共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 171 毫秒
1.
为了筛选出生产性能与营养品质表现优良的无芒雀麦(Bromus inermis)种质材料,测量和分析了国内外16份无芒雀麦种质资源生产性能和营养品质的相关指标,并运用聚类分析、灰色关联度分析进行综合评价。结果表明：不同无芒雀麦种质材料之间生产性能与营养品质差异显著(P < 0.05),其中Q6、Q8、Q2的鲜草产量与Q16、Q4的干草产量显著高于其他种质材料(P < 0.05),可作为追求产草量的基础材料利用;Q16粗蛋白含量高,中性洗涤纤维含量低,牧草消化率高,营养品质好;Q2、Q4、Q10、Q14叶茎比显著高于其他种质材料(P < 0.05)。聚类分析将16份种质材料聚为4类,聚类结果与原产地关系较小。根据灰色关联度分析,叶茎比、干草产量、粗灰分、粗蛋白在无芒雀麦生产性能与营养品质综合评价系统中权重最大,可作为无芒雀麦品种评价和筛选时的关键性状;Q6、Q4、Q10、Q16、Q2、Q8与理想品系关联系数最大,综合表现最好,可为无芒雀麦品种改良和新品种培育提供基础材料。 相似文献
2.
不同混播方式豆禾混播草地生产性能的综合评价 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对红豆草、紫花苜蓿、红三叶、鸭茅、无芒雀麦和猫尾草6种豆禾牧草在混播种类为混3-1(鸭茅、无芒雀麦和紫花苜蓿混播)、混3-2(鸭茅、无芒雀麦和红豆草混播)、混4-1(鸭茅、无芒雀麦和紫花苜蓿、红三叶混播)、混4-2(鸭茅、无芒雀麦和紫花苜蓿、红豆草混播)、混5-1(鸭茅、无芒雀麦、猫尾草和紫花苜蓿、红三叶混播)、混5-2(鸭茅、无芒雀麦、猫尾草和紫花苜蓿、红豆草混播)和混6(6种豆禾牧草混播)与混播比例为豆禾比5∶5,4∶6和3∶7条件下建立的混播草地连续2年的生产性能进行了灰色关联度分析,并建立了包含牧草产量、牧草营养品质、种间相容性和群落稳定性在内的生产性能评价模型。结果表明,混6组合具有较高生产性能,且高于其他混播种类组合,而不同混播比例组合生产性能相差不大;根据各混播组合的生产性能,可将21个混播组合分为3类,生态稳定型(混6)种间相容性、群落稳定性及产量均较高,适宜长期持续利用;产量型(混5-2、混4-2和混3-2)产量较高,牧草品质较差,特别是叶茎比较低,适宜放养耐粗饲牲畜;营养品质型(混5-1、混4-1和混3-1)产量较低,牧草营养品质较高,特别是具较高叶茎比,适宜放养对牧草品质要求较高牲畜。 相似文献
3.
为选育适宜青藏高原地区种植的高产稳产无芒雀麦(Bromus inermis-Leyss.)种质资源，缓解青藏高原地区草畜供需矛盾突出问题，促进高寒区生态环境治理，本研究以饲草高产为前提，利用隶属函数分析法，对国内外13份无芒雀麦种质资源主要农艺性状进行两年生产性能评价，并将筛选后优异资源进行草层结构、物质分配、营养品质分析，以探究其优异共性。结果表明：13份无芒雀麦种质资源中，B01,B09,B12,B13干草产量及综合性状表现最佳，可作为培育高产稳产牧草种质资源的优良牧草；其中B01,B09株型较矮，适宜天然草场补播利用，B12营养品质好，可以用来提高无芒雀麦适口性，B13两年累计产量最高、叶量最大，适宜作为追求产草量的优良牧草利用，且在日后栽培育种中，应重点关注无芒雀表株高、分蘖能力及根部特性，从而提高干草产量。本研究为青藏高原地区高产稳产无芒雀麦种质资源亲本选育提供理论参考。 相似文献
4.
5.
为筛选出适宜甘肃陇西半干旱山区种植的优良燕麦(Avena sativa)品种及最佳播期,本文研究了7个燕麦品种在4个播期(5月6日、5月16日、5月26日、6月5日)的生产性能和营养品质,并运用灰色关联度和聚类分析进行了综合评价。结果表明：播期和品种互作对燕麦的干草产量、种子产量和饲草品质具有极显著影响(P < 0.01)。28个处理相比较,5月26日种植的‘梦龙’干草产量最高,为13 550.80 kg·hm?2;6月5日种植的‘莫妮卡’种子产量最高,为2 147.31 kg·hm?2;5月26日种植的‘青燕1号’粗蛋白含量最高,为6.94%。利用干草产量、粗蛋白含量、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维和可溶性糖含量的相对值进行灰色关联度综合评价得出,5月6日种植的‘陇燕3号’综合表现最好,其次是5月26日种植的‘梦龙’。通过系统聚类将28个处理根据干草产量、种子产量、饲草粗蛋白含量聚为四大类。综上,在陇西半干旱山区选择适宜的播期种植可提高燕麦产量和营养品质,是适宜该地区燕麦草地的管理措施。 相似文献
6.
本研究在拉萨地区以16个燕麦（Avena sativa）引进品种作为研究对象，利用常规分析方法对干草产量、株高、茎粗、叶茎比、旗叶长、旗叶宽、粗蛋白（Crude Protein，CP）含量、粗脂肪（Ether Extract，EE）含量和相对饲草品质（Relative Feed Quality，RFQ）值进行测定分析，采用灰色关联度评价方法进行综合评价，以期筛选出适宜拉萨地区种植的燕麦种质。结果表明：爱沃的干草产草量和叶茎比最高，分别为10 371.57 kg·hm-2和0.5，甜燕麦的株高最高，达到138.13 cm，贝勒2茎粗、旗叶长、旗叶宽最高，分别为7.11 mm，36.49 cm，10.04 mm，白燕7号EE含量最高，为2.45%，魅力CP最高，为9.19%，牧王RFQ最高，为165.86。灰色关联度分析法综合分析结果表明，贝勒2、牧王、爱沃和甜燕麦4个品种在生产性能和营养品质上表现良好，适宜作为牧草在拉萨地区进行推广种植。 相似文献
7.
8.
无芒雀麦农艺性状与产量形成关系的多重分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过遗传参数估算、相关分析、主成分分析、逐步回归分析和通径分析等多种方法,综合分析无芒雀麦农艺性状与产量形成的关系。结果表明,无芒雀麦各性状变异丰富,变异系数介于7.75%~19.15%之间;茎节数、基部茎长、花序长、小穗数、旗叶宽、旗叶叶鞘长、倒二叶长、倒二叶宽和倒二叶叶鞘长遗传力达65%以上,遗传进度达15%以上,遗传稳定性较高,在育种选择中应用效果较好;多元逐步回归和通径分析表明,茎节数、基部茎长、穗下茎长、倒二叶长和倒二叶叶鞘长对干草产量具有较高的直接效应,小穗数、旗叶宽、倒二叶长、花序长和倒二叶宽对种子产量具有较高的直接效应;主成分分析筛选出Q2、Q4、Q6和Q8共4份高产种质材料,4份材料的平均干草产量达13.06t/hm 2,种子产量达1.62t/hm 2。综合分析表明,茎节数、基部茎长、花序长、小穗数、旗叶宽、倒二叶长、倒二叶宽和倒二叶叶鞘长具有较高的遗传稳定性,与无芒雀麦产量形成关系密切,可作为筛选高产无芒雀麦种质材料的鉴定性状;材料Q2、Q4、Q6和Q8综合性状较好,可作为培育优良品种的亲本材料。 相似文献
9.
为筛选出适宜甘德高县寒地区种植的优良燕麦(Avena sativa)品种及其最佳播期,研究了7个燕麦品种4个播期(2020年5月23日、5月30日、6月6日、6月13日)的生产性能和营养品质,并运用灰色关联度和聚类分析进行了综合评价.结果 表明:5月30日播种的梦龙干草产量最高,为20022 kg/hm2,莫妮卡次之,为19835 kg/hm2,5月30日播种的陇燕3号粗蛋白含量最高,为5.57％.随着播期推迟,7个燕麦品种分蘖数呈先增加后减小趋势,茎基直径逐渐减小.利用干草产量、粗蛋白含量、中性洗涤纤维含量、酸性洗涤纤维含量和可溶性糖含量的相对值进行灰色关联度综合评价得出,在甘德县高寒地区,5月23日种植的青海444综合表现最优,其次是5月30日种植的青引2号.通过聚类分析将其分为干草产量高、干草产量低、粗蛋白含量高、粗蛋白含量低4大类. 相似文献
10.
为青藏高原高寒地区筛选出适宜种植推广的无芒雀麦种用型资源,对已筛选出饲草产量高的14份无芒雀麦在青海省海北州西海镇分别从籽粒产量、营养成分和种子活力进行评价,为青藏高原饲草兼种用型无芒雀麦品种选育提供理论依据。结果表明：除B10外,其余材料2年间的种子产量均存在显著差异(P<0.05);B14的两年累计种子产量表现最高,为8314.99 kg/hm2。从无芒雀麦各材料产量与产量性状相关性分析结果来看,单序籽粒数、有效分蘖、单序籽粒重和小穗宽与种子产量显著正相关(P<0.05),其中有效分蘖与种子产量间的正相关性最大,且其对种子产量增产的直接效应最大,可作为种用型无芒雀麦种子产量评价的关键性状。综合以上生产性能、营养品质和种子活力,以B14、B13和B10,3份无芒雀麦资源总体表现较好,适合于青藏高原高寒区推广种植。 相似文献
11.
12.
魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
13.
14.
本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
15.
REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
16.
17.
18.
Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
19.
乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献
20.
Billinghurst RC Brama PA van Weeren PR Knowlton MS McIlwraith CW 《American journal of veterinary research》2004,65(2):143-150
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether serum concentrations of biomarkers of skeletal metabolism can, in conjunction with radiographic evaluation, indicate severity of osteochondrosis in developing horses. ANIMALS: 43 Dutch Warmblood foals with varying severity of osteochondrosis. PROCEDURE: 24 foals were monitored for 5 months and 19 foals were monitored for 11 months. Monthly radiographs of femoropatellar-femorotibial and tibio-tarsal joints were graded for osteochondral abnormalities. Serial blood samples were assayed for 8 cartilage and bone biomarkers. At the end of the monitoring period, foals were examined for macroscopic osteochondrosis lesions. RESULTS: Temporal relationships were evident between certain serum biomarkers and osteochondrosis severity in foals during their first year. Biomarkers of collagen degradation (collagenase-generated neoepitopes of type-II collagen fragments, type-I and -II collagen fragments [COL2-3/4C(short)], and cross-linked telopeptide fragments of type-I collagen) and bone mineralization (osteocalcin) were positive indicators of osteochondrosis severity at 5 months of age. In foals with lesions at 11 months of age, osteochondrosis severity correlated negatively with COL2-3/4C(short) and osteocalcin and positively with C-propeptide of type-II procollagen (CPII), a collagen synthesis marker. Radiographic grading of osteochondrosis lesions significantly correlated with macroscopic osteochondrosis severity score at both ages and was strongest when combined with osteocalcin at 5 months and CPII at 11 months. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The ability of serum biomarkers to indicate osteochondrosis severity appears to depend on stage of disease and is strengthened with radiography. In older foals with more permanent lesions, osteochondrosis severity is significantly related to biomarker concentrations of decreased bone formation and increased cartilage synthesis. 相似文献