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1.
稻米粒形和垩白度的QTL定位和上位性分析 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
利用由181个家系组成的Lemont/特青籼粳交重组自交系群体,以及由161个RFLP、SSR标记和3个形态标记构建的全长为1916.5 cM、覆盖水稻基因组12 条染色体的连锁图,采用线性模型的复合区间作图方法（QTLMapper V10）,对粒长、粒宽、长宽比和垩白度等4个稻米品质性状的数量性状座位（QTL）进行了分析。在水稻的所有12 条染色体上共定位到7个加性主效QTL和19对上位性QTL,其中控制粒长、粒宽、长宽比的主效QTL各2个,控制垩白度的QTL 1个,分别解释12.8%、40.0%、26.0%和42.1%的表型变异;共检测到6对影响垩白度、6对影响粒长、7对影响长宽比的上位性QTL,分别解释52.2%、31.3%和38.2% 的表型变异。结果表明,上位性QTL和主效QTL一样在稻米粒形和垩白度的遗传中起着重要的作用。 相似文献
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利用“Asomonori与IR24”的置换系群体,对水稻的粒长、粒宽、粒型（粒长,粒宽）、粒厚和千粒重等5个性状在CO2浓度分别为370μmol／mol（简写为Ambient）和570μmol／mol[FACE（Free Air CO2 Enrichment）]的条件下进行了QTL分析。在FACE下,共检测到分布在6条染色体上的18个QTL,其贡献率差异较大,在9．2％～42．2％之间,其中有17个QTL的贡献率超过15％,分别是控制千粒重的1个QTL、粒长的10个QTL、粒宽的1个QTL、粒型3个QTL和粒厚的2个QTL;在Ambient下共检测到分布在5条染色体上的9个QTL,其贡献率在9．4％-30．0％之间,其中控制粒长的1个QTL、粒宽的2个QTL和粒型3个QTL的贡献率超过15％。两CO2浓度下能重复检出的QTL共3个,其它只能在1个环境中检测到。与Ambient下的QTL结果相比,FACE对粒形及粒重的影响较大,可以增加微效基因的数量,同时还可增加主效基因的贡献率。 相似文献
3.
不同生态地点下稻米外观品质性状的QTL定位分析 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1
利用两个已测序品种93 11和日本晴为亲本,采取单粒传法创建由190个家系组成的重组自交系群体,并构建了包含178个SSR、CAP和STS标记的遗传连锁图谱。采用复合区间作图方法,在3个不同生态地点(陵水、合肥和怀远)对垩白(垩白率、垩白大小、垩白度)、粒形(粒长、粒宽、长宽比)等6个外观品质的数量性状基因座（QTL)进行了定位分析。共定位到39个QTL,单个性状QTL数目在6~7个,说明垩白和粒形是多基因控制的数量性状。8个QTL可在2个以上地点检测到,其中,两个垩白度相关QTL qCD 1、qCD 3(贡献率分别为288%、321%)在3个地点同时检测到;11个QTL具有一因多效性,单个QTL位点控制的性状为2~6个,如第3染色体RM16-RM143区段控制垩白率、垩白大小、垩白度、粒长、粒宽和长宽比等6个性状。比较3个地点的检测结果,发现外观品质性状的QTL定位都受环境影响,但不同性状受影响的程度不同。长宽比和垩白度受环境影响较小,粒宽受环境影响较大。 相似文献
4.
利用高密度SNP标记定位水稻粒形相关QTL 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《杂交水稻》2015,(5):54-58
以"巨穗稻"R1128与粳稻品种日本晴杂交,构建包含781个单株的F2分离群体,利用高通量测序技术开发高密度SNP标记并构建超高密度的遗传连锁图谱,对水稻粒长、粒宽和粒厚3个性状进行QTL定位分析。共检测到分布于除第1,11,12号染色体以外的9条染色体上的19个粒形相关QTL,其中10个控制粒长,5个控制粒宽,4个控制粒厚,这些QTL中,粒长QTL q GL4-2、q GL7-2、q GL10-2、q GL10-3,粒宽QTL q GW6,粒厚QTL q GT4、q GT8可能为新发现的粒形相关位点。 相似文献
5.
不同环境条件下稻谷粒形数量性状的QTL分析 总被引：21，自引：2，他引：19
以窄叶青8号和京系17构建的加倍单倍体群体为材料,系统分析了稻谷粒长、粒宽及长宽比3个性状在北京、杭州、海南3个不同环境下的表现,并进行了数量性状基因位点的比较定位。检测结果表明,3个环境下共检测到18个QTLs,分布于水稻第1、2、3、4、6、8和12染色体上,其中与粒长性状相关QTL 3个,LOD值为2.69~4.75,贡献率为9.9%~18.4%;与粒宽性状相关QTL 9个,LOD值为2.43~5.77,贡献率为8.4%~25.6%;与长宽比性状相关QTL 6个,LOD值为2.44~6.02,贡献率为9.8%~22.7%。 相似文献
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【目的】粒重粒形对水稻的产量和品质均有重要的影响。本研究通过开展水稻粒重粒形QTL的初步定位,并对新鉴定的第1染色体长臂qTGW1.2/qGL1.2区间进行验证,旨在进一步揭示水稻粒重粒形的遗传调控机制。【方法】以大粒的FM9为父本,小粒的EFT为母本,配组衍生遗传群体,先后获得包含277个株系的F2:3群体和211个株系的重组自交系群体（Recombinant Inbred Lines, RILs）,测定千粒重、粒长和粒宽,采用完备区间作图法进行QTL初定位;针对新鉴定的qTGW1.2/qGL1.2区间,筛选2个剩余杂合体单株,自交衍生分离群体,开展QTL效应验证。【结果】初定位分析共检测到35个调控千粒重、粒长和粒宽的QTL,其中,11个能同时在两个群体中被检测到,18个仅在F2:3群体中被检测到,6个仅在RIL群体中被检测到;应用两个剩余杂合体衍生的两套分离群体验证了新鉴定的qTGW1.2/qGL1.2区间对千粒重和粒长的效应,并观察到颖壳细胞长度的显著变化。通过qPCR分析,观察到与细胞周期、生长素代谢和粒形相关基因表达发生了显著变化。【结论】初步定位的35个QTL以及验证的qTGW1.2/qGL1.2有利于进一步揭示水稻粒重粒形的遗传控制基础,也为后续的基因克隆及分子标记辅助选择奠定了基础。 相似文献
8.
为了明确小麦籽粒性状的遗传控制基础,以γ射线诱变结合花药培养创制的大粒、高蛋白小麦新种质H307及生产上主栽品种郑麦9023创建的含有310个株系的重组自交系为实验材料,利用QTL-ICIMapping V3.3软件构建了包含133对SSR标记的遗传连锁图谱,对千粒重、粒长、粒宽、籽粒面积、周长、粗蛋白和淀粉含量进行QTL分析,结果在两年环境条件下共检测到47个加性QTL和10个QTL富集区,其中6个千粒重QTL,分别位于1D、2B、3D、6D和7A染色体上,单个QTL可解释4.54%~13.14%的表型变异;31个粒形QTL,位于1B、1D、2B、3B、3D、5A、5D、6B、6D、7A和7D染色体上,单个QTL可解释2.90%~15.86%的表型变异;10个粗蛋白和淀粉含量QTL,分别位于1A、1B、4B和6A染色体上,单个QTL可解释3.64%~12.19%的表型变异。2B染色体上检测到1个贡献率较大且能稳定表达的重要染色体区段,该区段包含控制小麦千粒重、粒长、粒宽、籽粒面积和周长的10个QTL。1BL染色体上检测到1个控制籽粒粗蛋白含量的微效QTL,对表型的贡献率为3.64%,与连锁分子标记gwm818的遗传距离为0.22cM,该位点是一个不同于前人研究结果的新位点。 相似文献
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以东农46和L-100构建的重组自交系群体(RILs)为试验材料,利用2013和2014年分别在哈尔滨、呼兰、阿城3个地点共6个环境的数据对不同世代的遗传群体粒形进行单环境QTL分析及多环境联合检测。结果表明:单环境QTL分析中,检测到13个与粒形相关的QTL,位于第5、9、12、15及18连锁群上,其中粒长QTL 2个,表型变异贡献率为21.61%~26.81%;粒宽QTL 5个,表型变异贡献率为7.28%~18.38%;粒厚QTL 6个,表型变异贡献率为10.19%~18.44%。位于Sat_122~Satt052标记区间的QTL位点在粒长及粒厚中都被检测到,位于Sat_119~Satt588、Satt192~Satt568及Sat_401~Satt192标记区间QTL位点在粒宽及粒厚中同时被检测到,存在一因多效性。多环境联合分析中,共检测到15个与粒形相关的QTL。并且有9个QTL位点在单环境及多环境联合检测中均被检测到,表明这些QTL表达较为稳定。因此,本研究获得1个粒长QTL(Sat_122~Satt052)、1个粒宽QTL(Satt192~Satt568)及2个粒厚QTL(Satt192~Satt568,Sat_401~Satt192)为表现较好的稳定QTL。 相似文献
10.
特大粒水稻材料粒型性状的QTL检测 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用特大粒粳稻TD70（2011年千粒重达80 g）和籼稻品种Kasalath杂交,经单粒传法获得的240个重组自交系（RIL）为作图群体,分别于2010年和2011年对粒长、粒宽、粒厚性状进行鉴定,用完备区间作图法,以均匀分布于12条染色体的141个SSR标记对粒型性状进行QTL检测。共检测到粒型性状的 QTL 18 个,分布于第2、3、5、7、9和12染色体上。其中,控制粒长的QTL 5个,控制粒宽的QTL 6个,控制粒厚的QTL 7个。两年间均能检测到的QTL有7个,分别为粒长QTL qGL3.1,粒宽QTL qGW2.1、qGW2.2、qGW5.1、qGW5.2,粒厚QTL qGT2.3、qGT3.1;其平均贡献率分别为56.19%、4.42%、29.41%、10.37%、7.61%、21.19%和17.06%。第2染色体RM1347-RM5699区间是粒长、粒宽、粒厚的共同标记区间。第3染色体RM6080-RM6832区间为粒长qGL3.1、粒厚qGT3.1共同标记区间。18 个QTL的增效等位基因均来源于大粒亲本TD70,且增效作用显著。定位的大部分位点包含已报道的精细定位和克隆的主要粒型基因;除第2染色体的qGW2.1（qGT2.1）、qGW2.3、qGL2.2和第12染色体的qGT12等位点已有粒型性状相关报道外,定位的qGT22,qGW9 和qGT9可能是新的QTL。 相似文献
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《Journal of Cereal Science》2007,45(3):236-251
Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified. 相似文献
13.
Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：5
Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified. 相似文献
14.
概述了海峡两岸农业交流与合作的现状,提出了应该共同呼吁尽快实现两岸“三通”,开放农业生物技术图书期刊资料交流以及开放生物学科方面网络的思路,以便为农业交流与合作的顺畅开展打好基础,并寄希望能够就糖蔗、果蔗以及甘蔗笋等方面的研究与开发到台湾学习取经,开展学术交流或与台湾同行共同开展研究,为我省甘蔗业的发展作出贡献。 相似文献
15.
种子加工、检验理论与技术现状及思考 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
种子加工及检验是种子向市场流通的关键，是商业化育种中赋予种子商品属性不可或缺的环节。种子加工、检验理论与技术的研究是完善种业产业链、实现规模化商业育种、夯实“育繁推一体化”种业科学的重要一环。中国的种业科学技术体系正在形成与完善之中，受制于行业发展水平，种子加工及检验理论与技术相对薄弱。本文回顾了种子加工及检验理论与技术研究发展历程，提出了完善中国种业科学发展的策略与建议。围绕种业发展的需要，在做好品种优质化繁育的基础上，分析种子加工及检验理论与技术的新方向和新需求，加强种业应用性研究，建立先进的种子质量检验体系，研制适合现代种业发展需求的种子加工设备，打造种子加工产业标准化生产体系，完善种业科学技术学科建设，促进种业产业持续健康发展。 相似文献
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Summary Between 1993 and 1998 205 different potato cultivars and 1220 accessions/genotypes of wild and cultivated potato species from
the IPK Genebank Gatersleben were evaluated. Parameters interesting for starch isolation and especially for the use of starch
were determined. Altogether, there was a higher variability in wild potato species than in cultivated potatoes for all characteristics
investigated: dry matter content, starch content, protein content, amylose content and mean particle diameter of starch granules. 相似文献
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In field experiments conducted over 2 years in Mediterranean conditions, five winter and five spring triticales were evaluated for forage and grain production in the same cropping season. The experiments had two treatments, namely harvesting for grain only, and dual-purpose forage and grain production. In the latter treatment, forage was cut when the first node was detectable (Zadoks' stage 31), without removing the apical meristems. Grain was harvested when ripe (Zadoks' stage 92) in both cut and uncut plots.
Environmental conditions affected grain production and protein content more than forage yield and quality. Winter triticales yielded about 43% more forage than spring types, but after forage removal the spring types yielded about 36% more grain than winter triticales.
Reductions in grain yield after clipping were more pronounced in winter (32%) than in spring (19%) types. Forage crude protein content was significantly higher in the spring types studied (24.6%) than in the winter types (23.5%), the opposite being true for fibre content (20.7 and 21.6% respectively). Grain crude protein content did not differ between grain and dual-purpose treatments, but was higher in the spring triticales (12.8%) than in the winter types (11.9%). There was more variability for the measured traits within the winter triticales studied than within the spring types. 相似文献
Environmental conditions affected grain production and protein content more than forage yield and quality. Winter triticales yielded about 43% more forage than spring types, but after forage removal the spring types yielded about 36% more grain than winter triticales.
Reductions in grain yield after clipping were more pronounced in winter (32%) than in spring (19%) types. Forage crude protein content was significantly higher in the spring types studied (24.6%) than in the winter types (23.5%), the opposite being true for fibre content (20.7 and 21.6% respectively). Grain crude protein content did not differ between grain and dual-purpose treatments, but was higher in the spring triticales (12.8%) than in the winter types (11.9%). There was more variability for the measured traits within the winter triticales studied than within the spring types. 相似文献
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种子加工及检验是种子向市场流通的关键,是商业化育种中赋予种子商品属性不可或缺的环节。种子加工、检验理论与技术的研究是完善种业产业链、实现规模化商业育种、夯实"育繁推一体化"种业科学的重要一环。中国的种业科学技术体系正在形成与完善之中,受制于行业发展水平,种子加工及检验理论与技术相对薄弱。本文回顾了种子加工及检验理论与技术研究发展历程,提出了完善中国种业科学发展的策略与建议。围绕种业发展的需要,在做好品种优质化繁育的基础上,分析种子加工及检验理论与技术的新方向和新需求,加强种业应用性研究,建立先进的种子质量检验体系,研制适合现代种业发展需求的种子加工设备,打造种子加工产业标准化生产体系,完善种业科学技术学科建设,促进种业产业持续健康发展。 相似文献
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ZHU Mingdong WEI Xiangjin XIE Hongjun TANG Guohua ZENG Xiaoshan WANG Jianlong HU Peisong YU Yinghong 《中国水稻科学》2019,33(5):401-406
Seed processing and testing hold the key to the market circulation of seeds, and are an indispensable link in commercial breeding to endow seeds with commodity attributes. The research of seed processing and testing theory and technology is an important link in improving the seed industry chain, realizing large-scale commercial breeding and consolidating the seed industry science of ‘integration of breeding, propagation and promotion’. The scientific and technological system of seed industry in China is being formed and perfected, which is subject to the development level of the industry. The theory and technology of seed processing and testing are relatively weak. We reviewed the development of seed processing and testing theory and technology, and put forward strategies and suggestions to improve the sound development of China’s seed industry. In order to meet the needs of seed industry development and on the basis of high quality breeding of varieties, the new directions and demands of seed processing and testing theory and technology were analyzed. We will work to strengthen the applied research of seed industry, establish advanced seed quality inspection system, improve seed processing equipment suitable for the development needs of modern seed industry, establish standardized production system of seed processing industry, develop the scientific and technological disciplines of seed industry, and promote the sustainable and healthy development of seed industry. 相似文献