏生产力显著提高,氮素收获指数增加,其中大穗型品种差异显著。【结论】钵苗机插较毯苗机插生育中、后期氮素吸收能力强,后期叶片氮素转运量大、贡献率高,植株总氮素积累量和氮肥利用率显著提高。 相似文献
6.
7.
8.
9.
不同机插方式对再生稻生长及产量的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以两优6326和岳优9113为材料,研究了豫南稻区两种主要水稻机插方式对再生稻生长及产量的影响。结果表明,钵苗机插能够显著提高秧苗素质,立苗活棵快,分蘖发生早,群体茎蘖增减平稳,成穗率显著提高,头季稻成熟期提前6~7 d,头季稻穗粒数较毯苗机插和手插明显增加,从而显著提高水稻产量;钵苗机插方式下,再生季的生育期较毯苗机插秧和手插提前2~4 d,再生穗率、再生穗粒数、结实率也显著提高。在钵苗机插方式下,两优6326两季产量为13 973.6 kg/hm2,较毯苗机插和手插方式分别增产13.4%和12.1%;岳优9113两季产量为14 443.6 kg/hm2,较毯苗机插和手插分别增产12.8%和12.7%。豫南稻区再生稻生产采用钵苗机插栽培方式,能够起到节本增效,提高水稻产量的效果。 相似文献
10.
11.
12.
概述了海峡两岸农业交流与合作的现状,提出了应该共同呼吁尽快实现两岸“三通”,开放农业生物技术图书期刊资料交流以及开放生物学科方面网络的思路,以便为农业交流与合作的顺畅开展打好基础,并寄希望能够就糖蔗、果蔗以及甘蔗笋等方面的研究与开发到台湾学习取经,开展学术交流或与台湾同行共同开展研究,为我省甘蔗业的发展作出贡献。 相似文献
13.
Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：5
Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified. 相似文献
14.
《Journal of Cereal Science》2007,45(3):236-251
Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified. 相似文献
15.
16.
近年来，随着大豆播种面积的增长，受病虫危害日趋严重。特别是大豆根潜蝇（又名根明）与根腐病共同发生危害，严重影响大豆的生产。综合防治技术主要手段是三年以上轮作，适时播种及种衣剂拌种等措施。 相似文献
17.
Summary Between 1993 and 1998 205 different potato cultivars and 1220 accessions/genotypes of wild and cultivated potato species from
the IPK Genebank Gatersleben were evaluated. Parameters interesting for starch isolation and especially for the use of starch
were determined. Altogether, there was a higher variability in wild potato species than in cultivated potatoes for all characteristics
investigated: dry matter content, starch content, protein content, amylose content and mean particle diameter of starch granules. 相似文献
18.
In field experiments conducted over 2 years in Mediterranean conditions, five winter and five spring triticales were evaluated for forage and grain production in the same cropping season. The experiments had two treatments, namely harvesting for grain only, and dual-purpose forage and grain production. In the latter treatment, forage was cut when the first node was detectable (Zadoks' stage 31), without removing the apical meristems. Grain was harvested when ripe (Zadoks' stage 92) in both cut and uncut plots.
Environmental conditions affected grain production and protein content more than forage yield and quality. Winter triticales yielded about 43% more forage than spring types, but after forage removal the spring types yielded about 36% more grain than winter triticales.
Reductions in grain yield after clipping were more pronounced in winter (32%) than in spring (19%) types. Forage crude protein content was significantly higher in the spring types studied (24.6%) than in the winter types (23.5%), the opposite being true for fibre content (20.7 and 21.6% respectively). Grain crude protein content did not differ between grain and dual-purpose treatments, but was higher in the spring triticales (12.8%) than in the winter types (11.9%). There was more variability for the measured traits within the winter triticales studied than within the spring types. 相似文献
Environmental conditions affected grain production and protein content more than forage yield and quality. Winter triticales yielded about 43% more forage than spring types, but after forage removal the spring types yielded about 36% more grain than winter triticales.
Reductions in grain yield after clipping were more pronounced in winter (32%) than in spring (19%) types. Forage crude protein content was significantly higher in the spring types studied (24.6%) than in the winter types (23.5%), the opposite being true for fibre content (20.7 and 21.6% respectively). Grain crude protein content did not differ between grain and dual-purpose treatments, but was higher in the spring triticales (12.8%) than in the winter types (11.9%). There was more variability for the measured traits within the winter triticales studied than within the spring types. 相似文献
19.
种子加工、检验理论与技术现状及思考 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
种子加工及检验是种子向市场流通的关键，是商业化育种中赋予种子商品属性不可或缺的环节。种子加工、检验理论与技术的研究是完善种业产业链、实现规模化商业育种、夯实“育繁推一体化”种业科学的重要一环。中国的种业科学技术体系正在形成与完善之中，受制于行业发展水平，种子加工及检验理论与技术相对薄弱。本文回顾了种子加工及检验理论与技术研究发展历程，提出了完善中国种业科学发展的策略与建议。围绕种业发展的需要，在做好品种优质化繁育的基础上，分析种子加工及检验理论与技术的新方向和新需求，加强种业应用性研究，建立先进的种子质量检验体系，研制适合现代种业发展需求的种子加工设备，打造种子加工产业标准化生产体系，完善种业科学技术学科建设，促进种业产业持续健康发展。 相似文献
20.
《Journal of Crop Improvement》2013,27(1):313-324
Summary Arbuscular mycorrhizae were inoculated into phosphorus-deficient soil fertilized with either organic or chemical fertilizer with cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) as the first crop and lettuce (Lactu-ca sativa L.) as the second crop but without additional fertilization and AM inoculation. AM increased dry matter and fruit yield of cucumber significantly in the unfertilized, organic-fertilized and P-deficient plants compared with the fully chemical-fertilized plants. AM inoculation increased the available phosphorus in plant and soil by around 30% for all treatments except for those chemically-fertilized. The rate of AM infection did not differ significantly among the fertilization treatments, but the infection intensity was higher in unfertilized, organic-fertilized and phosphorus-deficient treatments than chemical-fertilized treatment. The residual effects of AM-inoculated to cucumber were evident for lettuce in all pre-treatments that were unfertilized and un-inoculated for the second cropping. Without P-fertilization, neither crop could grow optimally even when the soil was inoculated with AM, suggesting that AM could not serve as a substitute for phosphorus fertilizer. However, the other beneficial effects of AM on crop growth and yield could not be fulfilled with phosphorus fertilizer. 相似文献