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1.
应用薄层色谱荧光扫描法测定双黄败毒颗粒中小檗碱的含量并鉴别黄连药材。样品经提取、点样、薄层展开后，采用荧光扫描进行含量测定；展开剂为苯：乙酸乙酯：甲醇：异丙醇：浓氨试液=6：3：1．5：1．5：0．5（V／V）的混合液；激发波长λ=366nm。实验结果显示盐酸小檗碱的线性范围为0．041～0．369μg（R^2=0．9995），平均回收率为100．7％（RSD=2．56％），表明该法简便、快速、经济，可作为本制剂主药黄连的定性鉴别及小檗碱定量分析的有效方法。 相似文献
2.
薄层层析方法用于清瘟败毒颗粒中黄连和连翘的鉴别。试验以苯-乙酸乙酯-甲醇-异丙醇-浓氨溶液（12∶6∶3∶3∶1）为展开剂,置氨蒸气饱和的展开缸内展开,于紫外灯下检视黄连和盐酸小檗碱的存在。以三氯甲烷-甲醇（5∶1）为展开剂,10%硫酸乙醇溶液为显色剂,105 ℃烘5 min,自然光下检测连翘的存在。结果表明,在365 nm紫外灯下,清瘟败毒颗粒与黄连对照药材、盐酸小檗碱在Rf值相同处有相同斑点;在自然光下,清瘟败毒颗粒与连翘对照药材在Rf值相同处有相同斑点。建立了清瘟败毒颗粒中黄连和连翘的薄层鉴别方法,专属性强,重现性好,适合于快速检验。 相似文献
3.
为了研究仔泻康口服液质量标准,以便控制产品质量,采用薄层色谱法(TLC)对制剂中黄芪、黄芩、黄连、白头翁进行定性鉴别;用高效液相色谱(HPLC)法对制剂中黄芩苷、盐酸小檗碱进行含量测定。结果 TLC鉴别分离度好,简单、灵敏、专属性强。黄芩苷线性范围在0.12～0.75μg(R2=0.9975),平均回收率为97%,RSD=1. 46%(n=6);盐酸小檗碱线性范围在0. 125～0. 75μg(R2=0.9929),平均回收率为93.33%,RSD为2.21%(n=6)。对黄芪、黄芩、黄连的定性鉴别及黄芩苷、盐酸小檗碱的含量测定,方法简单、准确、可靠,所建的标准可用于仔泻康口服液的质量控制。 相似文献
4.
为了建立"清瘟败毒颗粒"中盐酸小檗碱含量的高效液相色谱检测方法(high-per-formance liquid chromatography,HPLC),采用SB-C18柱(StableBond,4.6×150 mm,5μm),流动相:乙腈-0.05mol/L磷酸二氢钾溶液(50∶50),紫外检测波长为345nm,流速1.0mL/min,柱温30℃。在选择色谱条件下,盐酸小檗碱与辅料、溶剂及清瘟败毒颗粒中的其他成分的峰之间分离良好,在16.0～48.0μg/mL范围内峰面积与盐酸小檗碱含量直线关系(r2=1,n=6),平均回收率为99.09%。该方法简便、灵敏、可重复性好,可用于清瘟败毒颗粒的质量控制。 相似文献
5.
黄白口服液的质量控制研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为了制定黄白口服液质量标准,采用薄层色谱(TLC)法对组方中的黄连、金银花、黄芩、地榆炭进行定性鉴别;用高效液相色谱(HPLC)法对制剂中盐酸小檗碱和黄芩苷进行含量测定。结果TLC鉴别专属性强,重现性好;盐酸小檗碱线性范围在0.139~0.834 μg(R2＝0.9999),平均回收率为97.04%,RSD为0.97%(n＝6);黄芩苷线性范围0.235~1.41 μg(R2＝0.9999),平均回收率为97.64%,RSD为0.71%(n＝6)。对黄连、金银花、黄芩、地榆炭的定性鉴别及盐酸小檗碱和黄芩苷的含量测定可用来进行制剂的质量控制。 相似文献
6.
为完善七清败毒颗粒质量标准,采用高液相色谱法对七清败毒颗粒中黄芩苷的含量测定进行了研究。色谱柱为C18(4. 6 mm×250 mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇-水-磷酸(41∶59∶0. 2),检测波长为280 nm,流速为1 m L/min,柱温30℃,进样量10μL。黄芩苷进样浓度在0. 005～0. 12 mg/m L范围内,峰面积与黄芩苷含量呈良好的线性关系(r=0. 9991),样品平均回收率为99. 2%(n=6),RSD为1. 04%。该方法简便、准确度高、重复性好,为进一步控制七清败毒颗粒的质量标准提供了依据。 相似文献
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8.
建立一种四黄止痢颗粒中(R,S)-告依春、黄芩苷、盐酸小檗碱、甘草酸铵、大黄素5个指标性成分的HPLC测定方法,同时结合化学计量学评价四黄止痢颗粒的质量。采用Inertsil ODS-3-C18(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)色谱柱,以乙腈(A)-0.3%三氟乙酸水溶液(B)为流动相,梯度洗脱,流速1 mL·min-1,柱温30℃;采用波长切换检测(0~10 min,245 nm测定(R,S)-告依春;10~22 min,278 nm测定黄芩苷;22~25 min,266 nm测定盐酸小檗碱;25~30 min,249 nm测定甘草酸铵;30~45 min,254 nm测定大黄素)。采用聚类分析、偏最小二乘判别分析等方法对不同厂家的四黄止痢颗粒进行质量评价。(R,S)-告依春、黄芩苷、盐酸小檗碱、甘草酸铵、大黄素5个指标性成分在45 min内能够达到完全分离,进样浓度分别在0.071~0.71μg·mL-1、14.03~140.3μg·mL-1、3.11~31.1μg·mL-1、0.116~1.16μg·mL-1、0.0049~0.049μg·mL-1范围内线性关系良好;平均加样回收率分别为102.7%、99.3%、101.1%、98.0%、97.3%。20批四黄止痢颗粒聚为4类;小檗碱、(R,S)-告依春和大黄素是影响不同厂家四黄止痢颗粒质量贡献较大的3种成分。该方法稳定性好,重复性好,精密度高,可用于四黄止痢颗粒中5种指标成分的同时测定。 相似文献
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10.
采用RP—HPLC法测定双黄败毒颗粒中黄芩苷的含量。样品用70％乙醇超声处理，以C18为固定相，甲醇-水-磷酸（45：55：0．2）为流动相，280nm为检测波长，用HPLC法测定其中黄芩苷含量。黄芩苷的线性范围为0．16—0．96μg，r=0．9997（n=6），平均加样回收率为102．2％，RSD为1．57％（n=9）。 相似文献
11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。 相似文献
12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections
of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal
(GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April
2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs
located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming
areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology
laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum
columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying
degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal
abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy
season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different
nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those
observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes.
But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the
results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. 相似文献
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Tropical Animal Health and Production - 相似文献
14.
Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
15.
H Hayashi T Yoshimura J Y Chen 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1985,8(2):73-87
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed. 相似文献
16.
B. Cinar Kul N. Bilgen J.A. Lenstra O. Korkmaz Agaoglu B. Akyuz O. Ertugrul 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2015,132(6):449-453
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded. 相似文献
17.
Davis MS Willard MD Nelson SL Mandsager RE McKiernan BS Mansell JK Lehenbauer TW 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(3):311-314
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large. 相似文献
18.
Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
19.
Ling GV Thurmond MC Choi YK Franti CE Ruby AL Johnson DL 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):817-823
The objective of this report was to characterize 20-year changes in proportion of calcium oxalate (CaOx) calculi and struvite calculi in dogs, and associations with breed, age, and sex. In this retrospective study, results of analysis of urinary calculi from dogs were reviewed for specimens received between July 1, 1981, and December 31, 2001. Breed, sex, age, year of submission of the specimen, and mineral type(s) were analyzed statistically. CaOx or Struvite or both were contained in 18,966 of 20,884 (91%) specimens. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant increase was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained CaOx. The increase in this proportion was greater in females (1% to 31%) than in males (18% to 82%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions may have plateaued, the odds of specimens containing CaOx were markedly higher in 18 breeds, markedly lower in 5 breeds, and not significantly different in 13 breeds compared with crossbreds. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant decrease was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained struvite. This decrease in proportion was greater for males (79-16%) than for females (97-68%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions plateaued, the odds of calculi containing struvite were markedly lower in 20 breeds, markedly higher in 1 breed, and not significantly different in 15 breeds when compared with crossbreds. Breed, age, and sex were associated statistically with CaOx or struvite urolithiasis. In conclusion, there appears to have been a long-term increase in the proportion of specimens of canine urinary calculi that contain CaOx as well as a long-term decrease in the proportion of specimens of calculi that contain struvite for both male and female dogs. The rate of change appeared to begin leveling off in the period 1998 to 2001. The recent proportion of dogs with either CaOx- or struvite-associated urolithiasis may depend on breed, age, and sex, and on interactions among these 3 factors. 相似文献
20.
<正>1.INTRODUCTION Ensuring transportation network security is one Of the most daunting challenges confronting homeland security agencies today.Significant research has been dedicated.To model and analyze the vulnerability of transportation systems,while notably fewer studies propose specific strategies for deploying defensive technologies to safeguard these systems. 相似文献