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1.
本试验研究了饲粮中添加亚硒酸钠、酵母硒、蛋氨酸硒和纳米硒对产蛋鸡生产性能、鸡蛋品质、血浆抗氧化能力和鸡蛋硒含量的影响,旨在为产蛋鸡饲粮中硒的合理使用提供理论依据。选取18周龄健康、产蛋率相近的海兰灰产蛋鸡540只,随机分为5组,每组6个重复,每个重复18只。对照组饲喂不添加硒的基础饲粮(总硒含量0.08 mg/kg),其他4组添加0.30 mg/kg硒,分别来自亚硒酸钠、酵母硒、蛋氨酸硒和纳米硒(实测饲粮硒含量分别为0.37、0.38、0.34和0.41 mg/kg)。试验预试期1周,正试期8周。结果表明:1)不同硒源对产蛋鸡的生产性能和蛋品质均无显著影响(P0.05)。2)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加0.30 mg/kg 4种硒均显著提高了血浆谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性(P0.05)。试验4周末,纳米硒组GSH-Px活性最高;8周末,酵母硒组和纳米硒组GSH-Px活性较高。与对照组相比,饲粮中添加4种硒源均能够提高血浆总抗氧化能力(T-AOC),且纳米硒组在4和8周末均显著高于其他各组(P0.05)。4种硒源对血浆超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量均无显著影响(P0.05)。3)与对照组相比,基础饲粮中添加4种硒源均可显著提高鸡蛋中硒含量(P0.05),其中酵母硒组显著高于其他3组(P0.05)。由此可见,基础饲粮中添加4种硒源对产蛋鸡生产性能和鸡蛋品质无显著影响;4种硒源均可显著提高血浆GSH-Px活性和T-AOC,且酵母硒和纳米硒效果更好;与亚硒酸钠、蛋氨酸硒和纳米硒相比,酵母硒在增加鸡蛋硒含量方面更加有效。  相似文献   

2.
纳米硒对仔猪生长和抗氧化的影响   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  
将纳米硒和亚硒酸钠2种硒源分别以0.1、0.2、0.3、0.4、0.5、1.0 m g/kg 6个硒水平添加到基础日粮中,配制成12种试验日粮,研究纳米硒和亚硒酸钠对断奶仔猪生长和抗氧化的影响。结果显示:硒源添加浓度在0.1￣0.3 m g/kg时,亚硒酸钠和纳米硒对仔猪生长性能、总抗氧化能力(T-AO C)、丙二醛(M D A)和活性氧含量的影响无显著差异(P>0.05);硒源添加浓度在0.4￣1.0 m g/kg时,纳米硒组仔猪生长性能、T-AO C显著(P<0.05)高于亚硒酸钠组,M D A和活性氧含量显著(P<0.05)低于亚硒酸钠组;硒源添加浓度在0.10￣0.40 m g/kg时,2种硒源对谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(G SH-Px)活性的影响无显著差异(P>0.05);在0.50、1.0 m g/kg硒添加水平上,纳米硒组G SH-Px活性显著(P<0.05)高于亚硒酸钠组。上述结果提示:纳米硒的W einberg剂量-效应的最适剂量范围宽于亚硒酸钠。  相似文献   

3.
纳米硒对肉鸡组织硒含量和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性的影响   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  
本试验采用2×6因子完全随机设计,研究了纳米硒和亚硒酸钠2种硒源对肉鸡组织硒含量和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性的影响。岭南黄公母混合雏780羽按饲养试验要求分为13组,每组4个重复,每个重复15羽。将纳米硒和亚硒酸钠2种硒源分别以0.1、0.2、0.3、0.4、0.5、1.0mg/kg6个硒水平添加到基础日粮中,配制成12种试验日粮,基础日粮作对照。结果显示:(1)亚硒酸钠添加浓度在0.2～0.4mg/kg硒添加水平范围内肉鸡生长性能和GSH-Px活性处于高峰平台,1.0mg/kg硒添加水平肉鸡生长性能和GSH-Px活性显著低于0.2～0.4mg/kg硒添加水平。纳米硒添加浓度在1.0mg/kg肉鸡生长性能和GSH-Px活性仍然保持在高峰平台。(2)硒源添加浓度在0.1～0.3mg/kg时,亚硒酸钠和纳米硒对肉鸡生长性能的影响无显著差异(P>0.05);硒源添加浓度在0.4～1.0mg/kg时,纳米硒组肉鸡生长性能显著高于亚硒酸钠组(P<0.05)。(3)硒源添加浓度在0.1～0.4mg/kg时,两种硒源对GSH-Px活性的影响无显著差异(P>0.05);在0.5和1.0mg/kg硒添加水平上,纳米硒组GSH-Px活性显著高于亚硒酸钠组(P<0.05)。(4)不加硒的空白组全血和组织硒含量显著低于硒添加组。在同一硒添加水平上,纳米硒组和亚硒酸钠组肉鸡全血硒浓度差异不显著,但是,组织硒含量却受硒源的影响。硒源添加  相似文献   

4.
三种硒源对生长肥育猪组织硒沉积及抗氧化能力的影响   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  
将纳米硒、酵母硒和亚硒酸钠3种硒源分别以0.3、0.5、0.8mg/kg3个硒水平添加到基础日粮中,配制成试验日粮,基础日粮作对照,研究三种硒源对生长肥育猪组织硒沉积和抗氧化能力的影响。结果显示:①三种硒源添加浓度在0.3～0.8mg/kg水平范围内肥育猪的生长性能差异不显著(P>0.05),但酵母硒和纳米硒的添加能够较大幅度地提高日增重和降低料重比,有促进生长性能的趋势。②补加三种硒源的肥育猪,全血中GSH-Px的活性、SOD活性均极显著高于对照组;添加酵母硒和纳米硒组血清中MDA含量均显著或极显著低于对照组和亚硒酸钠组,但亚硒酸钠组和对照组差异不显著(P>0.05),纳米硒以0.5mg/kg添加量的效果较好。③3个补硒组的肝脏、肾脏中硒含量均显著或极显著高于对照组,其中纳米硒组肝脏中硒含量极显著高于亚硒酸钠组(P<0.01),与酵母硒组差异不显著(P>0.05)。  相似文献   

5.
本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加植物硒———富硒苜蓿、无机硒———亚硒酸钠和生物硒———酵母硒3种硒源对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋硒含量及转化率的影响。选取50周龄健康罗曼蛋鸡300羽,随机分成5组,每组4个重复,每个重复15羽。试验1组为对照组,饲喂基础饲粮,试验2组饲喂在基础饲粮中添加15%普通苜蓿粉的试验饲粮,试验3、4组饲喂在试验2组饲粮中分别添加1.60 mg/kg亚硒酸钠和730 mg/kg酵母硒的试验饲粮,试验5组饲喂在基础饲粮中添加15%富硒苜蓿粉的试验饲粮,试验期为38 d。结果表明:1)基础饲粮中添加富硒苜蓿能显著提高蛋鸡产蛋率和日产蛋量(P<0.05),显著降低料蛋比(P<0.05);添加酵母硒可显著提高产蛋率(P<0.05),而添加普通苜蓿、亚硒酸钠和酵母硒对日产蛋量和料蛋比均无显著影响(P>0.05)。2)基础饲粮中添加亚硒酸钠、酵母硒和富硒苜蓿均可极显著提高蛋硒含量(P<0.01),其中富硒苜蓿组蛋硒含量极显著高于添加亚硒酸钠组(P<0.01),却极显著低于酵母硒组(P<0.01);各组蛋硒含量随试验期的延长而增加,3种硒源组蛋硒转化率大小顺序为:酵母硒>富硒苜蓿>亚硒酸钠,均极显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。由此可知,蛋鸡饲粮中添加富硒苜蓿,其生产性能略优于添加酵母硒,明显优于添加普通苜蓿和亚硒酸钠;蛋鸡的蛋硒含量极显著高于亚硒酸钠,但极显著低于酵母硒,3种硒源蛋硒转化率大小顺序为:酵母硒>富硒苜蓿>亚硒酸钠。  相似文献   

6.
不同硒源和硒水平对鸡抗氧化能力的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
为了探讨不同硒源和硒水平对良凤花鸡的影响。选用340只1日龄良凤花雏鸡,试验采用2种硒源、3个添加水平按2因素完全随机法分组,每个处理组4个重复。两种硒源分别为亚硒酸钠(Na2SeO)3、蛋氨酸硒(Se-Met)。硒水平为基础日粮、基础日粮+0.15 mg/kg水平的硒、基础日粮+0.30 mg/kg水平的硒。在31日龄和56日龄时,每处理选体重相近的肉鸡6羽,共30羽采血测定血清抗氧化指标。结果表明:两种硒源对各种抗氧化指标的影响差异不显著。试验前期,添加硒水平组的GSH-Px和SOD的活力均极显著高于对照组(P<0.01),T-AOC显著高于对照组(P<0.05),MDA低于对照组,但差异不显著(P>0.05);试验后期,低硒水平组血清GSH-Px酶活性显著高于高硒水平组(P<0.05);对照组的MDA显著高于高硒水平组(P<0.05),T-AOC显著低于高硒水平组(P<0.05)。在日粮中添加0.15 mg/kg的蛋氨酸硒或亚硒酸钠能有效提高肉鸡的抗氧化能力。  相似文献   

7.
本试验旨在比较酵母硒和亚硒酸钠对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质和蛋硒含量的影响,以确定能够替代亚硒酸钠的酵母硒适宜使用量。试验选用30周龄体况良好、产蛋率接近的健康海兰褐蛋鸡360只,随机分成5个组,每组6个重复,每个重复12只。对照组饲喂基础饲粮(不额外添加硒源),试验组饲喂在基础饲粮中分别添加0.30 mg/kg硒的亚硒酸钠以及0.10、0.20和0.30 mg/kg硒的酵母硒(试验饲粮中实测硒含量分别为0.176、0.342、0.278、0.302、0.359 mg/kg)。预试期14 d,正试期28 d。结果表明:1)各试验组产蛋率、平均蛋重、平均日产蛋重、平均日采食量、料蛋比和蛋品质与对照组相比较差异均不显著(P>0.05)。2)亚硒酸钠组和酵母硒组蛋硒含量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);酵母硒组蛋硒含量均显著高于亚硒酸钠组(P<0.05),并随酵母硒添加量的增加显著增加(P<0.05)。由此可见,相对于亚硒酸钠,蛋鸡对酵母硒吸收和向鸡蛋中的转移效率更高;饲粮添加硒能显著提高蛋硒含量,且蛋硒含量随着酵母硒添加量的增加而增加;饲粮中添加0.10~0.30 mg/kg硒的酵母硒对蛋鸡生产性能和蛋品质无不良影响。  相似文献   

8.
不同硒源及水平对肉鸡组织硒含量及抗氧化功能的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
本文旨在研究和比较不同硒源及水平对爱拔益加(AA)肉鸡生长性能、组织硒含量和抗氧化功能的影响,并探讨在生产中应用较低水平(0.20 mg/kg)有机硒替代较高水平(0.30 mg/kg)无机硒的可行性.选用1日龄AA肉仔鸡600只,随机分为5组,分别饲喂基础饲粮(对照组)及在基础饲粮中添加0.30 mg/kg硒(以亚硒酸钠形式)(SS组)、0.20 mg/kg硒(以酵母硒形式)(SY Ⅰ组)、0.30 mg/kg硒(以酵母硒形式)(SYⅡ组)和0.30 mg/kg混合硒(亚硒酸钠和酵母硒形式硒各0.15mg/kg)(MS组)的试验饲粮,每组6个重复,每个重复20只鸡.试验期42 d.结果表明:1)SYⅡ组肉鸡前期平均日采食量显著低于对照组(P＜0.05),饲粮添加各水平有机硒均显著降低了肉鸡全期平均日采食量(P ＜0.05或P＜0.01).2)与对照组和SS组相比,添加各水平有机硒均显著提高了肉鸡胸肌中的硒含量(P＜0.01),且以SYⅡ组最高,显著高于其他各组(P＜0.01);SY Ⅰ组和SYⅡ组肉鸡血浆中的硒含量显著高于对照组(P ＜0.05或P＜0.01);添加各水平有机硒均显著提高了42 d肉鸡肝脏中的硒含量(P ＜0.05或P＜0.01).3)在试验前期(1 ～21 d),较SS组,SYⅡ组肉鸡血浆谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)和总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)的活性均显著提高(P＜0.05);较对照组,SS组、SY Ⅰ组和SYⅡ组肉鸡肝脏T-SOD的活性均显著提高(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).在试验后期(22 ～42 d),较对照组,SS组、SY Ⅰ组和SYⅡ组肉鸡血浆和肝脏GSH-Px的活性均显著提高(P＜0.05或P＜0.01),各添加有机硒组肉鸡的血浆丙二醛含量均显著降低(P＜0.05或P＜0.01);与对照组相比,MS组肉鸡肝脏过氧化氢酶(P＜0.05)和GSH-Px的活性均显著提高(P＜0.01).由此可知,饲粮添加0.30 mg/kg酵母硒能够提高肉鸡组织硒沉积量,对其生长性能和抗氧化功能的改善效果最佳;饲粮添加0.20 mg/kg的酵母硒替代0.30 mg/kg亚硒酸钠,在改善肉鸡的生长性能、提高组织硒含量和抗氧化功能方面是可行的.  相似文献   

9.
本试验旨在研究和比较不同硒源及水平对蛋用种公鸡肝脏中硒含量、抗氧化性、硒酶活性及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶4(GPx4)基因mRNA表达水平的影响。试验采用单因子试验设计,选取196只150日龄海兰褐蛋用种公鸡,随机分为7个处理,每个处理4个重复,每个重复7只。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组饲喂分别在基础饲粮中添加0.4、0.8和1.2 mg/kg硒化壳聚糖(SC)和亚硒酸钠(SS)2种硒源的试验饲粮。试验期35 d。结果表明:1)2种硒源及水平对生长性能无显著影响(P>0.05)。2)饲粮添加SS和SC均能显著增加血浆和肝脏的硒含量(P<0.05);且随着饲粮添加硒水平的增加而机体硒含量增加。3)SC组能显著提高谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、总超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶活性(P<0.05),显著降低丙二醛含量(P<0.05)。4)SS组和SC组均能提高各试验组的硫氧还蛋白还原酶和Ⅰ型脱碘酶活性(P<0.05);且SC组显著高于SS组(P<0.05)。5)硒添加水平为0.8 mg/kg时,SC组的GPx4基因mRNA相对表达水平与对照组相比显著升高(P<0.05)。综上所述,不同硒源及添加水平均可影响蛋用种公鸡肝脏中硒含量、抗氧化性、硒酶活性及GPx4基因mRNA表达水平,其中有机硒优于无机硒。  相似文献   

10.
本文旨在研究饲粮中硒来源及添加水平对仔猪细胞内谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPX1)mRNA表达的影响,为合理利用各种硒源提供一定的理论基础.选择35日龄体重相近的三江白猪仔猪90头,随机分为10组,每组3个重复,每个重复3头猪.分别在9个试验组饲粮中添加纳米硒、酵母硒、亚硒酸钠,其剂量以硒计,添加量分别为0.1、0.3、0.5 mg/kg 3个水平,对照组饲粮中不另添加硒.试验期为35 d,试验结束后采用反转录RT-PCR技术测定仔猪肝脏、肾脏、脾脏、肌肉组织中GPX1 mRNA的表达量.结果表明:1)在肝脏组织中,0.5 mg/kg纳米硒组GPX1 mRNA表达量显著高于亚硒酸钠组(P<0.05),0.5 mg/kg纳米硒组和0.3 mg/kg酵母硒组显著高于对照组(P<0.05);2)在肾脏组织中,各试验组之间GPX1 mRNA表达量差异均不显著(P>0.05);3)在脾脏组织中,0.5 mg/kg纳米硒组GPX1 mRNA表达量显著高于酵母硒组和亚硒酸钠组(P<0.05),0.5 mg/kg纳米硒组和0.3 mg/kg酵母硒组显著高于对照组(P<0.05);4)在肌肉组织中,0.5 mg/kg纳米硒组GPX1 mRNA表达量显著低于亚硒酸钠组和对照组(P<0.05).由此可见,在饲粮中添加0.5 mg/kg纳米硒能够提高仔猪肝脏、脾脏中GPX1 mRNA的表达量,而肌肉组织中的表达水平则低于亚硒酸钠组和对照组.  相似文献   

11.
This study measured the effect on glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and selenium (Se) in whole blood and plasma associated with subcutaneous Se injections in beef heifers fed organic or inorganic Se. Heifers (n = 120) were randomly divided into 2 groups, 1 of which received subcutaneous Se injections. Both groups were given the same total mixed ration with 3 mg of organic or inorganic Se daily. Until week 2, heifers that had received Se injections showed higher concentrations of plasma Se and GSH-Px and whole blood Se (P < 0.001) than those having had no injections. Concentrations of plasma Se and GSH-Px were higher in the group receiving organic Se than the group receiving inorganic Se. Whole blood GSH-Px concentrations increased significantly (P < 0.001) throughout a 12-week period but were not affected by Se source. Combination of Se injections and supplementation could help maintain normal Se and GSH-Px blood status in beef heifers during the first few weeks in the feedlot.  相似文献   

12.
This study was conducted to determine the effects of either dietary Se source or dose on the Se status of horses. Twenty-five mature horses were blocked by BW and randomly allocated to 1 of 5 dietary treatments that comprised the same basal diet that differed only in Se source or dose. Treatments were as follows: negative control (0.085 mg of Se/kg of DM), 3 different dietary concentrations of supplemental organic Se (Se yeast; 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4 mg of total Se/kg of DM), and positive control (0.3 mg of total Se/kg of DM) supplemented with Na selenite. Horses initially received the control diet (6 kg of grass hay and 3 kg of concentrate per horse daily) for 56 d to allow diet adaptation. After the period of diet adaptation, horses were offered their respective treatments for a continuous period of 112 d. Jugular venous blood samples were collected before the morning feed on d 0, 28, 56, 84, and 112. Whole blood and plasma were analyzed for total Se, glutathione peroxidase activity in whole blood (GPX-1) and plasma, and thyroid hormones (thyroxine and triiodothyronine) in plasma. The proportion of total Se as selenomethionine (SeMet) or selenocysteine in pooled whole blood and plasma samples was determined on d 0, 56, and 112. Data were analyzed as repeated measures. Total Se in blood and plasma and GPX-1 activity were greater in all supplemented horses (P < 0.001, except P < 0.01 for GPX-1 in horses supplemented with the least dose of Se yeast) with a linear dose effect of Se yeast for whole blood and plasma Se (P < 0.001) and a quadratic dose effect (P < 0.05) for whole blood GPX-1 activity. A plateau for total Se in plasma was achieved within 75 to 90 d, although this was not observed in blood total Se or GPX-1 activity. On d 84 and 112, horses supplemented with Se yeast showed greater total Se in blood (P < 0.05) compared with horses supplemented with Na selenite, and a source effect (P < 0.05) was observed in the relationship between total blood Se and GPX-1 activity. Selenocysteine (the predominant form of Se in whole blood and plasma) increased in all horses supplemented with Se. The SeMet content of whole blood and plasma increased in horses supplemented with Se yeast, but it was not observed in those supplemented with selenite. The rate of increase in SeMet over time was greater in whole blood (P < 0.05) and plasma (P = 0.10) with the Se yeast product. In conclusion, Se yeast was more effective than Na selenite in increasing total Se in blood, mainly as consequence of a greater increase of the proportion of Se comprised as SeMet, but it did not modify GPX-1 activity.  相似文献   

13.
Abstract

The study was conducted on 60 pigs kept in individual pens. The animals were allocated to four groups. The growing-finishing pigs from the control group were fed with basic feed containing 0.3 mg selenium (Se) derived from Na2SeO3 kg?1 and 60 mg of dl-α-tocopheryl acetate kg?1. The remaining three groups were differentiated by adding 0.2 mg kg?1 Se-enriched yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and/or 60 mg vitamin E to feed (grower and finisher). Our results show that the addition of organic Se to inorganic Se commonly used in pig feed caused a significant increase in hepatic Se and muscle. This indicates the possibility of using these products as functional foods to improve Se status in humans residing within regions which are deficient in this trace element. We found no beneficial effect of supplementation with vitamin E and Se on the quality of the meat.  相似文献   

14.
This study was conducted to determine the effect of Se supplementation and source on the Se status of horses. Eighteen 18-mo-old nonexercised horses were randomly assigned within sex to 1 of 3 treatments: 1) control (CTRL, no supplemental Se, 0.15 mg of Se/kg of total diet DM); 2) inorganic Se (INORG, CTRL + 0.45 mg of Se/kg of total diet DM from NaSeO3); or organic Se [ORG, CTRL + 0.45 mg of Se/kg of total diet DM from zinc-L-selenomethionine (Availa Se, Zinpro, Corp., Eden Prairie, MN)]. Horses were acclimated to the CTRL diet (7.1 kg of DM alfalfa hay and 1.2 kg of DM concentrate per horse daily) for 28 d. After the acclimation period, the appropriate treatment was top-dressed on the individually fed concentrate for 56 d. Jugular venous blood samples were collected on d 0, 28, and 56. Middle gluteal muscle biopsies were collected on d 0 and 56. Muscle and plasma were analyzed for Se concentrations. Glutathione peroxidase activity was measured in muscle (M GPx-1), plasma (P GPx-3), and red blood cells (RBC GPx-1). Data were analyzed as a repeated measures design. Mean plasma Se concentration on d 28 and 56 was greater (P < 0.05) for Se-supplemented horses compared with CTRL horses, and tended (P < 0.1) to be greater in ORG vs. INORG on d 28. Mean muscle Se concentration and P GPx-3 activities increased (P < 0.05) from d 0 to 56 but were not affected by treatment. Mean RBC GPx-1 activity tended to be greater (P < 0.1) in ORG than INORG or CTRL horses on d 28, and tended to be greater (P < 0.1) for INORG compared with ORG horses on d 56. Mean RBC GPx-1 activity of INORG and ORG horses was not different from that of CTRL on d 56. Mean M GPx-1 activity decreased (P < 0.01) from d 0 to 56. In conclusion, zinc-L-selenomethionine was more effective than NaSeO3 at increasing plasma Se concentration from d 0 to 28; however, both supplemental Se sources had a similar effect by d 56. No difference in Se status due to Se supplementation or source could be detected over a 56-d supplementation period by monitoring middle gluteal muscle Se, M GPx-1, or P GPx-3. Results for RBC GPx-1 also were inconclusive relative to the effect of Se supplementation and source.  相似文献   

15.
Blood Se of adult horses was 26.1, 25.8, and 27.0 ng/ml (mean values at 3 farms), where the Se of food was about 20 ng/g dry substance. Experimental adult horses which received about 41 ng Se/g food showed 45.3 ng/ml blood.At low Se intake suckling foals show higher blood Se than mares, but with high Se intake, the opposite will occur. This is reflected in milk Se, which raises but slowly with rise of mare’s blood Se.Se in blood plasma and in blood corpuscles is on the same level. The effect of various dose levels of Se on blood Se was studied: From 1.5 to 6 mg Se/week, blood Se rose rather linearity; 18 and 30 rag Se/week gave but slightly more effect than 6 mg.  相似文献   

16.
Blood selenium levels were found to fluctuate throughout the year, being highest during the indoor season when the greatest amounts of compound concentrates were fed. From October to January the average blood selenium levels increased from 0.10 μg/ml to 0.18 μg/ml (15 cows). Subcutaneous injections of barium selenate (500 mg selenium) increased the blood selenium levels significantly. The treated group (15 cows) reached average levels of about 0.21 μg/ml blood during the indoor season.The effect of oral supplementation of sodium selenite (for 2 months) on the levels of plasma selenium, blood selenium and glutathione peroxidase activity was investigated. Plasma selenium was found to give an immediate reflection of the daily selenium intake. Maximum activity of glutathione peroxidase was reached 1 month after the end of the supplementation period.It is concluded that if selenium enriched concentrates are used in a normal feeding regimen, further supplementation with selenium does not seem to be necessary.  相似文献   

17.

Background

Selenium is part of the antioxidant defence system in animals and humans. The available selenium concentration in soil is low in many regions of the world. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of organic versus inorganic selenium supplementation on selenium status of ewes, their lambs, and slaughter lambs.

Methods

Ewes on four organic farms were allocated five or six to 18 pens. The ewes were given either 20 mg/kg inorganic selenium as sodium selenite or organic selenium as selenized nonviable yeast supplementation for the two last months of pregnancy. Stipulated selenium concentrations in the rations were below 0.40 mg/kg dry matter. In addition 20 male lambs were given supplements from November until they were slaughtered in March. Silage, hay, concentrates, and individual ewe blood samples were taken before and after the mineral supplementation period, and blood samples were taken from the newborn lambs. Blood samples from ewes and lambs in the same pens were pooled. Muscle samples were taken from slaughter lambs in March. Selenium concentrations were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry with a hydride generator system. In the ANOVA model, selenium concentration was the continuous response variable, and selenium source and farm were the nominal effect variables. Two-sample t-test was used to compare selenium concentrations in muscle samples from the slaughtered lambs that received either organic or inorganic selenium supplements.

Results

In all ewe pens the whole blood selenium concentrations increased during the experimental period. In addition, ewe pens that received organic selenium had significantly higher whole blood selenium concentrations (mean 0.28 μg/g) than ewe pens that received inorganic selenium (mean 0.24 μg/g). Most prominent, however, was the difference in their lambs; whole blood mean selenium concentration in lambs from mothers that received organic selenium (mean 0.27 μg/g) was 30% higher than in lambs from mothers that received inorganic selenium (mean 0.21 μg/g). Slaughter lambs that received organic selenium had 50% higher meat selenium concentrations (mean 0.12 mg/kg wet weight) than lambs that received inorganic selenium (mean 0.08 mg/kg wet weight).

Conclusion

Organic selenium supplementation gave higher selenium concentration in ewe and newborn lamb blood and slaughter lamb meat than inorganic selenium supplementation.  相似文献   

18.
Extract

Bovine viral diarrhoea (BVD) virus has a worldwide distribution and investigations in various parts of the world have shown that 60%–80% of cattle have neutralising antibodies to the virus(1)(2). Bovine viral diarrhoea virus infection is also common in New Zealand dairy herds(3), and its epidemiology on dairy farms is well understood. It had been considered that the traditional beef cattle population was essentially free from this infection and there was a concern that the rapidly expanding dairy-beef industry may introduce infection into an essentially naive beef cattle population. However, a recent study has shown that BVD virus infection is widespread in beef herds throughout New Zealand(4). To explore the issue further, we have examined the prevalence of BVD virus antibody- positive animals in selected dairy-beef operations and traditional cow-calf herds, and how BVD-virus infection, if present, is maintained within these cattle populations.  相似文献   

19.
The effects of selenium (Se) supplementation and source on equine immune function have not been extensively studied. This study examined the effects of oral Se supplementation and Se source on aspects of innate and adaptive immunity in horses. Fifteen horses were assigned to 1 of 3 groups (5 horses/group): control, inorganic Se (sodium selenite), organic Se (Se yeast). Immune function tests performed included: lymphocyte proliferation in response to mitogen concanavalin A, neutrophil phagocytosis, antibody production after rabies vaccination, relative cytokine gene expression in stimulated lymphocytes [interferon gamma (IFNγ), interleukin (IL)-2, IL-5, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα)], and neutrophils (IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, TNFα). Plasma, red blood cell Se, and blood glutathione peroxidase activity were measured. Plasma and red blood cell Se were highest in horses in the organic Se group, compared with that of inorganic Se or control groups. Organic Se supplementation increased the relative lymphocyte expression of IL-5, compared with inorganic Se or no Se. Selenium supplementation increased relative neutrophil expression of IL-1 and IL-8. Other measures of immune function were unaffected. Dietary Se content and source appear to influence immune function in horses, including alterations in lymphocyte expression of IL-5, and neutrophil expression of IL-1 and IL-8.  相似文献   

20.
《动物营养（英文）》2021,7(4):1087-1094
The effects of selenium (Se) yeast supplementation on performance, blood biochemical and antioxidant parameters, and milk Se content and speciation were evaluated. Thirty-six mid-lactation Holstein dairy cows were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 treatments: 1) control (basal diet containing Se at 0.11 mg/kg DM), 2) basal diet + 0.5 mg supplemental Se/kg DM (SY-0.5), and 3) basal diet + 5 mg supplemental Se/kg DM (SY-5). Selenium was supplemented as Se yeast. The trial consisted of a 1-week pretrial period and an 8-week experimental period. Milk somatic cell score decreased with SY-5 supplementation (P < 0.05), but other performance parameters were not affected (P > 0.05). The serum Se concentration increased with the increasing levels of Se yeast supplementation (P < 0.05), however, blood biochemical parameters showed few treatment effects. The antioxidant capacity of dairy cows was improved with Se yeast supplementation reflected in increased serum glutathione peroxidase activity (P < 0.05) and total antioxidant capacity (P = 0.08), and decreased malondialdehyde concentration (P < 0.05). Milk total Se concentration increased with Se dose (P < 0.05). Also, the selenomethionine concentration increased with Se dose from 13.0 ± 0.7 μg/kg in control to 33.1 ± 2.1 μg/kg in SY-0.5 and 530.4 ± 17.5 μg/kg in SY-5 cows (P < 0.05). Similarly, selenocystine concentration increased from 15.6 ± 0.9 μg/kg in control and 18.9 ± 1.1 μg/kg in SY-0.5 to 22.2 ± 1.5 μg/kg in SY-5 cows (P < 0.05). In conclusion, Se yeast is a good organic Se source to produce Se-enriched cow milk with increased Se species including selenomethionine and selenocystine. The results can provide useful information on milk Se species when a high dose Se yeast was supplemented in the cow diet.  相似文献   

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