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1.
为构建表达H5亚型禽流感病毒(AIV)A/Duck/Anhui/1/06(H5N1)(简称AH/06)HA蛋白的重组禽痘病毒,本研究利用感染-转染的方法通过转移载体pSY681-gfp-gpt将AIV株AH/06的HA基因同源重组到禽痘病毒(FPV)中,并利用gfp和gpt双重筛选标记在鸡胚成纤维细胞中经过多轮筛选,得到纯化的重组禽痘病毒(rFPV-gfp-gpt-AHHA)。通过PCR、序列测定和western blot的方法对rFPV-gfp-gpt-AHHA进行鉴定和抗原活性分析。结果表明AH/06的HA基因稳定的重组到rFPV-gfp-gpt-AHHA中,其表达的HA蛋白能够与AH/06的阳性血清反应,显示出了良好的抗原性。同时病毒的生长曲线也显示外源HA基因的插入并没有影响亲本病毒的复制。这些结果为进一步的免疫效力研究奠定了基础。 相似文献
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Ramp K Veits J Deckers D Rudolf M Grund C Mettenleiter TC Römer-Oberdörfer A 《Avian diseases》2011,55(3):413-421
To analyze the contribution of neuraminidase (NA) toward protection against avian influenza virus (AIV) infection, three different recombinant Newcastle disease viruses (NDVs) expressing hemagglutinin (HA) or NA, or both, of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) were generated. The lentogenic NDV Clone 30 was used as backbone for the insertion of HA of HPAIV strain A/chicken/Vietnam/P41/05 (H5N1) and NA of HPAIV strain A/duck/Vietnam/TG24-01/05 (H5N1). The HA was inserted between the genes encoding NDV phosphoprotein (P) and matrixprotein (M), and the NA was inserted between the fusion (F) and hemagglutinin-neuraminidase protein (HN) genes, resulting in NDVH5VmPMN1FHN. Two additional recombinants were constructed carrying the HA gene between the NDV P and M genes (NDVH5VmPM) or the NA between F and HN (NDVN1FHN). All recombinants replicated well and stably expressed the HA gene, the NA gene, or both. Chickens immunized with NDVH5VmPMN1FHN or NDVH5VmPM were protected against two different HPAIV H5N1 and also against HPAIV H5N2. In contrast, immunization of chickens with NDVN1FHN induced NDV- and AIV N1-specific antibodies but did not protect the animals against a lethal dose of HPAIV H5N1. Furthermore, expression of AIV N1, in addition to AIV H5 by NDV, did not increase protection against HPAIV H5N1. 相似文献
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Protection of chickens against highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (H5N2) by recombinant fowlpox viruses. 总被引：19，自引：0，他引：19
Two recombinant fowlpox viruses containing the avian influenza H5 hemaglutinin (HA) gene were evaluated for their ability to protect chickens against challenge with a highly pathogenic isolate of avian influenza virus (H5N2). Susceptible chickens were vaccinated with the parent fowlpox vaccine virus or recombinant viruses either by wing-web puncture or comb scarification. Following challenge 4 weeks later with highly pathogenic avian influenza virus, all birds vaccinated by the wing-web method were protected by both recombinants, while 50% and 70% mortality occurred in the two groups of birds vaccinated by comb scarification. Birds vaccinated with the unaltered parent fowlpox vaccine virus or unvaccinated controls experienced 90% and 100% mortality, respectively, following challenge. Hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) antibody levels were low, and agar-gel precipitin results were negative before challenge. Very high HI titers and positive precipitating antibody responses were observed in all survivors following challenge. 相似文献
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Fuchs W Veits J Mettenleiter TC 《Berliner und Münchener tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2006,119(3-4):160-166
To help in the control of fowl plague caused by highly pathogenic avian influenza A viruses of hemagglutinin (HA) subtypes H5 and H7 several vaccines have been developed. A prophylactic immunization of poultry with inactivated influenza viruses in non-endemic situations is questionable, however, due to the impairment of serological identification of field virus-infected animals which hinders elimination of the infectious agent from the population. This problem might be overcome by the use of genetically engineered marker vaccines which contain only the protective influenza virus hemagglutinin. Infected animals could then be unambiguously identified by their serum antibodies against other influenza virus proteins, e.g. neuraminidase or nucleoprotein. For such a use, purified HA or HA-expressing DNA vaccines are conceivable. Economically advantageous and easier to apply are modified live virus vaccines in use against other poultry diseases, which have been modified to express influenza virus HA. So far, recombinant HA-expressing fowlpox virus (FPV) as well as infectious laryngotracheitis and Newcastle disease viruses have been asssessed in animal experiments. An H5-expressing FPV recombinant is already in use in Central America and Southeast Asia but without accompanying marker diagnostics. Advantages and disadvantages of the different viral vectors are discussed. 相似文献
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Molecular characterization of low pathogenic avian influenza viruses, isolated from food products imported into Singapore 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Dawn Su-Yin Yeo Sock-Hoon Ng Chin-Wen Liaw Ley-Moy Ng Eugene Jing-Hui Wee Elizabeth Ai-Sim Lim Shirely Lay-Kheng Seah Wai-Kwan Wong Chee-Wee Lim Richard J. Sugrue Boon-Huan Tan 《Veterinary microbiology》2009,138(3-4):304-317
We have completed the genetic characterization of all eight gene segments for four low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) viruses. The objective of this study was to detect the presence of novel signatures that may serve as early warning indicators of the conversion of LPAI viruses to high pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses. This study included three H5N2 and one H5N3 viruses that were isolated from live poultry imported into Singapore as part of the national avian influenza virus (AIV) surveillance program. Based on the molecular criterion of the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE), sequence analysis with the translated amino acid (aa) sequence of the hemagglutinin (HA) gene revealed the absence of multibasic aa at the HA cleavage site, identifying all four virus isolates as LPAI. Detailed phylogenetic tree analyses using the HA and neuraminidase (NA) genes clustered these isolates in the Eurasian H5 lineage, but away from the HPAI H5 subtypes. This analysis further revealed that the internal genes clustered to different avian and swine subtypes, suggesting that the four isolates may possibly share their ancestry with these different influenza subtypes. Our results suggest that the four LPAI isolates in this study contained mainly avian signatures, and the phylogenetic tree for the internal genes further suggests the potential for reassortment with other different circulating avian subtypes. This is the first comprehensive report on the genetic characterization of LPAI H5N2/3 viruses isolated in South-East Asia. 相似文献
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根据H9亚型禽流感病毒HA基因上的保守序列,设计合成引物,以阳性H9亚型禽流感病毒HA基因重组质粒为标准品做标准曲线,建立了荧光定量逆转录聚合酶链反应检测方法。结果表明:本试验建立的标准曲线循环阈值(Ct值)与模板浓度具有良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.997,灵敏度约为6拷贝/μL,对新城疫病毒和其他禽病病毒无交叉反应,特异性好,重复性佳,对193份临床泄殖腔棉拭样品的检测,其结果与经典病毒分离方法符合率大于90.0%。该方法为H9亚型禽流感病毒检测提供了一种特异、敏感、快速、较便宜、高通量、生物安全性好的定量检测手段,将在禽流感病毒临床样品快速筛检、流行病学监测等方面显示良好的应用前景。 相似文献
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母源抗体的干扰是重组鸡痘病毒(FPV)活载体基因工程疫苗至今未能得到推广应用的主要原因,本试验使用FPV新的复制非必需区构建的载体pP12-18构建在高母源抗体商品鸡具有较高免疫力的基因工程疫苗.将H5亚型禽流感病毒分离株的血凝素(HA)基因和神经氨酸酶(NA)基因定向插入鸡痘病毒转移载体pP12-18中,H5A和NA基因的启动子分别为PS和PE/L,获得用不同的启动子启动不同的外源基因且两基因盒方向为背向串联的重组转移载体p12LSH5HANA.将p12LSH5HANA转染至已感染鸡痘病毒282E4疫苗株(wt-FPV)的鸡胚成纤维细胞(CEF)中.p12LSH5HANA与wt-FPV基因组DNA之间的同源重组产生了重组鸡痘病毒rFPV-12LSH5HANA.通过在含X-Gal的营养琼脂上连续挑选蓝色病毒蚀斑,获得纯化的重组病毒.经传代证实该重组病毒具有良好的遗传稳定性.用105PFU的rFPV-12LSH5HANA免疫无特定病原体(SPF)鸡,能激发机体产生有效的血凝抑制(HI)抗体.初步的动物试验表明,该重组病毒能使经滴鼻点眼攻毒的SPF鸡抵抗H5亚型AIV的致死性攻击,保护率为100%.在高母源抗体的商品鸡上,rFPV-12LSH5HANA与原有载体构建的重组疫苗rF-PV-11SH5HANA的免疫效力有显著差异,保护率分别为81.4%和45.4%.结果表明,选择FPV合适的复制非必需区构建载体是提高重组FPV在高母源抗体商品鸡免疫效力的有效策略之一. 相似文献
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H10亚型禽流感病毒全球谱系分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文借助于GenBank中的Influenza Virus Resource和已发表的相关文献报道,对H10亚型禽流感病毒在全球和中国的流行谱系、流行情况和致病性进行了分析。全球H10亚型主要存在北美和欧亚2个谱系。H10病毒的HA受体结合位点分析表明,其倾向于结合α-2,3-唾液酸受体,属于典型的禽流感病毒特征。对H10病毒的HA裂解位点分析表明,大部分H10病毒具有低致病特性。综合分析认为,目前H10N8出现大规模流行的可能性不大,但仍需要提高警惕、加强监测。 相似文献
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H9亚型禽流感病毒血凝素特异性单因子血清制备 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为制备特异性的H9亚型禽流感病毒(AIV)单因子血清,本研究分别将6株不同亚群的H9亚型AIV的血凝素(HA)基因以鸡偏嗜的密码子进行优化,经全基因合成插入高效真核表达载体pCAGGS中,构建的真核重组质粒转染293T细胞进行瞬时表达,间接免疫荧光试验结果表明,重组质粒中的HA目的基因获得表达.将重组质粒以200μg/只的剂量免疫1月龄SPF鸡,6周后采血分离血清.交叉微量血凝抑制试验结果表明,血凝抑制效价可达8 long2～12 log2,灵敏度高,与其他AIV亚型抗原无交叉反应,型特异性强. 相似文献
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Avian influenza viruses do not typically replicate efficiently in humans, indicating direct transmission of avian influenza virus to humans is unlikely. However, since 1997, several cases of human infections with different subtypes (H5N1, H7N7, and H9N2) of avian influenza viruses have been identified and raised the pandemic potential of avian influenza virus in humans. Although circumstantial evidence of human to human transmission exists, the novel avian-origin influenza viruses isolated from humans lack the ability to transmit efficiently from person-to-person. However, the on-going human infection with avian-origin H5N1 viruses increases the likelihood of the generation of human-adapted avian influenza virus with pandemic potential. Thus, a better understanding of the biological and genetic basis of host restriction of influenza viruses is a critical factor in determining whether the introduction of a novel influenza virus into the human population will result in a pandemic. In this article, we review current knowledge of type A influenza virus in which all avian influenza viruses are categorized. 相似文献
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为获得一种针对不同亚型流感病毒的共同保护性抗原,本研究以H3N2亚型犬流感病毒(canine influenza virus,CIV)的主要抗原蛋白血凝素(HA)为靶标,以四甘氨酸接头肽替换HA头部结构域,将免疫反应定向至更保守的HA茎部区,同时在HA茎部添加T4折叠三聚体以保护蛋白天然构象,通过杆状病毒表达系统表达头部缺失HA蛋白,并验证其抗原性。结果表明,利用昆虫细胞表达的头部缺失,HA蛋白单一性较好,分子量为47 ku,与CIV全病毒血清抗体可发生特异性结合反应,且头部去除区HA蛋白血清抗体可抑制H1N1和H3N2亚型流感病毒感染所致的细胞病变效应,中和效价分别为1∶160和1∶320。研究结果为制备针对不同亚型流感病毒(如H1N1和H3N2)的广谱疫苗提供了可能。 相似文献
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Júlia Vergara-Alert Núria Busquets Maria Ballester Aida J Chaves Raquel Rivas Roser Dolz Zhongfang Wang Stephan Pleschka Natàlia Majó Fernando Rodríguez Ayub Darji 《Veterinary research》2014,45(1):7
Some outbreaks involving highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIV) of subtypes H5 and H7 were caused by avian-to-human transmissions. In nature, different influenza A viruses can reassort leading to new viruses with new characteristics. We decided to investigate the impact that the NS-segment of H5 HPAIV would have on viral pathogenicity of a classical avian H7 HPAIV in poultry, a natural host. We focussed this study based on our previous work that demonstrated that single reassortment of the NS-segment from an H5 HPAIV into an H7 HPAIV changes the ability of the virus to replicate in mammalian hosts. Our present data show that two different H7-viruses containing an NS-segment from H5–types (FPV NS GD or FPV NS VN) show an overall highly pathogenic phenotype compared with the wild type H7–virus (FPV), as characterized by higher viral shedding and earlier manifestation of clinical signs. Correlating with the latter, higher amounts of IFN-β mRNA were detected in the blood of NS-reassortant infected birds, 48 h post-infection (pi). Although lymphopenia was detected in chickens from all AIV-infected groups, also 48 h pi those animals challenged with NS-reassortant viruses showed an increase of peripheral monocyte/macrophage-like cells expressing high levels of IL-1β, as determined by flow cytometry. Taken together, these findings highlight the importance of the NS-segment in viral pathogenicity which is directly involved in triggering antiviral and pro-inflammatory cytokines found during HPAIV pathogenesis in chickens. 相似文献
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Seven influenza A viruses with avian subtype 1 hemagglutinin (Hav1) were compared on the basis of neutralization in embryonated chicken eggs, hemagglutination-inhibition, neuraminidase-inhibition, and plaque size determination in a MVPK-1 cell line. One virus, influenza A/turkey/Oregon/71 was avirulent, whereas the other six isolates were virulent for avian species. The seven viruses were placed into four groups based on the above criteria: Group 1. Influenza A/FPV/Dutch/27, A/FPV/Brescia/02, and A/FPV/Steele/59; Group 2. A/FPV/Rostock/34, and A/FPV/Alexandria/45; Group 3. A/turkey/England/63; and Group 4. A/turkey/Oregon/71. The similarities and dissimilarities provide information as to the antigenic spectrum of the viruses that will be of importance in future vaccination studies. 相似文献
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Eight poultry farms in Nigeria, including chickens from nine breeder, 14 broiler, 28 pullet, 11 layer, and three cockerel flocks, were tested for antibody seroprevalence to the following poultry viruses of potential economic importance: infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), avian reovirus, avian pneumovirus (APV), infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV), avian influenza virus (AIV), and avian leukosis virus (ALV). Serum samples were collected between 1999 and 2004 and were tested for antibodies using commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. Seroprevalence was very high for IBV (84%); intermediate for reovirus (41%), APV (40%), and ILTV (20%); and very low for ALV (<5%) antibodies. By commercial ELISA, the seroprevalence of antibodies against AIV was, in some flocks, up to 63%. However, more specific assays did not confirm AIV antibodies, indicating that all flocks tested were free of avian influenza antibodies. Birds seemed to be first infected by IBV (at about 7 wk of age), then by reovirus at 12 wk, before they became infected by APV (week 25) and ILTV (week 30). This is the first report of serological evidence of the above viruses in West Africa. Further studies are necessary to assess economic losses due to these avian viruses and the costs and benefits of countermeasures. 相似文献
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为了解野鸟在传播禽流感病毒中的作用,贵州省动物疫病预防控制中心定期从威宁草海采集候鸟和留鸟的新鲜粪便,用RT-PCR方法检测病原核酸。监测到1份流感病毒阳性样本,对其血凝素(HA)基因进行了克隆和测序。结果发现,该病毒属于H3亚型,所获得的HA基因1794 bp,包含有完整的阅读框架,编码566个氨基酸残基,包括6个潜在的糖基化位点,遗传进化分析结果显示其属于欧亚禽源分支。另外,HA受体结合位点上的氨基酸序列具有禽源特有的保守性,分别是154A、206E、210L、241G、242Q和244G。推导的HA裂解位点有典型的低致病特征(PEKQTR/GLF)。结果表明,贵州省野鸟中存在低致病性H3亚型禽流感病毒。 相似文献
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将H5亚型禽流感病毒血凝素HA基因克隆入插入载体pllS中获得重组转移质粒p11SH5A,通过酶切鉴定获得了预期的转移质粒p11SHSA,将质粒p11SHSA和野生禽痘病毒(wtFPV)共转染鸡胚成纤维细胞(CEF),通过蓝白斑筛选纯化得到重组病毒rFPV-11SH5A.以间接免疫荧光法证实,HA基因得到了表达.将该重组病毒rFPV-11SH5A以10(5)PFU/只免疫7日龄SPF鸡,于7、10、14、18、21d分别采血分离血清检测HI抗体,于免疫21d后用10(5)ELD50的野生病毒进行肌肉注射观察疫苗保护率.结果表明,该疫苗能提供100%的保护. 相似文献