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从黑龙江省某鸭场疑似鸭病毒性肝炎(DVH)的发病雏鸭肝等组织中分离到1株病毒HD—Ⅰ株。经病理学检查、电镜观察、鸭胚中和试验、雏鸭保护试验、动物回归试验等鉴定为血清Ⅰ型鸭肝炎病毒(DHV)。证实引起该鸭场雏鸭发病和死亡的主要原因为DVH所致。用DHV标准R85952毒株多次强化免疫健康鸡，获得高效价的鸡抗鸭肝炎超免疫抗体。 相似文献
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鸭病毒性肝炎（DVH）是由鸭肝炎病毒（DHV）在雏鸭间引起的一种传播迅速、高度致死性的传染病,简称鸭肝炎。临床表现为雏鸭运动失调,死后呈现角弓反张,并以肝脏肿大及出血为主要病变特征。 相似文献
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鸭病毒性肝炎(duck viral hepatitis,DVH)系由鸭肝炎病毒(duck viral hepatitis virus,DHV)引起的幼龄鸭易感的重度致死性疾病,以传播迅速、病程短及引起肝脏出血性病变为特征.鸭肝炎病毒有Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ型3种血清型.中国主要流行Ⅰ型(王升炳,2007).鸭病毒性肝炎常用的诊断方法很多,中和试验被认为是最可靠、最经典的诊断方法(王勇等,2007);张小飞等(2005)以鼠抗DHV抗体为一抗,HRP标记的羊抗鼠IgG为二抗,建立了检测石蜡切片中DHV抗原的免疫酶组化法. 相似文献
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雏鸭病毒性肝炎是由鸭肝炎病毒(DHV)引起鸭的一种接触性传染病。发生于1月龄内的雏鸭,以3～14日龄的雏鸭多发,发病率可达100％,死亡率为10％~90％。该病的流行给养鸭业造成巨大损失。90年代以来,虽然推广应用雏鸭病毒性肝炎弱毒疫苗和高免蛋 相似文献
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鸭肝炎病毒分子生物学研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
鸭病毒性肝炎(DVH)是由鸭肝炎病毒(DHV)引起雏鸭的一种以肝脏为主要病理变化的急性、高度致死性、接触性传染病。目前,该病在世界范围内流行,给养鸭业带来了巨大的经济损失,许多地区频频出现DHV免疫鸭群暴发鸭肝炎的报道,严重制约了养鸭业的健康发展。论文就鸭肝炎病毒的生物学特性与病毒基因组结构、分子生物学诊断方法、序列分析与基因分型、结构蛋白VP1、VP3等分子生物学研究进行综述,以期为合理制定鸭肝炎病毒的免疫方法与免疫程序提供参考,为鸭病毒性肝炎的综合防控提供依据。 相似文献
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鸭病毒性肝炎(duck viras hepatitis,DVH)是是鸭肝炎病毒(DHV)引起幼龄雏鸭的一种急性、高度致死性传染病,俗称“背脖病”,其特征发病急、传播迅速、病程短和病死率高,临床特征为角弓反张,病例特征为肝脏肿大、出血性斑点。近年来,鸭病毒性肝炎在我国各地也不断发生,发病率和死亡率均呈上升趋势,给养鸭业带来严重的经济损失。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献
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Billinghurst RC Brama PA van Weeren PR Knowlton MS McIlwraith CW 《American journal of veterinary research》2004,65(2):143-150
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether serum concentrations of biomarkers of skeletal metabolism can, in conjunction with radiographic evaluation, indicate severity of osteochondrosis in developing horses. ANIMALS: 43 Dutch Warmblood foals with varying severity of osteochondrosis. PROCEDURE: 24 foals were monitored for 5 months and 19 foals were monitored for 11 months. Monthly radiographs of femoropatellar-femorotibial and tibio-tarsal joints were graded for osteochondral abnormalities. Serial blood samples were assayed for 8 cartilage and bone biomarkers. At the end of the monitoring period, foals were examined for macroscopic osteochondrosis lesions. RESULTS: Temporal relationships were evident between certain serum biomarkers and osteochondrosis severity in foals during their first year. Biomarkers of collagen degradation (collagenase-generated neoepitopes of type-II collagen fragments, type-I and -II collagen fragments [COL2-3/4C(short)], and cross-linked telopeptide fragments of type-I collagen) and bone mineralization (osteocalcin) were positive indicators of osteochondrosis severity at 5 months of age. In foals with lesions at 11 months of age, osteochondrosis severity correlated negatively with COL2-3/4C(short) and osteocalcin and positively with C-propeptide of type-II procollagen (CPII), a collagen synthesis marker. Radiographic grading of osteochondrosis lesions significantly correlated with macroscopic osteochondrosis severity score at both ages and was strongest when combined with osteocalcin at 5 months and CPII at 11 months. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The ability of serum biomarkers to indicate osteochondrosis severity appears to depend on stage of disease and is strengthened with radiography. In older foals with more permanent lesions, osteochondrosis severity is significantly related to biomarker concentrations of decreased bone formation and increased cartilage synthesis. 相似文献