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以葡萄皮渣为试材,在单因素试验的基础上,采用L9(43)正交实验对葡萄皮渣原花青素的提取工艺进行了优化,并对纯化后的葡萄皮渣原花青素的抗氧化性进行了研究。结果表明:葡萄皮渣原花青素提取的最佳工艺参数为纤维素酶添加量0.4%,果胶酶添加量0.8%,酶解时间90min,酶解温度70℃。在此条件下,葡萄皮渣原花青素的得率为11.08mg·g-1。体外抗氧化试验结果表明,紫甘蓝原花青素表现出明显的抗氧化能力,对DPPH自由基和羟基自由基具有较好的清除能力,抗氧化能力优于维生素C。 相似文献
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以葡萄皮渣为试材,采用微波辅助提取方法和体外抗氧化试验,研究了葡萄皮渣中原花青素提取工艺和体外抗氧化活性。结果表明:最佳工艺为乙醇体积分数60%(v/v)、料液比1∶20g·mL~(-1)、微波时间90s、微波功率800W。在此条件下,原花青素提取率为9.12mg·g~(-1)。体外抗氧化试验中,葡萄皮渣原花青素提取物表现明显的抗氧化能力,对DPPH自由基(DPPH·)和羟基自由基(·OH)具有较好的清除能力,但抗氧化能力比维生素C弱。 相似文献
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山葡萄种质资源原花青素分布及其含量动态变化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用香草醛-HPLC结合法对39份山葡萄种质资源及"贝达"的种子、果皮中原花青素含量进行测定,比较了山葡萄种质资源间原花青素含量和分布的特点与差异,并对其中4个山葡萄品种"双优"、"双红"、"双丰"和"双庆"的叶片、茎皮、果皮和种子原花青素动态含量进行测定,分析了原花青素在山葡萄各器官中的变化规律。结果表明:山葡萄种质资源原花青素含量存在较大变异,成熟果实种子与果皮原花青素含量变化幅度较大,变化范围分别为0.42～8.00mg/gFW和1.2～14.7mg/g FW;野生资源与选育品种间、不同花性种质间、不同地域种质间原花青素含量差异均不显著;果皮中原花青素含量高于种子,且差异显著;4个山葡萄品种不同器官原花青素含量动态变化与欧亚种酿酒葡萄存在明显差异,叶片原花青素含量在青果期升高,转色期下降,成熟期小幅度升高;茎皮原花青素含量在青果期升高,转色期、成熟期下降;果皮中原花青素含量在青果期,转色期缓慢升高,成熟期迅速升高;种子原花青素含量在青果期、转色期升高,成熟期下降。 相似文献
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草莓和蓝莓果实花青素提取及定量方法的比较 总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15
本研究旨在比较果实花青素提取液的提取效果以及花青素分析方法的准确性。用丙酮-水-甲酸（A）、乙腈-乙酸（B）、乙醇-水-乙酸（C）、甲醇-水-乙酸（D）以及含有盐酸的甲醇（E） 等5种提取液分别提取了草莓和蓝莓果实中的花青素,用比色法和液相色谱法分别测定了花青素的含量。试验结果表明：由于提取液中有机溶剂和酸种类的不同,提取效果差异甚大。提取草莓花青素时,以D的提取效果最好,其次是E、C、A,B的提取量最低,还不到D的1/3。提取蓝莓花青素得到的结果与草莓相似。用比色法分析,D、E、C提取液提取的草莓和蓝莓果实的花青素含量明显低于液相色谱分析的结果, 但B提取液比液相色谱结果高2倍以上,A提取液提取蓝莓时比色法与液相色谱法的结果相近,而提取草莓时比色法比液相色谱结果高出约50%。建议花青素的定量方法应尽量使用液相色谱法,对同一种果实,尤其是以低沸点醇类作提取液时可以用比色法。 相似文献
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采用香草醛-盐酸法测定蚕豆原花青素,分析了青海省不同生态条件下不同基因型蚕豆原花青素含量的差异。结果表明:青海蚕豆的原花青素含量一般在2.60%左右,其中小粒型蚕豆较大粒型蚕豆的原花青素含量高,分别为2.77%±0.6450%和2.57%±0.479%;不同生态区的蚕豆品种原花青素含量不同,同一品种在不同生态区栽培原花青素含量的差异亦为极显著水平;同一地区不同品种之间差异是由品种本身基因决定的,不同地区不同品种间差异是品种和环境互作引起的。青海蚕豆原花青素含量不仅和蚕豆本身品种有关,而且和环境有关。 相似文献
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对山葡萄生产主栽品种“双红”、“左优红”、“北冰红”和品系“2001-1-135”发酵酿酒废皮渣中的原花青素、籽油、白藜芦醇含量测定分析.结果表明:原花青素含量平均9.5 mg/g,其中“双红”品种最高,达12.39 mg/g;籽油含量平均13.4％,以品系“2001-1-135”最高,质量分数为16.4％；白藜芦醇总含量平均59.25 μg/g,以“双红”最高,可达103 μg/g.测试分析表明,山葡萄酿酒皮渣原花青、籽油、白藜芦醇含量较高,进一步开发综合利用潜力较大. 相似文献
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为有效提取木瓜籽中的油脂,采用超临界CO2萃取木瓜籽油,并对其油脂成分进行气质联用分析。结果表明:在CO2流量15kg/h、萃取压力35MPa、萃取温度35℃条件下萃取130min,其油脂得率为21.8%;油脂中含有5种脂肪酸成分,其中油酸含量65.2%。 相似文献
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葡萄不同品种和组织白藜芦醇含量的差异 总被引：29，自引：3，他引：26
用ＨＰＬＣ法测定葡萄果肉，叶柄，种籽，叶片，果皮及果穗轴中白藜芦醇的含量，发现葡萄品种间各组织白藜芦醇含量的差异较大，葡萄果穗轴和果皮中的含量较高。提出了优选品种制作高白藜芦醇含量的葡萄酒及综合利用葡萄皮渣提取白藜芦醇的建议。 相似文献
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Franco Famiani Andrea Paoletti Primo Proietti Alberto Battistelli Stefano Moscatello Juan G. Cruz-Castillo 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2018,93(5):456-465
The occurrence of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) and pyruvate orthophosphate dikinase (PPDK) was determined in the ripe pericarps of several grape genotypes. Moreover, the abundance pattern of PEPCK during the development of grape berries was studied in a range of cultivars. In addition, the presence of PEPCK in grape leaves and the location/abundance of PEPCK in developing grape seeds were investigated. PEPCK was present in the pericarp of all the cultivars of Vitis vinifera studied and in that of the hybrid 420A (Vitis berlandieri × Vitis riparia). By contrast, PPDK was either not present or present at very low abundance. The results strongly indicated that the PEPCK and not the PPDK pathway is the predominant one utilised in gluconeogenesis in the berry pericarp of grape genotypes. Further, the results showed that the abundance of PEPCK increased greatly at the start of ripening in all the cultivars, showing a similar pattern in all of them. PEPCK was not present (or at very low abundance) in grape leaves throughout their development. In developing grape seeds, the results indicated a similar abundance of PEPCK in both the seed coat and the tissues enclosed by it. 相似文献
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论我国葡萄产业的发展 总被引：14，自引：2，他引：14
概括分析了我国葡萄产业的发展形势,认为葡萄总产量在不断上升,而栽培总面积呈下降趋势,但南方和西部地区葡萄种植增长较快;鲜食葡萄栽培约占80%,酿酒葡萄和葡萄酒产业发展势头强劲;各种产品以内销为主,出口比例很低,相反,鲜食葡萄和葡萄酒进口大幅度增长。当前面临着外来生物入侵,特别是葡萄根瘤蚜威胁,以品种自根系栽培的传统模式受到挑战,用抗性砧木嫁接繁殖苗木势在必行。建议政府和科研单位增强对产业的关注度,尽快建立现代化栽培技术体系,完善产业链,增加产品多样性,通过科技进步全面提高葡萄产业化水平。 相似文献
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GAO Zhao-li LIU Guang-yi LI Xing HU Zhao YANG Xiang-dong JIANG Bei LI Xian-hua 《园艺学报》2014,30(2):313-317
AIM:To study the protective effect of grape seed proanthocyanidin (GSP) on nephrotoxicity induced by cisplatin (CP) in mice. METHODS:Male C57 mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group (N group, n=10), CP group (intraperitoneal injection of CP at dose of 20 mg/kg, n=20), GSP group (intragastric administration of GSP at dose of 500 mg/kg, n=15) and CP+GSP group (intragastric administration of GSP 30 min prior to intraperitoneal injection of CP and intragastric administration of the same dose of GSP 72 h later, n=20). On the 5th day after CP treatment, blood and kidney samples were collected. The renal pathological changes were examined by HE staining. The protein expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK) was examined by Western blotting and immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS:Renal index, blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine were significantly higher in CP group than those in N group. The renal tissues were heavily damaged in CP group. The protein expression of GRP78 and p-ERK increased in CP group compared with N group. GSP treatment alleviated the increase in the renal index, blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine. The damages of the renal tissues were attenuated. The protein expression of GRP78 and p-ERK was obviously reduced in CP+GSP group compared with CP group. CONCLUSION:GSP prevents kidney from CP-induced damage by suppression of endoplasmic reticulum stress. 相似文献
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Grapevine is one of the most important fruit crops in the world. A program for the producing new table and raisin grape cultivars was started with evaluation of 90 cultivars which ended up to selection of six superior seeded cultivars as female parents and four seedless cultivars as male parents. In this study, 381 progenies originating from 22 cross combinations were evaluated when they were five and six years old during 2006 and 2007. According to seed or seed trace fresh weight, progenies were classified into four classes including completely seedless, semi-seedless, semi-seeded and completely seeded. Average seed/seed trace weight (in four classes) were 10.88, 22.47, 33.59 and 48.55 mg, respectively. As a result, 42 genotypes (11%) were considered as completely seedless, 52 genotypes (13.6%) as semi-seedless, 92 genotypes (24.1%) as semi-seeded and eventually 195 genotypes (51.2%) as completely seeded. 相似文献
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5个葡萄品种果实生物活性物质的检测与抗氧化活性评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用高效液相色谱——二极管阵列检测器(HPLC-DAD),以柠檬酸-乙酸铵缓冲液和甲醇为流动相,利用梯度洗脱,分析了玫瑰红、巨峰、藤稔、奶油和马奶子5个葡萄品种果皮、果肉和种子中没食子酸、儿茶素、表儿茶素、芍药素、白藜芦醇、鞣花酸和山奈酚的含量。结果表明,玫瑰红葡萄果皮、果肉和种子中7种生物活性物质组分的含量均高于其它品种,而奶油和马奶子果实中7种生物活性物质组分的含量较低或未检出。利用改进的过氧化自由基清除能力(PSC)法评价了5个葡萄品种的果实不同部位提取物抗氧化活性,发现所有品种果皮提取物抗氧化活性均高于果肉和种子,其中玫瑰红果皮抗氧化活性为311.5mmol/kg,奶油和马奶子果肉提取物抗氧化活性分别为28.0和17.5mmol/kg。分析表明,葡萄果实3个部位抗氧化活性与7种生物活性物质组分的总量呈显著正相关关系(r=0.949)。红皮葡萄果实生物活性物质水平和抗氧化活性均高于白皮葡萄。 相似文献