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我们采用我省猪群中分离获得的O8、O9、O149、O157血清型菌株混合,经甲醛灭活,以氢氧化铝为佐剂,按一定比例配制成含10亿个/mL的大肠杆菌病(本地株)多价灭活苗。应用试验研究表明,该大肠杆菌病(本地株)多价灭活苗对仔猪的保护率达96.13%,可以显著减少仔猪的发病和死亡。 相似文献
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我国部分地区禽致病性大肠杆菌的分离鉴定与药敏试验 总被引:15,自引:2,他引:15
从山东、河南、江苏、辽宁、河北、广西等10余个省、市、自治区临诊上有典型大肠杆菌病病变的病禽2000多只采集病料,分离培养和鉴定出504株大肠杆菌。其中126株,经O血清型鉴定,除18株未能定型,7株自凝外,共鉴定出101个分离株的O血清型,这些分离株覆盖了31个血清型,但以O78、O2、O45、O109、O18、O8/O93、O107、O53、O154等10个血清型为主,共53株,占定型菌株的52.3%,前5种血清型在种类上只占定型菌株血清型的总数的16.1%,却拥有38个分离株,占定型菌株的37.6%。因此,可以认定O2、O78、O45、O109、O18等5个血清型为优势血清型。另外,融合株6个,占定型菌株5.9%,其中,O1/O154、O2/O86、O8/O93、O2/O78、O107/O154、O53/O80、O35/O107/O154、O4/O18/O142等为首次分离报道。药敏试验结果表明:82%的菌株对丁胺卡那霉素高敏,65%的菌株对头孢氨苄高敏,63%的菌株对壮观霉素高敏,50%的菌株对左旋氧氟沙星高敏,38%的菌株对新霉素和庆大霉素高敏。 相似文献
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对鸡大肠杆菌进行分离鉴定,分离出的56株大肠杆菌中,共鉴定出47株菌株的血清型,分属O1、O2、O5、O35、O78、O1116种不同O抗原血清型,占分离菌株的83.9%。其中O1、O2、O78、O111最常见,占已定型菌株83%。同时,进行了药敏试验,为药物防治提供依据。 相似文献
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动物性食品源大肠杆菌O血清型鉴定及其K88菌毛基因检测 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本研究对河北省冀东地区农贸市场和超市采集的生猪肉、生鸡蛋和生羊肉等分离得到的20株大肠杆菌进行大肠杆菌血清型鉴定;并检测不同血清型大肠杆菌的K88菌毛基因。采用常规方法进行大肠杆菌的O血清型鉴定,用PCR方法检测K88菌毛基因。分离鉴定的20株大肠杆菌有7种血清型,包括O38、O78、O88、O11、O107、O91、O9,其中O38、O78为优势血清型菌,均占分离菌株的25%(5/20)。在分离的动物性食品源大肠杆菌中有30%(6/20)的菌株K88菌毛基因扩增呈阳性。结果表明,O78、O38为冀东地区动物性食品源大肠杆菌常见血清型,30%(6/20)的菌株K88菌毛基因扩增阳性。 相似文献
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鸡源大肠杆菌的血清型分布与耐药性监测 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对180株鸡源大肠杆菌分离菌株进行O血清型鉴定,鉴定出171个分离菌株的O血清型40种,占分离菌株的95%,其中O36血清型的菌株最多,有40株,占定型菌株的23.9%,为优势血清型菌株。采用微量稀释法药敏试验监测了180株鸡源大肠杆菌分离菌株对20种抗菌药物的耐药性,结果表明,除头孢曲松、头孢氨噻肟、头孢噻呋、阿米卡星、氟苯尼考外,分离菌株对其余15种抗生素均呈现出不同程度的耐药性,其中,172株大肠杆菌分离菌株对两种或多种抗生素有耐药性,对萘啶酸的耐药率最高(93.3%),其次是四环素(88.9%)、氨苄青霉素(72.8%)、阿莫西林(7l、7%)、罗比沙星(64.4%)、沙拉沙星(62.8%)。大多数分离株对氟喹诺酮类药物有很高的耐药率(52.9%~93.3%),并表现出多重耐药性,124株分离株表现为对2种以上氟喹诺酮类药物的耐药性。 相似文献
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近年来,从华东地区患腹泻仔猪中分离到一些表达K88菌毛的大肠杆菌,这些菌株只与K88a因子单抗反应,而不与b、c、d因子单抗反应。通过K88常规血清交叉吸收试验、SDS-PAGE、Western印迹,表明这些菌株不仅与K88ac参考菌株C83907制备的c因子血清反应,而且与以分离株SEC586制备且经K88ab、K88ac、K88ad参考菌株吸收后的血清也反应。对分离株SEC586、SEC464的K88主要亚单位结构基因faeG的克隆、测序,发现该基因由846对核苷酸组成,编码菌毛主要亚单位的262个氨基酸及21个氨基酸的信号肽,比国外报道的K88ac FaeG亚单位(263个氨基酸)少了1个氨基酸,比K88ab、K88ad(265个氨基酸)少了3个氨基酸。SEC586、SEC464菌株的FaeG亚单位氨基酸序列的同源性为97.7%,它们与K88ac的同源性为94.7%和96.2%;与K88ab的同源性为90.1%和91.2%;与K88ad的同源性为87.0%和88,6%。结果表明,新分离的K88ac大肠杆菌黏附素主要亚单位已发生了部分变异。 相似文献
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禽病原性大肠杆菌1型菌毛主要亚单位结构基因的克隆、测序与表达 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
从禽源大肠杆菌037(O78)、166(O78)、120(O18)分离株和猪源大肠杆菌107/86分离株分别提取基因组DNA,并以此为聚合酶链反应(Polymerase chain reaction,PCR)的模板,扩增上述分离株的1型菌毛主要亚单位结构基因pilA,通过其编码的主要菌毛亚单位FimA蛋白氨基酸的序列比较发现:3个禽源株间FimA的同源性为94.3%至99.0%;禽源株和猪源株间FimA的同源性为89.6%至91.1%。通过对重组大肠杆菌的菌体裂解物的SDS-PAGE电泳分析及Western blot分析,禽源大肠杆菌O78 037株、O18 120株出现了一致的强反应,O78 166株反应较弱,而猪源大肠杆菌107/86株反应最弱。这些结果表明:禽源大肠杆菌与猪源大肠杆菌1型菌毛间存在抗原多样性,这种多样性甚至出现在禽病原性大肠杆菌同一血清型的2个不同分离株之间,如O78 037株O78 166株之间,尽管其FimA氨基酸的同源性很高,为99.0%。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献
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Billinghurst RC Brama PA van Weeren PR Knowlton MS McIlwraith CW 《American journal of veterinary research》2004,65(2):143-150
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether serum concentrations of biomarkers of skeletal metabolism can, in conjunction with radiographic evaluation, indicate severity of osteochondrosis in developing horses. ANIMALS: 43 Dutch Warmblood foals with varying severity of osteochondrosis. PROCEDURE: 24 foals were monitored for 5 months and 19 foals were monitored for 11 months. Monthly radiographs of femoropatellar-femorotibial and tibio-tarsal joints were graded for osteochondral abnormalities. Serial blood samples were assayed for 8 cartilage and bone biomarkers. At the end of the monitoring period, foals were examined for macroscopic osteochondrosis lesions. RESULTS: Temporal relationships were evident between certain serum biomarkers and osteochondrosis severity in foals during their first year. Biomarkers of collagen degradation (collagenase-generated neoepitopes of type-II collagen fragments, type-I and -II collagen fragments [COL2-3/4C(short)], and cross-linked telopeptide fragments of type-I collagen) and bone mineralization (osteocalcin) were positive indicators of osteochondrosis severity at 5 months of age. In foals with lesions at 11 months of age, osteochondrosis severity correlated negatively with COL2-3/4C(short) and osteocalcin and positively with C-propeptide of type-II procollagen (CPII), a collagen synthesis marker. Radiographic grading of osteochondrosis lesions significantly correlated with macroscopic osteochondrosis severity score at both ages and was strongest when combined with osteocalcin at 5 months and CPII at 11 months. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The ability of serum biomarkers to indicate osteochondrosis severity appears to depend on stage of disease and is strengthened with radiography. In older foals with more permanent lesions, osteochondrosis severity is significantly related to biomarker concentrations of decreased bone formation and increased cartilage synthesis. 相似文献