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1.
山羊BMP15基因FecX-L突变的检测 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用PCR-SSCP方法在高繁殖力山羊品种（济宁青山羊、波尔山羊和文登奶山羊）和低繁殖力山羊品种（内蒙古绒山羊、安哥拉山羊和辽宁绒山羊）中检测骨形态发生蛋白15(bone morphogenetic protein 15,BMP15)基因的FecX-L突变,同时研究该基因突变对济宁青山羊高繁殖力的影响。结果表明这6个山羊品种都没有发生与Lacaune绵羊相同的FecX-L突变（C53Y）。可见BMP15基因中影响Lacaune 绵羊高繁殖力的突变位点对济宁青山羊的高繁殖力没有显著影响。 相似文献
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济宁青山羊多羔性候选基因BMP15的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
根据绵羊骨形态发生蛋白15（bone morphogenetic protein 15,BMP15）基因序列设计2对引物（P1和P2）,分别扩增随机选取的安哥拉山羊和济宁青山羊各5个个体的BMP15基因外显子1、2并克隆测序。测序结果与绵羊BMP15基因外显子1（AF236078）相比,山羊BMP15基因外显子1在第268-270位插入3个核苷酸CTT（268insCTT）,导致编码的氨基酸第12位插入亮氨酸（12insL）;山羊BMP15基因外显子2序列长度与绵羊（AF236079）一致,但存在7处核苷酸不同,引起4个氨基酸变化,济宁青山羊与安哥拉山羊相比在963位存在核苷酸变化（A963G）。依据A963G变异设计引物P3,利用PCR-SSCP方法检测BMP15基因外显子2在高繁殖力品种（济宁青山羊）、中等繁殖力品种（波尔山羊）和低繁殖力品种（安哥拉山羊和内蒙古绒山羊）中的单核苷酸多态性,分析该基因对济宁青山羊多羔性的影响。结果在济宁青山羊中检测到AA、AG和GG基因型,在波尔山羊中检测到AG和GG基因型,在安哥拉山羊和内蒙古绒山羊中仅检测到AA基因型;测序分析发现GG与AA基因型相比存在1个突变（A963G）,导致第300位的丝氨酸变为甘氨酸（S300G）;济宁青山羊AA、AG和GG基因型频率分别为0.008、0.059和0.933;高繁殖力山羊品种与中、低繁殖力山羊品种之间BMP15基因型分布存在显著（P〈0.05）和极显著（P〈0.001）差异;GG基因型济宁青山羊产羔数最小二乘均值比AG和AA基因型的分别多0.71只（P〈0.05）和1.57只（P〈0.05）,AG基因型比AA基因型的多0.86只（P〈0.05）。本研究结果初步显示BMP15基因可能是影响济宁青山羊多羔性的一个主效基因或是与之紧密连锁的一个标记。 相似文献
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《中国草食动物科学》2015,(4)
前人研究表明生长分化因子9(GDF9)基因G1突变对部分绵羊品种的繁殖力有显著影响。文章采用PCR-RFLP方法在不同繁殖力的7个绵羊品种(小尾寒羊、湖羊、洼地绵羊、陶赛特羊、特克塞尔羊、杜泊羊、德国肉用美利奴羊)和4个山羊品种(济宁青山羊、贵州白山羊、辽宁绒山羊、内蒙古绒山羊)中检测GDF9基因G1突变,探究该突变与绵羊和山羊高繁殖力的关联性。结果显示:内蒙古绒山羊没有G1突变,只检测到AA基因型;其余10个绵羊和山羊品种都有G1突变,均检测到AA和AB两种基因型。 相似文献
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济宁青山羊BMP15基因外显子2的克隆与序列分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
本研究对高繁殖力的山羊品种济宁青山羊和低繁殖力的山羊品种内蒙古绒山羊共20只母羊的骨形态发生蛋白15（bone morphogenetic protein 15, BMP15）基因第2外显子的扩增产物进行了克隆测序及序列比较分析。结果表明：BMP15基因第2外显子的第3对引物扩增片段存在多态。济宁青山羊与内蒙古绒山羊相比，其BMP15基因外显子2差异由2个核苷酸和2个氨基酸改变组成，核苷酸同源性为99%。济宁青山羊与鸡、小鼠、人、猪、牛、绵羊之间BMP15基因外显子2的核苷酸序列同源性为71%～99%，氨基酸序列同源性为43%～99%。 相似文献
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基因外显子2的克隆与序列分析 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
本研究对高繁殖力的山羊品种济宁青山羊和低繁殖力的山羊品种内蒙古绒山羊共20只母羊的骨形态发生蛋白15（bone morphogenetic protein 15, BMP15）基因第2外显子的扩增产物进行了克隆测序及序列比较分析。结果表明：BMP15基因第2外显子的第3对引物扩增片段存在多态。济宁青山羊与内蒙古绒山羊相比，其BMP15基因外显子2差异由2个核苷酸和2个氨基酸改变组成，核苷酸同源性为99%。济宁青山羊与鸡、小鼠、人、猪、牛、绵羊之间BMP15基因外显子2的核苷酸序列同源性为71%～99%，氨基酸序列同源性为43%～99%。 相似文献
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设计4对引物,采用PCR-SSCP技术检测骨形态发生蛋白2（bone morphogenetic protein 2,BMP2）基因外显子2、3在济宁青山羊、安哥拉、波尔、内蒙古绒山羊4个品种共191个个体中的单核苷酸多态性,分析该基因对济宁青山羊高繁殖力的影响,并对济宁青山羊BMP2基因2个外显子进行克隆测序。结果表明,4对引物的扩增片段在4个山羊品种中均无多态性;山羊扩增片段核苷酸和氨基酸序列与人、黑猩猩、牛、犬、大鼠、小鼠6个物种的同源性分别为86.5%～91.3%和88.8%～99%;与其他物种相比,山羊BMP2扩增片段推导氨基酸序列存在3处特有突变,分别是位于第131、353、365位的脯氨酸、缬氨酸、亮氨酸变为苏氨酸(P131T)、天冬氨酸(V353D)、脯氨酸(L365P)。可见,哺乳动物BMP2基因外显子2、3序列保守性强,该区域可能不是影响山羊高繁殖力的功能结构域。 相似文献
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促黄体素β基因多态性及其与济宁青山羊产羔数的关系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了解促黄体素β基因多态性与济宁青山羊产羔数的关系,采用PCR-SSCP技术检测促黄体素v亚基(Luteinizing hormone beta-subunit,LHβ)基因5'调控区和3个外显子在高繁殖力(济宁青山羊)、中等繁殖力(波尔山羊)和低繁殖力山羊品种(辽宁绒山羊和安哥拉山羊)中的单核苷酸多态性,同时研究该基因对济宁青山羊高繁殖力的影响.结果表明:山羊与绵羊的LHB基因核苷酸序列相似性为98%.6对引物中,仅引物P1和P5扩增片段存在多态性.对于P1扩增片段,在4个山羊品种中均检测到AA、AB和BB 3种基因型;测序分析发现BB与AA基因型相比在5'调控区存在2处突变202C→A和210C→T;济宁青山羊3种基因型之间产羔数差异均不显著(P>0.05).对于P5扩增片段,在济宁青山羊中检测到CC、CD和DD 3种基因型,辽宁绒山羊中检测到CC和CD2种基因型,波尔山羊和安哥拉山羊中都只检测到CC基因型;测序分析发现DD与CC基因型相比在外显子2存在单碱基突变1124C→T;济宁青山羊CC、CD和DD基因型频率分别为0.38、0.44和0.18;DD和CD基因型济宁青山羊平均产羔数分别比CC基因型的多0.99(P<0.01)和0.87只(P<0.01).济宁青山羊在P1、P5两个座位上都处于哈迪-温伯格平衡状态(P1座位:X2=1.66,P=0.437;P5座位:X2=1.22,P=0.544). 相似文献
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根据GenBank发表的绵羊骨形态发生蛋白6（Bone morphogenetic protein6,BMP6）基因部分序列所包含的外显子5、6、7和小鼠BMP6基因外显子5、6、7序列设计3对引物,采用PCR-SSCP技术检测BMP6基因外显子5、6和7在小尾寒羊、湖羊、多赛特、特克塞尔、考力代5个绵羊品种301个个体中的单核苷酸多态性。结果发现这3对引物的扩增片段在检测的5个品种中均无多态性,说明所检测的BMP6外显子5、6、7序列比较保守。同时克隆了小尾寒羊（695bp）和济宁青山羊（699bp）部分BMP6mRNA以及小尾寒羊BMP6基因外显子3—4的内含子序列和两端部分外显子序列（785bp）。发现小尾寒羊和济宁青山羊的核苷酸和氨基酸序列差异很小,两者的核苷酸序列同源性高达99．28％,氨基酸序列同源性为98．1％,除济宁青山羊中插入一个丙氨酸外,两者只有4个氨基酸的差异。绵羊与牛、人、小鼠和大鼠的核苷酸同源性分别为97．04％、81．82％、84．68％和85．06％;氨基酸序列同源性分别为99．05％、91．43％、90．48％和92．38％,均大于90％,表明各物种BMP6核苷酸序列虽然差异较大,但氨基酸序列却非常保守。 相似文献
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山羊生长分化因子9基因FecTT突变检测 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
本研究采用PCR-RFLP方法检测生长分化因子9(growth differentiation factor 9, GDF9)基因FecTT突变在济宁青山羊、贵州白山羊、大足黑山羊、陕南白山羊、古蔺马羊、马头山羊、波尔山羊、成都麻羊、萨能奶山羊、文登奶山羊、板角山羊、金堂黑山羊、关中奶山羊、川东白山羊、安哥拉山羊、辽宁绒山羊、内蒙古绒山羊等17个山羊品种中的分布。结果表明,在17个山羊品种中都未检测到FecTT突变,提示,GDF9基因影响Thoka绵羊高繁殖力的FecTT突变对以上17个山羊品种的繁殖力均没有显著影响。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献
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Billinghurst RC Brama PA van Weeren PR Knowlton MS McIlwraith CW 《American journal of veterinary research》2004,65(2):143-150
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether serum concentrations of biomarkers of skeletal metabolism can, in conjunction with radiographic evaluation, indicate severity of osteochondrosis in developing horses. ANIMALS: 43 Dutch Warmblood foals with varying severity of osteochondrosis. PROCEDURE: 24 foals were monitored for 5 months and 19 foals were monitored for 11 months. Monthly radiographs of femoropatellar-femorotibial and tibio-tarsal joints were graded for osteochondral abnormalities. Serial blood samples were assayed for 8 cartilage and bone biomarkers. At the end of the monitoring period, foals were examined for macroscopic osteochondrosis lesions. RESULTS: Temporal relationships were evident between certain serum biomarkers and osteochondrosis severity in foals during their first year. Biomarkers of collagen degradation (collagenase-generated neoepitopes of type-II collagen fragments, type-I and -II collagen fragments [COL2-3/4C(short)], and cross-linked telopeptide fragments of type-I collagen) and bone mineralization (osteocalcin) were positive indicators of osteochondrosis severity at 5 months of age. In foals with lesions at 11 months of age, osteochondrosis severity correlated negatively with COL2-3/4C(short) and osteocalcin and positively with C-propeptide of type-II procollagen (CPII), a collagen synthesis marker. Radiographic grading of osteochondrosis lesions significantly correlated with macroscopic osteochondrosis severity score at both ages and was strongest when combined with osteocalcin at 5 months and CPII at 11 months. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The ability of serum biomarkers to indicate osteochondrosis severity appears to depend on stage of disease and is strengthened with radiography. In older foals with more permanent lesions, osteochondrosis severity is significantly related to biomarker concentrations of decreased bone formation and increased cartilage synthesis. 相似文献