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用同胚培养的含NDV、IBV胚液制备的二联油乳剂灭活苗(简称鸡二联灭活苗),经免疫效力试验表明,用50倍稀释的鸡二联灭活苗,0.5ml/只剂量免疫18日龄鸡,4周后试验免疫鸡分别进行NDV、IBV强毒攻击,攻毒保护率均在50%以上,证明0.5ml剂量含有50个半数保护量(50个PD_(50)),NDHI抗体≥1:16,IBVN抗体≥1:8便可保护.三批疫苗免疫18日龄鸡,0.5ml/只组免疫鸡体内有效抗体可维持16周以上,0.25ml/只组有效抗体可维持到12周.疫苗在20℃保存4个月有效,4~8℃普通冰箱中保存15个月有效.以3倍免疫量免疫18日龄鸡4周内无任何毒副反应. 相似文献
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本研究旨在制备B亚群禽白血病的灭活疫苗,探索能否通过种鸡群疫苗免疫减少带毒率,从而加快禽白血病净化.将B亚群禽白血病病毒SDAU09C2株在鸡胚成纤维细胞(CEF)上连续培养复制大量病毒,制备灭活疫苗,用该疫苗免疫9只产蛋祖代鸡,同时设未免疫种鸡对照.收取种蛋孵化,对孵出雏鸡接种SDAU09C2,检测和比较有和无母源抗体鸡的病毒血症、泄殖腔p27、抗体动态.该疫苗在所有经免疫的成年鸡(9/9)诱发抗体反应,在三免后第3周产生的抗体水平最高,ELISA检测S/P值在1.69～1.89(阳性临界值为0.4),且维持4周以上后仍未下降.经过疫苗免疫过的母鸡在其抗体水平最高的前后1周内收集种蛋进行孵化,其雏鸡含母源抗体阳性率的在70％(12/17)左右.雏鸡1日龄攻毒,含母源抗体的12只雏鸡中只有4只检出病毒血症,且持续时间都很短.所有9只不含母源抗体的雏鸡在攻毒后4～8周内全部出现病毒血症,而且在观察期内呈现持续性病毒血症.该疫苗能使全部产蛋祖代鸡产生较高水平的特异性抗体,为雏鸡提供母源抗体,有效预防或减缓ALV-B的早期感染. 相似文献
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宋国政 《畜牧兽医科技信息》2009,(11):27-27
家禽注射免疫有皮下与肌肉注射两种方法.肌肉注射抗体上升快,但对鸡的应激大,容易造成残鸡,且抗体维持时间短,常用做紧急免疫;皮下注射对鸡只免疫应激小、抗体维持时间长,是实际生产中较常用的免疫接种方法. 相似文献
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8日龄雏鸡 70只随机分为 A、B组 ,每组 35只。A组 ,转移因子稀释 ND 系苗。B组 ,生理盐水稀释 ND 系苗。免疫途径为点眼、滴鼻。分别在免疫前 (0 d)和免疫后 2 ,4 ,6 ,8,10 ,12 ,14 d和 16 d采用 β-微量法测各组鸡 ND抗体效价。免疫后 2 6 d用 F48E9毒株攻击各组鸡。试验结果表明 ,各组鸡免疫后的抗体水平均呈下降趋势 ,且 A组鸡与 B组鸡免疫后抗体效价在整个免疫期间差异不显著 (P >0 .0 5 )。攻毒试验结果显示 :A组的死亡率为 4 2 .3% ,B组的死亡率为 5 9.3%。 A组与 B组的保护率呈极显著差异 (P <0 .0 1)。 相似文献
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将60只120日龄海兰褐蛋鸡,随机分成试验组和对照组,每组30只.分别肌肉注射鸡减蛋综合征(EDS-76)灭活疫苗0.5 mL/只,同时给试验组雏鸡投服缓释复方免疫增强剂1粒/只,对照组不投服.在免疫前、免疫后10、20、30和40 d,每组随机取10只鸡采血,测定EDS-76抗体效价、T淋巴细胞ERFC形成率和ANAE阳性率.结果免疫后10、20、30和40 d,试验组与对照组比较,鸡EDS-76抗体效价、T淋巴细胞ERFC形成率和ANAE阳性率差异极显著(P<0.01)或显著(P<0.05),三项指标具有相同的消涨趋势.表明缓释复方免疫增强剂可以提高鸡的体液免疫功能和细胞免疫功能. 相似文献
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鸡体内的抗体按其来源分为两种，即被动获得的抗体-母源抗体和主动获得的抗体-疫苗免疫后刺激机体产生的抗体(即循环抗体)。关于体内抗体对疫苗免疫的影响不同学者持不同的观点，这就给生产中免疫程序的制订带来困难。为了进一步探讨这一问题以便指导生产，本试验选择了具有不同水平新城疫循环抗体的成年鸡，采用不同的新城疫疫苗进行免疫，以观察其对疫苗免疫的影响，结果为：不同水平的新城疫循环抗体对不同疫苗免疫的影响没有显著差异。报告如下。 1 材料与方法 1.1 试验动物 50日龄健康海兰褐母鸡140只、非免疫公鸡2只(供采血用)。 1.2 新城疫疫苗 LaSota疫苗(中国兽药监察所提供)、Ⅰ系疫苗(北京生药厂生产)、油佐剂疫苗(山东农科院SPF鸡研究中心生产)。 相似文献
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为探讨鸡新城疫、禽流感(H9N2 HP株)二联灭活疫苗与禽流感抗体不同组合免疫商品蛋鸡与商品肉鸡后的抗体消长规律,试验选用商品蛋鸡与商品肉鸡各40只,商品蛋鸡随机分为A、B、C、D组,商品肉鸡随机分为E、F、G、H组,每组10只,A、E组鸡于7日龄颈部皮下注射新流二联灭活疫苗0.25 m L/只;B、F组鸡于7日龄颈部皮下注射新流二联灭活疫苗0.25 m L/只,同时肌肉注射0.5 m L/只的禽流感抗体;C、G组鸡于7日龄颈部皮下注射新流二联灭活疫苗0.25 m L/只,于免疫后第7天肌肉注射0.5 m L/只的禽流感抗体;D、H组鸡不免疫,作为阴性对照组。各组鸡均于免疫前及免疫后的第2,6,10,14,21,28,35天采血检测新城疫与禽流感抗体水平。结果表明:商品蛋鸡B、C组在免疫疫苗过程中配合注射禽流感抗体,禽流感的抗体效价呈先上升然后下降再上升的变化趋势,而A组未注射禽流感抗体的鸡,禽流感抗体效价则呈先下降然后上升的变化趋势;商品肉鸡各免疫组禽流感抗体效价均呈先下降然后上升的变化趋势,疫苗免疫后的前期注射禽流感抗体组的禽流感抗体效价相对高些。说明商品蛋鸡免疫新流二联灭活疫苗时配合注射禽流感抗体对机体的禽流感抗体短期提升效果较明显,可提高禽流感疫苗的免疫效果;而在商品肉鸡上配合注射禽流感抗体对机体的禽流感抗体提升效果不明显。 相似文献
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将鸡新城疫、禽流感(H9亚型,SY株)二联灭活疫苗分别以肌肉注射和皮下注射的方式单剂量、单剂量重复、超剂量分别接种28日龄SPF鸡和6月龄产蛋鸡进行安全性试验.同时,将不同剂量疫苗分别接种30日龄SPF鸡,接种后定期采血,分离血清测定HI抗体水平,并于免疫后1、2周从每组试验鸡中抽取10只攻击AIV SY株病毒.结果显示,疫苗以不同剂量接种试验鸡后未见任何不良反应,对产蛋鸡的生产性能基本无影响;试验鸡在免疫后2周即可产生较高水平的HI抗体,其中ND HI抗体几何平均值不低于1∶128,AI HI抗体几何平均值不低于1∶74,攻击AIV SY株病毒后病毒分离率为0,在免疫后20周其HI抗体仍在保护水平以上.表明鸡新城疫、禽流感(H9亚型,SY株)二联灭活疫苗安全性良好,免疫效果确实. 相似文献
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Krizsan SJ Nyholm L Nousiainen J Südekum KH Huhtanen P 《Journal of animal science》2012,90(9):3162-3173
The objective of this study was to compare the application of different in vitro and in situ methods in empirical and mechanistic predictions of in vivo OM digestibility (OMD) and their associations to near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy spectra for a variety of forages. Apparent in vivo OMD of silages made from alfalfa (n = 2), corn (n = 9), corn stover (n = 2), grass (n = 11), whole crops of wheat and barley (n = 8) and red clover (n = 7), and fresh alfalfa (n = 1), grass hays (n = 5), and wheat straws (n = 5) had previously been determined in sheep. Concentrations of indigestible NDF (iNDF) in all forage samples were determined by a 288-h ruminal in situ incubation. Gas production of isolated forage NDF was measured by in vitro incubations for 72 h. In vitro pepsin-cellulase OM solubility (OMS) of the forages was determined by a 2-step gravimetric digestion method. Samples were also subjected to a 2-step determination of in vitro OMD based on buffered rumen fluid and pepsin. Further, rumen fluid digestible OM was determined from a single 96-h incubation at 38°C. Digestibility of OM from the in situ and the in vitro incubations was calculated according to published empirical equations, which were either forage specific or general (1 equation for all forages) within method. Indigestible NDF was also used in a mechanistic model to predict OMD. Predictions of OMD were evaluated by residual analysis using the GLM procedure in SAS. In vitro OMS in a general prediction equation of OMD did not display a significant forage-type effect on the residuals (observed - predicted OMD; P = 0.10). Predictions of OMD within forage types were consistent between iNDF and the 2-step in vitro method based on rumen fluid. Root mean square error of OMD was least (0.032) when the prediction was based on a general forage equation of OMS. However, regenerating a simple regression for iNDF by omitting alfalfa and wheat straw reduced the root mean square error of OMD to 0.025. Indigestible NDF in a general forage equation predicted OMD without any bias (P ≥ 0.16), and root mean square error of prediction was smallest among all methods when alfalfa and wheat straw samples were excluded. Our study suggests that compared with the in vitro laboratory methods, iNDF used in forage-specific equations will improve overall predictions of forage in vivo OMD. The in vitro and in situ methods performed equally well in calibrations of iNDF or OMD by near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy. 相似文献
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大庆市羊东毕吸虫病流行病学调查 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对大庆市羊东毕吸虫病的流行病学进行了调查研究。结果表明，大庆有3种东毕吸虫，即程氏东毕吸虫（O.cheni)、土耳其斯坦东毕吸虫（O.turkestanica)和土耳斯坦东毕吸虫结节变种（O.turkestanican var.thuberculata)；中间宿主螺类有1种，即卵萝卜螺；东毕吸虫病在大庆分布很广，所调查的4区2县均有发生，羊东毕吸虫平均感染率分别为50．33％，平均死亡率为21．12％，大庆羊急性病例发病时间为8月上旬至10月下旬，慢性病例为11月上旬至翌年2月中旬。 相似文献
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中国圈养野生动物疫苗使用调查 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
2005年对中国动物园协会单位中的18家动物园饲养野生动物疫苗免疫情况进行调查。受调查动物园在野生动物疫苗使用和动物种类方面具有一定的代表性。调查结果显示动物园动物现共使用18类36种疫苗,预防31种疫病。其中哺乳动物使用14类24种疫苗,预防24种疫病;禽类使用4类12种疫苗,预防7种疫病。使用范围最广的有禽流感、犬瘟热疫苗等、新城疫疫苗、猫瘟热疫苗等。共有24目58科动物接种疫苗,其中食肉动物类1目8科,食草动物类3目9科,杂食动物类2目3科,禽类18目38科。研究结果提示应加强动物园之间疫病信息交流、防疫资源的利用、疫病监测和研究,加大对动物园动物疫病的研究投入,逐步建立动物园动物统一的防疫规程。 相似文献
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Information gathered from cases of fowl cholera (FC) in commercial turkey flocks through case records, flock records, and telephone and mail surveys was used to estimate disease costs. The cost to the Georgia commercial turkey industry in 1986 from preventive measures, treatment of outbreaks, and production losses from the disease was estimated at $634,545. The cost of FC per kg of live production was estimated to be $0.015. 相似文献
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猪伪狂犬病是由伪狂病病毒(Pseudorabies virus PRV)引起的急性传染病。其特征是成年猪常为隐性感染，可有流产、死胎、呼吸系统症状，新生仔猪除神经症状外还可侵害消化系统，并伴大批死亡。本病已经给全世界的养猪业造成严重的损失，我国许多地区已报道该病。为进一步探讨该病的控制、净化措施，我们对12个养猪场共856分血清采用美国嗍公司的ELISA试剂盒进行了抗体检测。 相似文献
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W A Vestre 《Modern veterinary practice》1984,65(2):93-97
In 5 cases of glaucoma (2 from trauma, 2 from narrowed drainage angles, 1 secondary to lens extraction), cyclocryotherapy was used to control intraocular pressure. In all cases the intraocular pressure decreased, with the usual result being a cosmetic and painless but blind eye. 相似文献
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Occurrence of MRSA in pigs and in humans involved in pig production--preliminary results of a study in the northwest of Germany 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Meemken D Cuny C Witte W Eichler U Staudt R Blaha T 《DTW. Deutsche tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2008,115(4):132-139
In 2007, 678 pigs of all age groups out of 347 different farms from Lower Saxony and Northrhine-Westphalia and 86 persons occupationally exposed to pigs were investigated for their nasal colonisation with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus areus (MRSA) by the Field Station for Epidemiology of the University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover and the Robert Koch-Institute. At the individual animal level, a frequency of positive results of 13% (n = 85 positive animals) and at the herd level, a frequency of positive results of 18% (n = 62 positive herds) were found. All isolates were assigned to the Multilocus Sequence Typing Type ST398. Within MRSA-positive herds, there were more MRSA-negative than MRSA-positive animals. Among the occupationally exposed persons (veterinarians, laboratory personnel and meat inspection personnel), 20 persons (23%) showed a nasal colonisation with MRSA ST398. A quite strong association between the intensity of the contact to pigs with the frequency of nasal colonisation in the occupationally exposed persons was detected. None of the animals or the humans nasally colonised by MRSA ST398 showed any clinical symptoms of a staphylococcal infection. Conclusions are drawn on the herd and intra-herd prevalence of the nasal colonisation of pigs with MRSA ST398 in pigs, but especially on which questions need to be addressed by further research. 相似文献
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为了解西藏拉萨市家禽禽流感抗体水平,2017年8月随机选择免疫过H5禽流感疫苗的8个规模养殖场、2个散养户、3个活禽交易市场,共13个群体,采集1 041份家禽血清样品进行H5、H7、H9亚型禽流感HI抗体检测。结果显示：H5亚型禽流感免疫抗体合格率为45.73%,H7、H9亚型抗体阳性率分别为21.13%、52.64%;养殖场、散养户和活禽交易市场的不同亚型抗体水平存在较大差异,规模化养殖场的H7亚型抗体阳性率最高（29.92%）,活禽市场的H5、H9亚型阳性率最高（78.16%、79.31%）,散养户的所有亚型抗体阳性率均最低。结果表明,拉萨市H5亚型禽流感疫苗免疫效果较差,特别是散养户,疫病发生风险较高,H7、H9亚型疑似自然感染率较高,应进一步查明原因,及时采取相应的措施,防止疫情发生。 相似文献