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1.
北极狐出血性肠炎病原分离鉴定 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
从排血便为主要临床特征的濒死期育成北极狐肠内容物中分离到 ５ 株革兰氏阳性大杆菌，各株菌的 ３７℃ ８ 小时厌气肉肝汤纯培养上清液 ０２ｍ ｌ小鼠尾静脉注射，１２ 小时内 １００％ 死亡。生理生化鉴定证实分离菌为产气荚膜杆菌（ Ｂ．ａｅｒｏｇｅｎｅｓｃａｐｓｕｌａｔｕｓ）。血清定型结果表明，分离的 ５ 株菌均为 Ａ 型产气荚膜杆菌。以饲喂狐的变质鱼浸出液静脉注射小鼠引起死亡，并从该浸出液中也分离到 Ａ 型魏氏梭菌，证实该病的发生是饲料传播。 相似文献
2.
为治疗产气荚膜梭菌感染引起的疾病,研究制备了产气荚膜梭菌多价高效抗毒素血清。试验采用C、D型产气荚膜梭菌标准菌株,制备了高浓度外毒素和灭活疫苗,作为免疫原多次免疫绵羊,通过间接ELISA法监测绵羊抗体水平变化,采用小鼠中和试验检验绵羊抗毒素血清保护效果。结果表明:制备的高效价抗C、D型产气荚膜梭菌毒素血清每0.1 m L血清能中和400个C型毒素对小鼠的MLD和600个D型毒素MLD,有良好的应用前景。 相似文献
3.
试验旨在对宁夏一绵羊场疑似大肠杆菌与A型产气荚膜梭菌混合感染的死亡病例进行确诊并提出相应的防治方案。采用产气荚膜梭菌显色培养基及伊红美蓝固体培养基进行病原分离培养,对分离菌株进行16S rRNA基因序列PCR检测,依据16S rRNA序列构建分离株分子进化树;之后对大肠杆菌分离株毒素因子进行PCR检测,对产气荚膜梭菌分离株进行毒素分型鉴定。结果显示,分离株PCR检测获得了16S rRNA特异性条带;分子进化树结果显示,大肠杆菌分离菌株NXDC001与大肠杆菌在同一分支,产气荚膜梭菌分离菌株NXSJ001与产气荚膜梭菌在同一分支。大肠杆菌分离株检测出毒素因子HPI (irp2)及LEE (eae);产气荚膜梭菌分离株携带毒素因子cpa,证明分离株为A型产气荚膜梭菌。研究表明,试验成功分离鉴定大肠杆菌及A型产气荚膜梭菌各一株,证明病死羊为大肠杆菌及A型产气荚膜梭菌混合感染。 相似文献
4.
产气荚膜梭菌是引起犬猝死症的主要病原菌,目前临床上还没有预防犬猝死症的疫苗。本试验以分离自犬的A型产气荚膜梭菌为制苗菌株,首先对利用甲醛进行产气荚膜梭菌培养液脱毒的浓度和时间进行了优化,然后利用脱毒后的产气荚膜梭菌培养液对小鼠和犬进行免疫,并对不同佐剂(铝佐剂和油佐剂)和不同免疫途径(皮下注射和腹腔注射)的免疫效果进行评价。结果显示,产气荚膜梭菌灭活疫苗具有良好的免疫保护效果,免疫后小鼠体内可产生高水平的血清抗体,抗体效价最高可达6.25×104。产气荚膜梭菌铝胶灭活疫苗对犬具有良好的安全性,单次免疫(4mL/只)或2次免疫(2mL/只)均可产生良好的免疫保护效果(5/5)。结果表明,本试验制备的犬A型产气荚膜梭菌灭活疫苗可用于预防犬产气荚膜梭菌感染。 相似文献
5.
无菌采取内蒙古通辽市某羊场病死羊肠道内容物、肝脏和肺脏,进行细菌的分离培养。将从十二指肠内分离到的1株疑似致病菌株进行生化试验、小鼠致病性试验,再将其通过魏氏梭菌多重PCR试验、魏氏梭菌ELISA试验及16S rRNA PCR试验进行鉴定。将PCR产物进行测序并进行了16S rRNA基因的进化树分析。结果显示,经细菌生化试验、多重PCR试验、ELISA试验和16S rRNA试验均证实此分离株为A型产气荚膜梭菌;进化树分析显示该菌与序列号为HQ808749.1(美国)的A型产气荚膜梭菌遗传距离最近。结果表明,该羊病例所分离的致病菌为A型产气荚膜梭菌。 相似文献
6.
《中国兽医杂志》2020,(6)
为了对商品肉鸡梭菌性肠炎的发病情况进行调查,本试验对收集的不同养殖模式的具有肠炎症状的肉鸡肠道内容物进行了产气荚膜梭菌的分离鉴定、活菌计数、菌株毒素类型鉴定以及动物试验,并对其中的43株分离株进行了药敏试验,同时也对不同宿主来源的14株产气荚膜梭菌进行了16S rRNA基因的同源性分析。结果显示,患病鸡肠道分离到的产气荚膜梭菌均为A型且肠道内容物活菌数量达10~6CFU/g以上;动物试验结果显示,攻毒菌液上清的小鼠在观察期内死亡并表现出明显的坏死性肠炎症状;药敏试验结果表明,不同来源菌株耐药性存在差异;同源性分析发现,不同宿主来源的14株产气荚膜梭菌无明显宿主特异性。本试验结果可为临床肉鸡梭菌性肠炎的了解及防治提供一定的参考价值。 相似文献
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8.
为探究海南霉素对产气荚膜梭菌的敏感性,在某大型养鸡场采集了209份鸡肠道样本,采用选择性培养基和MALDI-TOF质谱仪微生物鉴定仪鉴定,并对鉴定的菌株进行分型。采用琼脂稀释法测定了海南霉素、恩拉霉素、盐霉素、丁酸甘油酯对临床分离的产气荚膜梭菌的抗菌活性,以期为当前限抗禁抗后养殖场选择合适的药物控制产气荚膜梭菌提供理论依据。试验结果表明：共分离出61株产气荚膜梭菌,分离率为29.2%;通过多重PCR对所分离的产气荚膜梭菌进行分型,结果分离株均为A型产气荚膜梭菌;4种药物均有不同程度的抑菌效果,其中海南霉素与恩拉霉素对鸡源产气荚膜梭菌的抑菌效果最好,且MIC值范围均为0.004～0.06μg/mL。海南霉素具有很好的抗梭菌效果。 相似文献
9.
从新疆维吾尔自治区某牛场采集的3份疑似出血性肠炎病料中分离到8株产气荚膜梭菌,用PCR扩增保守基因16SrRNA,并进行序列测定和同源性分析,再通过多重PCR方法扩增型特异性基因进行分离菌株的分型鉴定。结果显示,所分离的8株产气荚膜梭菌之间16S rRNA基因同源型为100%,与GenBank参比序列同源性在99.8%以上,确定为产气荚膜梭菌。遗传进化分析表明,本次分离的8株产气荚膜梭菌之间拥有共同起源,但与所用的参考菌株分属不同来源。多重PCR扩增结果显示,8株菌株均为产气荚膜梭菌A型。 相似文献
10.
利用细菌培养、生化鉴定、小鼠致病性试验、PCR技术等方法对西藏那曲市多起牦牛猝死病例进行诊断和分析。结果表明,从病死牦牛脏器中分离得到3株产气荚膜梭菌,命名为AD-01、AD-02和BG-01。其中AD-01和AD-02分离株属于A型,BG-01分离株属于C型。通过对分离株16S rRNA进行序列比对并制作进化树分析发现,AD-01和AD-02分离株为A型产气荚膜梭菌,与中国近年来报道的分离菌株遗传距离较远,属于完全独立的一个分支;同时药敏试验结果显示AD-01、AD-02分离株与BG-01分离株的药敏试验结果有一定差异,产生此现象的原因需进一步研究。本试验成功分离到3株牦牛源产气荚膜梭菌,为牦牛产气荚膜梭菌病的预防和控制提供了理论依据。 相似文献
11.
Serologic and molecular evidence of coinfection with multiple vector-borne pathogens in dogs from Thailand 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Suksawat J Xuejie Y Hancock SI Hegarty BC Nilkumhang P Breitschwerdt EB 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(5):453-462
Forty-nine dogs from Thailand were evaluated for serologic evidence of exposure or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) evidence of infection with vectorborne pathogens, including Ehrlichia sp. (Ehrlichia canis, Ehrlichia chaffeensis, Ehrlichia equi, and Ehrlichia risticii), Bartonella vinsonii subsp. berkhoffi (Bvb), spotted fever group (SFG) rickettsiae (Rickettsia rickettsii), Typhus group (TG) rickettsiae (Rickettsia canada, Rickettsia prowazekii, and Rickettsia typhi), and Babesia sp. (Babesia canis and Babesia gibsonii). All study dogs had at least 1 of 3 entry criteria: fever, anemia, or thrombocytopenia. By immunofluorescence antibody (IFA) testing, seroreactivity was most prevalent to E chaffeensis (74%) and E canis (71%) antigens, followed by E equi (58%), Bvb (38%), E risticii (38%), R prowazekii (24%), B canis (20%), R rickettsii (12%), R canada (4%), and B gibsonii (4%) antigens. There was 100% concordance between E canis IFA and Western blot immunoassay (WI) for 35 of 35 samples; 2 samples were IFA and WI reactive only to E equi antigens. By PCR amplification, 10 dogs were found to be infected with E canis, 5 with Ehrlichia platys, and 3 with B canis. Sequencing of PCR products was undertaken to compare Ehrlichia strains from Thailand to strains originating from the United States. Partial DNA sequence analysis confirmed infection with E canis and E platys, with identical 16S rRNA sequence alignment to E canis (U26740) and to E platys (M83801), as reported in GenBank. Partial E canis P28.1 and P28.2 amino acid sequences from Thai dogs were divergent from analogous sequences derived from North American E canis (AF082744) strains, suggesting that the Thai dogs were infected with a geographically distinct strain of E canis compared to North American strains. The results of this study indicate that dogs in Thailand have substantial exposure to vectorborne diseases and that coinfection with these pathogens may be common. 相似文献
12.
Nomura R Shirai M Kato Y Murakami M Nakano K Hirai N Mizusawa T Naka S Yamasaki Y Matsumoto-Nakano M Ooshima T Asai F 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2012,74(7):885-891
Porphyromonas gulae, a gram-negative black-pigmented anaerobe, is a pathogen for periodontitis in dogs. An approximately 41-kDa fimbrial subunit protein (FimA) encoded by fimA is regarded as associated with periodontitis. In the present study, the fimA genes of 17 P. gulae strains were sequenced, and classified into two major types. The generation of phylogenetic trees based on the deduced amino acid sequence of FimA of P. gulae strains along with sequences from several strains of Porphyromonas gingivalis, a major cause of human periodontitis, revealed that the two types of FimA (types A and B) of P. gulae were similar to type I FimA and types II and III FimA of P. gingivalis, respectively. A PCR system for classification was established based on differences in the nucleotide sequences of the fimA genes. Analysis of 115 P. gulae-positive oral swab specimens from dogs revealed that 42.6%, 22.6%, and 26.1% of them contained type A, type B, and both type A and B fimA genes, respectively. Experiments with a mouse abscess model demonstrated that the strains with type B fimA caused significantly greater systemic inflammation than those with type A. These results suggest that the FimA proteins of P. gulae are diverse with two major types and that strains with type B fimA could be more virulent. 相似文献
13.
Hyun-Kyu CHO Yoon-Joo SHIN Nam-Shik SHIN Joon-Seok CHAE 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2020,82(11):1685
The field distribution of the oral rabies vaccine is effective in controlling the spread of rabies. The present study aimed to investigate efficient distribution locations based on the environment, contact rate, and consumption by target wildlife species in South Korea. The target species (Korean raccoon dogs, domestic dogs, and feral cats) accounted for 945 contacts (52.2%), in total 1,808 contacts. There were 863 (47.8%) contacts by non-target species. Raccoon dogs, a main reservoir of rabies in South Korea, had the highest contact rate (34.1%) among all species. The contact rate by target species was highest at riparian sites and bushy mountainous vegetation, where raccoon dogs are abundant. There was remarkable contact by raccoon dogs in mountainous areas below 150 m with bushy vegetation. Our results indicate that these locations are efficient areas for vaccine distribution, especially targeting the raccoon dog. Vaccines were continuously contacted with intervals ranging from one hour to one day. Vaccines at 94.4% of the distribution points were completely consumed within two weeks. The mean consumption rate was 95.2 ± 1.93% during the overall study period. These findings suggest that the oral rabies vaccine attracts wildlife including domestic dogs and feral cats. Our results suggest that low sections of mountainous areas with bushy vegetation and/or neighboring riparian areas are rich in target wildlife species (especially raccoon dogs) and are efficient locations for vaccine distribution to control rabies in South Korea. 相似文献
14.
本试验旨在研究日粮中添加铜对冬毛期雄性乌苏里貉毛皮品质、脏器指数、血清生化指标及相关基因表达的影响。随机选取体重相近的雄性乌苏里貉105只,采用单因子试验设计,随机分为7组,每组15个重复,每个重复1只。分别饲喂添加蛋氨酸铜为0（对照组）、30（Ⅰ组）、45（Ⅱ组）、60（Ⅲ组）、75（Ⅳ组）、90（Ⅴ组）和200 mg·kg-1（Ⅵ组）的试验日粮,预饲期7 d,正式期60 d。试验结束后每组选择8只乌苏里貉采血、屠宰,检测毛皮长、铜蓝蛋白酶活性、超氧化物酶活性及肝中相关基因表达的测定。结果表明：1）铜添加水平对貉的体长、鲜皮长、针毛长与针毛细度有显著影响（P<0.05）,对鲜皮重、绒毛长与绒毛细度没有显著影响。2）日粮铜添加水平对乌苏里貉的心脏指数、肝脏指数、肾脏指数与脾脏指数没有显著影响。3）随着铜水平的升高,血清葡萄糖（glucose,GLU）含量也随之升高（P<0.05）,不同铜添加剂量对血清中乳糖脱氢酶（lactic dehydrogenase,LDH）、天门冬酸氨基转移酶（aspartate aminotransferase,AST）与丙氨酸氨基转移酶（alanine aminotransferase,ALT）活性有显著影响（P<0.05）,使血清铜蓝蛋白（ceruloplasmin,CER）、总超氧化物歧化酶（Total superoxide dismutase,T-SOD）与铜锌超氧化物歧化酶（copper and zinc superoxide dismutase,Cu-Zn SOD）的活性先升高后趋于稳定（P<0.05）。4）日粮不同铜添加水平对肝的CER、Cu-Zn SOD、生长激素受体（Growth hormone receptor,GHR）与胰岛素生长因子I （insulin-like growth factor 1,IGF-1）基因表达有显著影响,90与200 mg·kg-1组的肝CER和Cu-Zn SOD基因表达水平显著高于30 mg·kg-1组,30 mg·kg-1组肝CER和Cu-Zn SOD基因表达水平显著高于未添加组（P<0.05）。90 mg·kg-1的肝GHR和IGF-1基因表达水平显著高于未添加组（P<0.05）。饲粮中铜添加水平为60~75 mg·kg-1时,貉的毛皮品质最佳;血清中CER和Cu-Zn SOD的酶活不会随着铜水平的变化而显著变化;血清中AST、ALT和LDH的酶活没有显著变化;此外,还提高了肝内GHR和IGF-1基因的表达量,促进貉生长。结合以上测定指标,建议貉的饲粮中铜添加含量为60~75 mg·kg-1。 相似文献
15.
Bussadori C DeMadron E Santilli RA Borgarelli M 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(6):553-558
Case records of 30 dogs in which valvular pulmonic stenosis (PS) was treated by balloon dilation were reviewed retrospectively. Physical examination, thoracic radiographs, 9-lead ECG, echocardiography, and Doppler studies were performed in all dogs. Two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography were repeated after 24 h and 1 year after treatment. Dogs were divided into 2 groups based on their valvular anatomy on echocardiography and aortic:pulmonary ratio: 18 had type A PS with normal annulus diameter and aortic:pulmonary ratio < or = 1.2, and 12 had type B PS with pulmonary annulus hypoplasia and aortic:pulmonary ratio > 1.2. Most dogs in the type B group were brachycephalic and had no poststenotic dilatation on thoracic radiographs. Of the dogs with type A stenosis, 100% survived valvuloplasty with resolution of clinical signs. At 1-year follow-up, 94.4% were still alive and remained asymptomatic. Of those with type B stenosis, 66.6% had favorable outcome postvalvuloplasty. At 1-year follow-up, 66.6% of dogs were alive, and resolution of clinical signs was obtained in 50%. This study revealed the immediate and long-term efficacy of balloon valvuloplasty in dogs with PS. 相似文献
16.
为了调查鸡群中禽偏肺病毒（aMPV）的流行情况,本研究从江苏、辽宁、河南、山东、河北等地有肿头症状的鸡群中取其鼻甲骨和鼻黏液进行 RT-PCR 检测,随机选取9株 PCR 阳性产物对其 F 基因进行序列测定与遗传进化分析。结果表明,280份病料中检出阳性样品142份,阳性检出率达50．7％;9个试验毒株之间 F 基因同源性为99．4％～100％,与 B 型 aMPV 代表株的同源性为97．7％～99．9％,而与 A 型、C型和 D 型 aMPV 代表株的同源性为71．9％～79．4％;由遗传进化树可见,这9株 aMPV 均属于 B 型分支。说明我国鸡群中目前存在 aMPV 感染,B 型毒株是优势流行基因型,从而为禽偏肺病毒疫苗的开发提供了流行病学资料。 相似文献
17.
Mayor D Korczak BM Christensen H Bisgaard M Frey J Kuhnert P 《Veterinary microbiology》2006,116(1-3):194-201
Strains of [Actinobacillus] rossii, [Pasteurella] mairii and [Pasteurella] aerogenes can be isolated from abortion in swine. The RTX toxin Pax has previously been found only in those [P.] aerogenes strains isolated from abortion. Nothing is known about RTX toxins in field isolates of the other two species. To gain insight into the distribution of selected RTX toxin genes and their association with abortion, PCR screening for the pax, apxII and apxIII operons on 21 [A.] rossii and seven [P.] mairii isolates was done. Since species can be phenotypically misidentified, the study was backed up by a phylogenetic analysis of all strains based on 16S rRNA, rpoB and infB genes. The pax gene was detected in all [P.] mairii but not in [A.] rossii strains. No apx genes were found in [P.] mairii but different gene combinations for apx were detected in [A.] rossii strains. Most of these strains were positive for apxIII, either alone or in combination with apxII. Whereas pax was found to be associated to strains from abortion no such indication could be found with apx in [A.] rossii strains. Phylogenetically [A.] rossii strains formed a heterogeneous cluster separated from Actinobacillus sensu stricto. [P.] mairii strains clustered with [P.] aerogenes but forming a separate branch. The fact that [P.] aerogenes, [P.] mairii and [A.] rossii can phylogenetically clearly be identified and might contain distinct RTX toxin genes allows their proper diagnosis and will further help to investigate their role as pathogens. 相似文献
18.
Siarkou VI Mylonakis ME Bourtzi-Hatzopoulou E Koutinas AF 《Veterinary microbiology》2007,125(3-4):304-312
The purpose of this study was to characterize, at the molecular level, the Ehrlichia canis strains involved in naturally occurring canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (CME) in Greece, and to investigate if any sequence diversity exists between the 16S rRNA genes of those involved in the mild non-myelosuppressive or the severe myelosuppressive form of CME. To this end, amplification of the ehrlichial 16S rRNA gene was attempted by nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays in bone marrow (BM) aspirates from 20 dogs tentatively diagnosed as having non-myelosuppressive (n=10, group A) or myelosuppressive (n=10, group B) CME. PCR assay using E. canis-specific primers revealed that 15 BM samples, including all group A and 5 group B dogs, were positive. Using universal PCR primers, a nearly full-length 16S rRNA gene could be amplified from 13 BM samples, including 9 group A and 4 group B dogs. The 16S rDNA analysis based on secondary structure revealed that all sequences of the Greek strains were identical to each other and indicated 100% identity among some American (Venezuelan and Brazilian), European (Greek), Middle Eastern (Turkish) and Asiatic (Thailand) strains. The results of this study suggest that the E. canis strains involved in the non-myelosuppressive and myelosuppressive forms of CME in Greece share an identical 16S rRNA genotype. 相似文献
19.
Cai Y Gao J Wang X Chai T Zhang X Duan H Jiang S Zucker BA Schlenker G 《DTW. Deutsche tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2008,115(8):292-4, 296-7
Four hundred and twenty intestinal content samples (not including intestinal tissues) of freshwater fishes (60 silver carps, 100 carps, 100 crucian carps, 60 catfishes and 100 zaieuws) caught from one water reservoir were examined bacteriologically for the occurrence of C. perfringens. Isolates were examined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for genes encoding the four lethal toxins (alpha, beta, epsilon and iota) for classification into toxin types and for genes encoding enterotoxin and the novel beta2 toxin for further subclassification. C. perfringens could be isolated in 75 intestinal contents samples (17.9%) from freshwater fish including: 13 silver carps, 2 carps, 12 crucian carps, 40 zaieuws, and 8 catfishes. In 75 isolates, 58 strains (77.3%) were C. perfringens toxin type C (alpha and beta toxin positive), 13 strains (17.3%) were toxin type A (alpha toxin positive) and 4 strains (5.3%) were toxin type B (alpha, beta and epsilon toxin positive). In addition, the gene encoding for beta2 toxin was found in 47 strains (62.7%) of all the isolates, seven from type A, two from type B, and 38 from type C. The gene encoding for enterotoxin was not found in any isolate. These amplified toxin gene fragment were cloned and sequenced and compared with reference strains, the identity varied from 98.15% to 99.29%. This is the first report of C. perfringens alpha, beta, epsilon, beta2 toxins in freshwater fish and of beta, epsilon toxins in fish in general, and is the first discovery that the beta2 toxin could be detected in strains of type B. The origin of this bacterium and its importance to human food poisoning in freshwater fish is discussed. 相似文献